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1.发明授权Process for converting heavy petroleum residues to hydrogen and gaseous distillable hydrocarbons 失效将重质石油残渣转化为氢气和气态可馏分烃的方法
公开(公告)号：US4609456A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-02
申请号：US699540
申请日：1985-02-08
IPC分类号： C10G47/02 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/02 , B01J23/22 , B01J23/78 , B01J27/00 , B01J27/232 , C10G11/12 , C10G47/04 , C10G47/26 , B01J23/90 , C10J3/46
摘要： The invention concerns a process for converting heavy petroleum residues to hydrogen and to gaseous and distillable hydrocarbons, comprising the association of a step of hydropyrolysis (inside tube 3) with a step of catalytic steam-gasification of the formed coke (outside tube 3), characterized in that the hydropyrolysis step is performed in the presence of a solid supporting a carbon gasification catalyst circulating between the hydropyrolysis zone and the coke steam-gasification zone, said steam-gasification being performed in the absence of oxygen.The petroleum residue, hydrogen and steam are introduced respectively through lines 5, 6 and 7.The products are withdrawn through line 10. Heat may be supplied by the radiating tube 4.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将重质石油残余物转化为氢气和气态和可馏出烃的方法，其包括加氢热解步骤（管3内）与成形焦炭（外管3）的催化蒸汽气化步骤的关联， 其特征在于，所述加氢热解步骤在支持在所述加氢热解区和所述焦炭蒸汽 - 气化区之间循环的碳气化催化剂的固体存在下进行，所述蒸汽气化在不存在氧的情况下进行。 石油渣，氢气和蒸汽分别通过管线5,6和7引入。产物通过管线10排出。热量可以由辐射管4供应。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4164543A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-14
申请号：US865287
申请日：1977-12-28
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： Process for regenerating brines containing simultaneously sodium sulfites and sulfates so as to produce sulfur dioxide and an alkaline solution usable for absorbing sulfur dioxide, comprising contacting the brine with ammonium bisulfate, sodium bisulfate and ammonium sulfite to produce sulfur dioxide and an enriched solution of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate, which is reacted with CO.sub.2 and ammonia to obtain solid sodium bicarbonate which is decomposed to form CO.sub.2 and an enriched solution of ammonium sulfate, containing dissolved ammonium bicarbonate, which is heated with a reducing agent so as to decompose the ammonium sulfate to ammonia and ammonium bisulfate which is partly reduced to gaseous ammonia and sulfur dioxide, said process including several recycling steps.
摘要翻译： 再生含有亚硫酸钠和硫酸盐的盐水以制备可用于吸收二氧化硫的二氧化硫和碱性溶液的方法，包括使盐水与硫酸氢铵，硫酸氢钠和亚硫酸铵接触以产生二氧化硫和富含硫酸钠的溶液 和硫酸铵，其与CO 2和氨反应以获得固体碳酸氢钠，其分解形成CO 2和含有溶解的碳酸氢铵的富含硫酸铵的溶液，其用还原剂加热以将硫酸铵分解成 氨和硫酸氢铵，其部分还原成气态氨和二氧化硫，所述方法包括若干回收步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US4048293A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-13
申请号：US671711
申请日：1976-03-29
CPC分类号： B01D53/501 , B01D53/8612 , C01B17/05
摘要： This process for purifying a sulfur dioxide containing gas, for example stack gas, comprises the steps of washing the gas with aqueous ammonia or ammonium sulfite, vaporizing sulfur dioxide and ammonia therefrom, reacting vaporized sulfur dioxide with hydrogen sulfide and recycling an ammonia containing stream. To avoid the drawbacks resulting from the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the recycle stream, a further oxidation step is provided to convert hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide.
摘要翻译： 用于纯化含二氧化硫的气体（例如烟气）的方法包括以下步骤：用氨水或亚硫酸铵洗涤气体，从其中蒸发二氧化硫和氨，使蒸发的二氧化硫与硫化氢反应并再循环含氨气流。 为了避免在循环物流中存在硫化氢导致的缺点，提供了另外的氧化步骤以将硫化氢转化为二氧化硫。
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公开(公告)号：US4310497A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-12
申请号：US230174
申请日：1981-01-30
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C01B17/508
摘要： A process for purifying a gas containing hydrogen sulfide, wherein said gas is admixed with oxygen and contacted with a carbon mass of specific surface higher than 50 m2/g and containing at least one oxide and/or sulfate of iron and/or copper, at a temperature from 20.degree. to 170.degree. C., the operating conditions being so selected as to avoid a substantial oxidation of said mass and said mass being periodically regenerated by heating to 200.degree.-300.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen, the regenerating conditions being such as to avoid a substantial oxidation of the carbon mass.
摘要翻译： 一种纯化含有硫化氢的气体的方法，其中所述气体与氧气混合并与特定表面积高于50m2 / g并且含有至少一种铁和/或铜的氧化物和/或硫酸盐的碳质量块接触， 温度为20℃至170℃，选择操作条件以避免所述物质的实质氧化，并且所述物质通过在氧气存在下加热至200-300℃来定期再生，再生 条件是为了避免碳质量的显着氧化。
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5.发明授权Process for removing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 from gases and regenerating the adsorbing solution 失效从气体中除去H {HD 2 {B S和CO（HD 2 {B）并再生吸附溶液的方法
公开(公告)号：US4163043A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-31
申请号：US889803
申请日：1978-03-24
IPC分类号： B01D53/52 , B01D53/77 , C01B17/52 , C01C1/22 , C01D1/04 , C01D1/20 , C01G3/00 , C01G3/12 , C02F1/58 , B01D53/34
摘要： H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 from a waste gas are absorbed in an ammoniacal or alkali metal hydroxide solution. The resultant sodium, potassium or ammonium sulfide solution is reacted with pulverized copper oxide and the resultant copper sulfide precipitate is separated and the resultant solution of increased sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammonia content is recycled as absorbent for hydrogen sulfide and CO.sub.2. The copper sulfide is roasted to form recyclable copper oxide and product sulfur dioxide.
摘要翻译： 来自废气的H 2 S和CO 2被吸收在氨或碱金属氢氧化物溶液中。 所得的硫化钠，硫化钾或硫化铵溶液与粉碎的氧化铜反应，分离得到的硫化铜沉淀物，所得到的氢氧化钠，氢氧化钾或氨含量的溶液作为硫化氢和CO 2的吸收剂再循环。 硫化铜被焙烧以形成可回收的氧化铜和产物二氧化硫。
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6.发明授权Process for converting ammonium imidodisulfate, ammonium sulfamate and ammonium dithionate to sulfur dioxide and ammonia 失效将亚氨二硫酸铵，氨基磺酸铵和连二硫酸铵转化为二氧化硫和氨的方法
公开(公告)号：US4220634A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-02
申请号：US002273
申请日：1979-01-10
CPC分类号： C01B17/90 , C01B17/501 , C01C1/028 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Ammonium imidodisulfate and ammonium sulfamate may be converted to sulfur dioxide and ammonia by heating them with a reducing agent or a catalyst in a bath of molten ammonium sulfate and ammonium bisulfate. The reducing agent is sulfur or a sulfur compound and the catalyst is selected from Mo, W, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn and Ni.
摘要翻译： 亚胺二硫酸铵和氨基磺酸铵可以通过在熔融硫酸铵和硫酸氢铵浴中用还原剂或催化剂加热而转化为二氧化硫和氨。 还原剂是硫或硫化合物，催化剂选自Mo，W，Cu，Fe，Co，Cr，Mn和Ni。
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7.发明授权Process for removing sulfur oxides from a gas by means of an absorption mass regenerable by reaction with elemental sulfur 失效通过与元素硫反应可再生的吸收物质从气体中除去硫氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4855117A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US160973
申请日：1988-02-26
IPC分类号： B01D53/50
CPC分类号： B01D53/508
摘要： The invention relates to a process for removing sulfur oxides, particularly sulfur dioxide, contained in gases such as industrial fumes, characterized in that the gas is contacted with a solid absorbent containing magnesium oxide, in such conditions that sulfur oxides are fixed mainly as magnesium sulfate and then the used solid absorbent is contacted with a gas stream containing elemental sulfur in such conditions that magnesium oxide is regenerated with the production of an effluent of sulfur dioxide containing gas.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种除去气体如工业烟气中所含的硫氧化物，特别是二氧化硫的方法，其特征在于，气体与含氧化镁的固体吸收剂接触，硫氧化物主要以硫酸镁的形式固定 然后将所使用的固体吸收剂与含有元素硫的气流接触，使得氧化镁在产生含二氧化硫气体的流出物的条件下再生。
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8.发明授权Process for purifying a gas containing hydrogen sulfide and contact masses usable therefor 失效用于净化含有硫化氢的气体和可用的接触块的方法
公开(公告)号：US4088736A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US641352
申请日：1975-12-16
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0485
摘要： A process for purifying a hydrogen sulfide containing gas, which comprises absorbing said hydrogen sulfide onto a mass comprising zinc oxide, alumina and a group II A metal oxide, a large proportion of the group II A metal oxide being in the form of aluminate or silicoaluminate; then regenerating the mass by passing an oxygen containing gas therethrough.
摘要翻译： 一种用于纯化含硫化氢的气体的方法，其包括将硫化氢吸收到包含氧化锌，氧化铝和IIA族金属氧化物的物质上，大部分为铝酸盐或硅铝酸盐形式的IIA族金属氧化物 ; 然后通过使含氧气体通过其再生。
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9.发明授权Process for converting heavy oils or petroleum residues to gaseous and distillable hydrocarbons 失效将重油或石油残渣转化为气态和可馏出的烃的方法
公开(公告)号：US4405442A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US444268
申请日：1982-11-24
CPC分类号： C10G47/34 , C10G65/12 , C10G67/06 , Y10S208/95
摘要： This process for converting a charge of heavy oils or petroleum residues to gaseous and distillable hydrocarbons comprises the steps of (a) admixing said charge with a first hydrogenated recycle oil obtained in a subsequent step of the process, heating the mixture to 350.degree.-450.degree. C., admixing it with a reducing gas at a temperature of at least 800.degree. C. and maintaining a temperature of 530.degree.-850.degree. C. and a pressure of at least 20 bars for 0.1 to 60 seconds (b) admixing the resultant product with a second hydrogenated recycle oil whose temperature is lower than 300.degree. C., thereby decreasing the temperature of the resultant mixture to less than 450.degree. C., then contacting it with a steam-hydrogen stream, thereby vaporizing at least 80% of the liquid to a gaseous phase (c) treating the unvaporized remaining fraction with oxygen and steam to form a reducing gas at a temperature of at least 800.degree. C., used at least partly in step (a), (d) hydrogenating the gaseous phase from step (b) and recovering therefrom a light fraction distilling below 250.degree. C., recycling at least partly the remaining gaseous phase to step (b) after removal of CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S therefrom and (e) recycling the remaining hydrogenated heavy oil fraction, distilling above 250.degree. C., to steps (a) and (b).
摘要翻译： 用于将重油或石油残余物转化成气态和可馏出烃的方法包括以下步骤：（a）将所述电荷与在该方法的后续步骤中获得的第一氢化循环油混合，将混合物加热至350-450℃ 将其与还原气体在至少800℃的温度下混合并保持530-850℃的温度和至少20巴的压力进行0.1至60秒（b）将 得到的产物具有温度低于300℃的第二氢化循环油，从而将所得混合物的温度降低至低于450℃，然后使其与蒸汽 - 氢气流接触，从而汽化至少80％ （c）用氧气和蒸汽处理未蒸发的剩余馏分以在至少800℃的温度下形成还原气体，至少部分地在步骤（a）中使用，（d）将 来自ste的气相 p（b）并从其中回收低于250℃蒸馏的轻馏分，在从其中除去CO 2和H 2 S之后将至少部分剩余的气相再循环至步骤（b），和（e）回收剩余的氢化重油馏分，蒸馏 高于250℃，步骤（a）和（b）。
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10.发明授权Process for purifying a sulfur dioxide containing gas by washing with an ammonia aqueous solution 失效通过用氨水洗涤来净化含二氧化硫的气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4180550A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-25
申请号：US835085
申请日：1977-09-20
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： Process for purifying a sulfur dioxide containing gas, by washing with an ammonia aqueous solution, comprising the following steps:(a) contacting a sulfur dioxide containing gas with ammonia and/or ammonium sulfite in the presence of water, to form a solution containing ammonium bisulfite and/or sulfite;(b) reacting at least a portion of the solution obtained in step (a) with ammonium bisulfate, so as to decompose the ammonium bisulfite and sulfite and to obtain ammonium sulfate as an aqueous solution and gaseous sulfur dioxide;(c) recovering the sulfur dioxide;(d) heating the aqueous solution obtained in step (b) for vaporizing at least a portion of the water;(e) heating the product from step (d) to convert the ammonium sulfate to ammonium bisulfate and gaseous ammonia;(f) separating the gaseous ammonia obtained in step (e) and feeding it to step (a) either as such or as ammonium sulfite and,(g) feeding to step (b) the ammonium bisulfate obtained in step (e) either as such or after dissolution in water, wherein, in order to avoid an accumulation of ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate, due the undesirable formation of ammonium sulfate, at least a portion of the ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate from step (e) is heated with a molybdenum and/or tungsten compound for converting a portion of said ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate to sulfur dioxide and ammonia, which are fed back to step (a).
摘要翻译： 通过用氨水洗涤来净化含二氧化硫气体的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）在水存在下使含二氧化硫的气体与氨和/或亚硫酸铵接触，形成含有铵的溶液 亚硫酸氢盐和/或亚硫酸盐; （b）使步骤（a）中获得的溶液的至少一部分与硫酸氢铵反应，以分解亚硫酸氢铵和亚硫酸盐，得到作为水溶液和气态二氧化硫的硫酸铵; （c）回收二氧化硫; （d）加热步骤（b）中获得的水溶液以使至少一部分水蒸发; （e）加热来自步骤（d）的产物以将硫酸铵转化为硫酸氢铵和气态氨; （f）分离步骤（e）中获得的气态氨，并将其进料到步骤（a）中，或者以亚硫酸铵形式进料到步骤（a），和（g）将步骤（b）中得到的硫酸氢铵 这样或之后溶解在水中，其中为了避免硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐的积聚，由于不期望的形成硫酸铵，将来自步骤（e）的至少一部分硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐加热 与用于将一部分所述硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐转化成二氧化硫和氨的钼和/或钨化合物反馈到步骤（a）。
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