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    Microfluidic control for waveguide optical switches, variable attenuators, and other optical devices
    1.
    发明授权
    Microfluidic control for waveguide optical switches, variable attenuators, and other optical devices 有权
    用于波导光开关，可变衰减器和其他光学器件的微流控制

    公开(公告)号：US07283696B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

    申请号：US11289188

    申请日：2005-11-28

    申请人： Anthony J. Ticknor ,  John T. Kenney ,  Giacomo Vacca ,  Dudley A. Saville ,  Ken G. Purchase

    发明人： Anthony J. Ticknor ,  John T. Kenney ,  Giacomo Vacca ,  Dudley A. Saville ,  Ken G. Purchase

    IPC分类号： G02B6/10

    CPC分类号： G02B26/005 ,  B01F13/0059 ,  B01F13/0076 ,  B01J2219/00274 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2400/0427 ,  B01L2400/086 ,  F04B19/006 ,  G02B6/3536 ,  G02B6/3538 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/355 ,  G02B6/3552 ,  G02B6/3568 ,  G02B6/357 ,  G02B6/3574 ,  G02B6/3576 ,  G02B6/358 ,  G02B6/3594

    摘要： Devices utilize elements carried by a fluid in a microchannel to switch, attenuate, shutter, filter, or phase shift optical signals. In certain embodiments, a microchannel carries a gaseous or liquid slug that interacts with at least a portion of the optical power of an optical signal traveling through a waveguide. The microchannel may form part of the cladding of the waveguide, part of the core and the cladding, or part of the core only. The microchannel may also have ends or may be configured as a loop or continuous channel. The fluid devices may be self-latching or may be semi-latching. The fluid in the microchannel is moved using e.g., e.g., electrocapillarity, differential-pressure electrocapillarity, electrowetting, continuous electrowetting, electrophoresis, electroosmosis, dielectrophoresis, electro-hydrodynamic electrohydrodynamic pumping, magneto-hydrodynamic magnetohydrodynamic pumping, thermocapillarity, thermal expansion, dielectric pumping, and/or variable dielectric pumping.

    摘要翻译： 设备利用由微通道中的流体承载的元件来切换，衰减，快门，滤波或相移光信号。 在某些实施例中，微通道携带气体或液体块，其与穿过波导的光信号的光功率的至少一部分相互作用。 微通道可以形成波导的包层的一部分，芯部的一部分和包层，或仅部分芯部。 微通道还可以具有端部或者可以被配置为环路或连续通道。 流体装置可以是自锁的或可以是半锁定的。 微通道中的流体例如使用电毛细管力，差压电毛细管力，电润湿，连续电润湿，电泳，电渗，介电电泳，电流动力学电流动力学泵浦，磁流体动力学磁流体动力学泵浦，热吸收，热膨胀，介电泵送， 和/或可变电介质泵浦。

    Hybrid digital electro-optic switch
    5.
    发明授权
    Hybrid digital electro-optic switch 失效
    混合数字电光开关

    公开(公告)号：US5970186A

    公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

    申请号：US816124

    申请日：1997-03-11

    申请人： John T. Kenney ,  Richard D. Sherman

    发明人： John T. Kenney ,  Richard D. Sherman

    IPC分类号： G02F1/313 ,  G02B6/26

    CPC分类号： G02F1/3132

    摘要： A hybrid digital electro-optic switch has core and/or cladding areas that contain at least two different materials which undergo a change in their refractive index when an electric field is applied. One of the two different materials used in core regions, for example, has a change in refractive index that is less than the change in refractive index for the other material when the materials are exposed to the same electric field. A hybrid digital electro-optic switch functions by modulating the propagation constants of the eigenmodes of the switch with a voltage-induced refractive-index change, so that the propagation constants of the two materials are equal either in the presence or absence of the electric field. These electro-optic modulations change the evanescent coupling between the waveguides of the waveguide regions of the switch and transfer an optical signal that was input into one of the waveguides to a coupled waveguide. Compared to earlier digital electro-optic switch designs, the new switch has lower switching voltage, smaller device size, a sharper optical signal transfer, and wider manufacturing and use tolerances, and the switch can use a wide array of materials in its construction. The new switch can also be integrated with both the microstrip and coplanar traveling wave electrodes for very high speed photonic switching applications.

    摘要翻译： 混合数字电光开关具有包含至少两种不同材料的芯和/或包层区域，当施加电场时，它们的折射率发生变化。 例如，在芯区域中使用的两种不同材料中的一种，当材料暴露于相同的电场时，折射率的变化小于其它材料的折射率变化。 混合数字电光开关通过用电压引起的折射率变化来调制开关的本征模的传播常数来实现，使得两种材料的传播常数在存在或不存在电场时相等 。 这些电光调制改变了开关的波导区域的波导之间的消逝耦合，并将输入到波导中的一个的光信号传送到耦合波导。 与先前的数字电光开关设计相比，新开关具有较低的开关电压，更小的器件尺寸，更清晰的光信号传输，更宽的制造和使用公差，并且开关可以在其结构中使用各种各样的材料。 新开关也可以与微带线和共面行波电极集成，用于非常高速的光子开关应用。

    Method of removing contaminants from a surface
    7.
    发明授权
    Method of removing contaminants from a surface 失效
    从表面去除污染物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4381951A

    公开(公告)日：1983-05-03

    申请号：US341723

    申请日：1982-01-22

    申请人： William J. Baron ,  John T. Kenney ,  Wesley P. Townsend

    发明人： William J. Baron ,  John T. Kenney ,  Wesley P. Townsend

    IPC分类号： C23C18/16 ,  H05K3/18

    CPC分类号： H05K3/182 ,  C23C18/1608

    摘要： A method of removing contaminants from the surface is disclosed. The method comprises coating the surface with a surface active agent having a first surface energy and into which the contaminants are combined, applying thereover a higher surface energy colloidal sol and then allowing sufficient time for the first surface energy material with the contaminants combined therewith to migrate through the colloidal sol so as to remove the contaminants from the immediate vicinity of the substrate surface. The surface may then be treated by exposing it to an acid or base to remove the migrated surfactant layer thus removing the trace of contaminants.

    摘要翻译： 公开了从表面去除污染物的方法。 该方法包括用具有第一表面能的表面活性剂涂覆表面，并且将污染物组合到其中，在其上涂覆较高表面能胶体溶胶，然后允许足够的时间使第一表面能材料与其结合的污染物迁移 通过胶体溶胶以从基底表面的紧邻附近去除污染物。 然后可以通过将表面暴露于酸或碱以除去迁移的表面活性剂层，从而除去痕量的污染物来进行处理。

    Optical interconnects with hybrid construction
    9.
    发明授权
    Optical interconnects with hybrid construction 有权
    具有混合结构的光互连

    公开(公告)号：US06449417B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US09795925

    申请日：2001-02-28

    申请人： Edward S. Binkley ,  John T. Kenney ,  Marc A. Stiller

    发明人： Edward S. Binkley ,  John T. Kenney ,  Marc A. Stiller

    IPC分类号： G02B610

    CPC分类号： G02B6/1221 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/136 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02B2006/12142 ,  G02B2006/12145 ,  G02B2006/12147 ,  G02B2006/12164

    摘要： Disclosed is a hybrid waveguide structure, wherein a core or cladding has a hybrid section or “button” of a different optical property such as refractive index from the major portion of the core or cladding, respectively. The hybrid section can be made of a passive material or an electro-optic material. Methods of making a hybrid waveguide structure are also disclosed. These methods include rib-based methods and trench-based methods, and in either of these methods, a temporary filler is used in many instances to incorporate the hybrid section into the hybrid waveguide structure.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种混合波导结构，其中芯或包层分别具有与芯或包层的主要部分不同的光学性质（例如折射率）的混合部分或“按钮”。 混合部分可以由被动材料或电光材料制成。 还公开了制造混合波导结构的方法。 这些方法包括基于肋的方法和基于沟槽的方法，并且在这些方法中的任一种中，在许多情况下使用临时填料将混合部分并入到混合波导结构中。

    Authenticating and identifying objects using nanoparticles
    10.
    发明申请
    Authenticating and identifying objects using nanoparticles 审中-公开
    使用纳米粒子验证和识别物体

    公开(公告)号：US20090116753A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-05-07

    申请号：US11518505

    申请日：2006-09-08

    申请人： John A. Midgley ,  William M. Pfenninger ,  John T. Kenney

    发明人： John A. Midgley ,  William M. Pfenninger ,  John T. Kenney

    IPC分类号： G06K9/68

    CPC分类号： G06F21/36 ,  G06Q30/06

    摘要： Apparatus, system, and method to authenticate and identify objects using nanoparticles are described herein. In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium includes executable code to: (1) derive an index based on an authentication image of a marking; (2) select a reference image of the marking based on the index; (3) compare the authentication image with the reference image to determine whether the authentication image matches the reference image; and (4) produce an indication of authenticity based on whether the authentication image matches the reference image.

    摘要翻译： 本文描述了使用纳米颗粒来鉴别和识别物体的装置，系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，计算机可读存储介质包括可执行代码以：（1）基于标记的认证图像导出索引; （2）根据索引选择标记的参考图像; （3）将认证图像与参考图像进行比较，以确定认证图像是否与参考图像匹配; 和（4）基于认证图像是否与参考图像匹配来产生真实性的指示。