公开(公告)号：US5934307A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

申请号：US913666

申请日：1997-12-17

申请人： Ari Lehto ,  Eero Halonen ,  Markku Orpana ,  Aarne Utriainen

发明人： Ari Lehto ,  Eero Halonen ,  Markku Orpana ,  Aarne Utriainen

IPC分类号： F16K17/16 ,  F16K37/00 ,  F16K17/40

CPC分类号： F16K37/00 ,  F16K17/16 ,  Y10T137/1684 ,  Y10T137/1714

摘要： The invention relates to an overpressure protector comprising a body portion (1) of single crystal silicon, a burst flow conduit (2) extending through the body portion (1), and a membrane (3) covering the burst flow conduit (2) and responding to a pressure difference. The membrane is a thin film (3), which is arranged to break when the pressure difference acting across it exceeds a predetermined value, and comprises a belt (6) whose electrical conductivity differs from that of the other material of the membrane. The belt is connected to means (9) for supplying electric current either for detecting breaking or the belt or for bursting the membrane (3) intentionally by means of heating effect of electric current.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FI96 / 00148 Sec。 371 1997年12月17日第 102（e）日期1997年12月17日PCT 1996年3月11日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 28677 日期1996年9月19日本发明涉及一种超压保护器，其包括单晶硅的主体部分（1），延伸穿过主体部分（1）的突发流动导管（2）和覆盖突发流 导管（2）并响应压力差。 膜是薄膜（3），其被布置为当跨过其的压力差超过预定值时断裂，并且包括其导电性不同于膜的其它材料的导电带（6）。 带子连接到用于提供电流的装置（9），用于检测断路或皮带，或者通过电流的加热效应有意地破裂膜（3）。

公开(公告)号：US5500569A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-19

申请号：US220696

申请日：1994-03-31

申请人： Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Ari Lehto ,  Anssi Korhonen

发明人： Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Ari Lehto ,  Anssi Korhonen

IPC分类号： H01K1/02 ,  H01K1/04 ,  H01K1/14 ,  H01K3/02 ,  H01K7/00

CPC分类号： H01K1/04 ,  H01K1/02 ,  H01K3/02 ,  H01K7/00

摘要： A radiant source including an essentially planar substrate having a well or hole formed therein. At least one incandescent filament is mounted to the substrate and aligned at the well or hole. Contact pads are formed onto the substrate, to both ends of the incandescent filament, and feed electric current to the incandescent filament. Furthermore, each incandescent filament is doped with phosphorus to an impurity concentration of at least 5.times.10.sup.19 atoms/cm.sup.3.

摘要翻译： 一种辐射源，包括具有在其中形成的孔或孔的基本平坦的基底。 至少一个白炽灯丝安装到基板上并在孔或孔对准。 接触焊盘形成在基板上，到白炽灯丝的两端，并将电流馈送到白炽灯丝。 此外，每个白炽灯丝掺杂有至少5×1019原子/ cm3的杂质浓度的磷。

公开(公告)号：US5646729A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-08

申请号：US573759

申请日：1995-12-18

申请人： Yrjo Koskinen ,  Ari Lehto ,  Simo Tammela ,  Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Altti Torkkeli

发明人： Yrjo Koskinen ,  Ari Lehto ,  Simo Tammela ,  Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Altti Torkkeli

IPC分类号： G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G02B27/00

CPC分类号： G01J3/26 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G01J2003/1247

摘要： A single-channel gas concentration measurement method and apparatus. According to the method, a radiant source is employed to generate a measuring signal, the measuring signal is subsequently directed to a measurement object containing a gas mixture to be measured, the measuring signal is subsequently bandpass filtered using at least two passband wavelengths, and the filtered measuring signals are detected by a detector. According to the invention, the bandpass filtering step is implemented by a single electrostatically tunable, short-resonator Fabry-Perot interferometer.

摘要翻译： 单通道气体浓度测量方法和装置。 根据该方法，使用辐射源来产生测量信号，随后将测量信号引导到包含要测量的气体混合物的测量对象，随后使用至少两个通带波长对测量信号进行带通滤波，并且 滤波的测量信号由检测器检测。 根据本发明，带通滤波步骤由单个静电可调谐的短谐振器法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪实现。

公开(公告)号：US5644676A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-01

申请号：US494636

申请日：1995-06-23

申请人： Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Ari Lehto ,  Hannu Kattelus

发明人： Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Ari Lehto ,  Hannu Kattelus

IPC分类号： H05B3/10 ,  G01J5/52 ,  H01K1/02 ,  H01K7/00 ,  H05B3/12

CPC分类号： H01K7/00 ,  G01J5/522 ,  H01K1/02

摘要： An electrically modulatable radiant source includes an essentially planar substrate, a well or hole formed in the substrate, and at least one incandescent filament attached to the substrate. The incandescent filament is aligned with the well or hole and is formed of a metallic compound which readily oxidizes at an operating temperature of the incandescent filament. An oxidation resistant film encapsulates the incandescent filament to prevent the filament from oxidizing. Furthermore, contact pads are formed on the substrate at both ends of the incandescent filament for feeding electric current to the incandescent filament.

摘要翻译： 电可调节辐射源包括基本上平面的基板，在基板中形成的阱或孔，以及附着到基板的至少一个白炽灯丝。 白炽丝与孔或孔对准，并由在白炽灯丝的工作温度下容易氧化的金属化合物形成。 耐氧化膜封装白炽灯丝以防止灯丝氧化。 此外，在白炽灯丝两端的基板上形成接触焊盘，以将电流馈送到白炽灯丝。

公开(公告)号：US5561523A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-01

申请号：US386773

申请日：1995-02-10

申请人： Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Ari Lehto

发明人： Martti Blomberg ,  Markku Orpana ,  Ari Lehto

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G02B5/28 ,  G02B26/00

CPC分类号： G02B26/001 ,  G01J3/26

摘要： An electrostatically tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer produced by surface micromechanical techniques is used in optical material analysis as an optical sweeping filter in which the optical measurement wavelength is centered at a wavelength .lambda.. The Fabry-Perot interferometer based sensor structure comprises a body block, two essentially parallel mirrors bonded to the body block, of which mirrors at least one is partially transmitting and movable relative to the body block. The mirrors are spaced maximally by a few half-wavelengths, .lambda./2, from each other, and both of the mirror structures include integral electrode structures capable of effecting an electrostatic force between the mirror structures. The movable mirror structure is provided with structurally weakened regions surrounding the optical area of the mirror so as to facilitate keeping the optical area at a maximum degree of flatness. At least one of the electrode structures surrounds the optical area so as to achieve a mechanical lever action and avoid galvanic contact between the electrode of the movable mirror structure and the electrode of the fixed mirror structure.

摘要翻译： 通过表面微机械技术制造的静电可调法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪用于光学材料分析中，作为其中光学测量波长以波长λ为中心的光学扫描滤光器。 基于法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪的传感器结构包括主体块，两个基本上平行的结合到体块的反射镜，其中至少一个反射镜相对于身体块部分透射并且可移动。 反射镜最大限度地彼此间隔几个半波长λ/ 2，并且两个反射镜结构都包括能够在镜面结构之间产生静电力的整体电极结构。 可动镜结构设置有围绕镜的光学区域的结构弱化区域，以便于保持光学区域处于最大平坦度。 电极结构中的至少一个围绕光学区域，以实现机械杆动作，并避免可移动镜面结构的电极和固定镜结构的电极之间的电流接触。

公开(公告)号：US06443880B2

公开(公告)日：2002-09-03

申请号：US09814652

申请日：2001-03-22

申请人： James Blais ,  Kari Röyskö ,  Jori Onnela ,  Ari Lehto ,  Sami Vanhamäki ,  Risto Haiko

发明人： James Blais ,  Kari Röyskö ,  Jori Onnela ,  Ari Lehto ,  Sami Vanhamäki ,  Risto Haiko

IPC分类号： B23P1500

CPC分类号： F16C13/028 ,  D21G1/022

摘要： The roll comprises a stationary support construction (11) and a roll mantle (12) revolving around the construction, which mantle is supported from its inner face (12′) on the support construction (11) by at least one hydraulically loaded loading member (13), by which the roll mantle (12) is loaded against a backup roll (20) which forms a nip (N) with the roll. The oil removing arrangement comprises an oil collecting equipment (90) fitted in the space between the outer face (11″) of the support construction (11) and the inner face (12′) of the roll mantle (12), in which oil collecting equipment there is an oil guide plate (91) which is supported at least on the support construction (11), which is arc-shaped in the direction of the circumference and which forms a first oil guide face. At the lateral edges of the oil guide plate (91), there are radial side walls (93,94) directed towards the support construction, and at the curved rear edge there is a curved rear wall (92). In the space between the oil collecting equipment (90) and the outer face (11″) of the support construction (11), a flow passage is formed, along which the oil present in the roll is guided into oil guide arrangements passing out of the roll.

摘要翻译： 卷筒包括固定支撑结构（11）和围绕该结构旋转的辊套（12），所述壳体由支撑结构（11）上的内表面（12'）由至少一个液压加载的装载部件 13），通过该辊13将辊套（12）装载到与辊形成辊隙（N）的支承辊（20）上。 除油装置包括装配在支撑结构（11）的外表面（11“）和辊罩（12）的内表面（12'）之间的空间中的集油装置（90），其中 集油装置具有至少支撑在支撑结构（11）上的导油板（91），其在圆周方向上呈弧形，并形成第一导油面。 在导油板（91）的侧边缘处，存在朝向支撑结构的径向侧壁（93,94），并且在弯曲的后边缘处具有弯曲的后壁（92）。 在集油装置（90）与支撑结构（11）的外表面（11“）之间的空间中，形成有流路，将存在于辊中的油引导到导流装置中， 的卷。

公开(公告)号：US06177673B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US09208592

申请日：1998-12-10

申请人： Martti Juhani Blomberg ,  Altti Kaleva Torkkeli ,  Ari Lehto

发明人： Martti Juhani Blomberg ,  Altti Kaleva Torkkeli ,  Ari Lehto

IPC分类号： G01J502

CPC分类号： G02B5/22

摘要： The invention relates to a structure suitable for manufacturing by the fabrication techniques of micro-electronics so as to include an optically black surface that functions as an absorber or emitter, respectively, over a predetermined wavelength range, the structure includes a electrically nonconducting support layer (1), a metallic mirror layer (2) made on the support layer (1), and a lossy layer (4) made on the support layer (1) and the metallic mirror layer (2) superimposed thereon. According to the invention, the mirror layer (2) is made on the upper surface of the support layer (1) and the lossy layer (4) is made from a doped semiconductor material. The thickness of the multilayer structure (3, 4, 7) and the doping of the lossy layer (4) are predetermined relative to each other so that the mirror layer (2) will be optically matched over the predetermined wavelength range of absorption or emission, respectively, to the medium surrounding the structure. The invention also concerns a method for manufacturing the surfaces.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种适用于通过微电子制造技术制造的结构，以便包括在预定波长范围上分别用作吸收体或发射体的光学黑色表面，该结构包括电非导电支撑层（ 1），在支撑层（1）上制成的金属镜层（2）和在支撑层（1）和金属镜层（2）上叠加的有损耗层（4）。 根据本发明，镜面层（2）制成在支撑层（1）的上表面上，有损层（4）由掺杂的半导体材料制成。 多层结构（3,4,7）的厚度和有损层（4）的掺杂是相对于彼此预定的，使得镜层（2）将在预定的吸收或发射波长范围内光学匹配 分别到围绕结构的介质。 本发明还涉及用于制造表面的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5178462A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-12

申请号：US783120

申请日：1991-10-28

申请人： Ari Lehto

发明人： Ari Lehto

IPC分类号： G01N25/66

CPC分类号： G01N25/66

摘要： A method and an apparatus for measuring dewpoint of different kinds of gases, is based on cooling the measured gas, with the help of cold gas, down to the dewpoint and then detecting the generated mist by optical sensors. The cooling gas is routed to a measurement area (7) from outside the process and the cooling gas is brought to an appropriate temperature below the dewpoint of the measured gas before being conducted to the measurement area (7). Mist generated during the cooling of the measured gas is detected by illuminating the measurement area (7) by a light emitting source (8) and measuring the light (2) scattered from the mist or light (3) penetrating through the mist with the help of a photodetector (9). The temperature of the measurement area is continuously monitored with temperature sensors (10) so that when the mist is detected, the temperature of the measurement area (7) at that instant corresponds to the dewpoint temperature of the measured gas.

摘要翻译： 用于测量不同种类气体的露点的方法和装置是基于在冷气的帮助下将测量的气体冷却到露点，然后通过光学传感器检测所产生的雾。 冷却气体从工艺外部被引导到测量区域（7），并且在被传导到测量区域（7）之前，将冷却气体置于低于测量气体露点的适当温度。 通过用发光源（8）照射测量区域（7）并测量从透过雾中的雾或光（3）散射的光（2），从而检测在测量气体的冷却过程中产生的雾。 的光检测器（9）。 使用温度传感器（10）连续地监测测量区域的温度，使得当检测到雾时，该时刻的测量区域（7）的温度对应于所测量的气体的露点温度。

公开(公告)号：US07022056B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-04

申请号：US09871535

申请日：2001-05-31

申请人： Kari Holopainen ,  Jori Onnela ,  Juha Lahtinen ,  Ari Lehto

发明人： Kari Holopainen ,  Jori Onnela ,  Juha Lahtinen ,  Ari Lehto

IPC分类号： B29C43/46

CPC分类号： F16C13/028 ,  D21G1/022 ,  D21G1/0226 ,  Y10T29/49549 ,  Y10T29/49826

摘要： A method for fitting a tubular roll shell (2) of a roll (1) in a paper or board machine. In the method, the roll shell (2) is supported on a stationary roll shaft (3) by means of hydrostatic slide bearing elements (4a, 4b; 4a′, 4b′; 5a, 5b; 5a′, 5b′), acting on the roll shell (2) in radially opposite directions, at least in the direction of a plane co-directional with a first plane or a plane parallel to a primary loading (F) and in a plane substantially lateral to a plane co-directional with the primary loading (F). The slide bearing elements (4a, 4b, 4a′, 4b′, 5a, 5b, 5a′, 5b′) are loaded hydraulically by means of a pressure fluid. The lateral bearing elements (4a, 4b; 4a′, 4b′) acting in radially opposite directions have a hydrostatic pressure thereof adjusted by means of a regulator (20) having feedback connection with the main bearing elements (5a, 5b, 5a′, 5b′) acting in the direction of a plane co-directional with the primary loading (F) to comply at a predetermined ratio with the maximum hydrostatic pressure of the main bearing elements (5a, 5b, 5a′, 5b′) acting on the roll shell (2). The invention relates further to an apparatus for applying the method.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在纸或纸板机中装配卷（1）的管状辊壳（2）的方法。 在该方法中，辊壳（2）通过静压滑动轴承元件（4a，4b; 4aa，4ba; 5a，5b; 5a）支撑在固定辊轴（3）上 至少在与第一平面或平行于主负载（F）的平面相同的平面的平面方向上，并且在平面上沿着径向相反的方向在辊壳（2）上作用在辊壳 基本上横向于与主负载（F）同向的平面。 通过压力流体液压地承载滑动轴承元件（4a，4b，4a'，4b'，5a，5b，5a，5b'）。 作用在径向相反方向上的横向轴承元件（4a，4b; 4a'，4b'）具有通过调节器（20）调节的静水压力，调节器（20）具有与主轴承元件（5a， 5 b，5 a'，5 b'）沿与主负载（F）同向的平面方向作用，以与主轴承元件（5a，5b）的最大流体静力压力 ，5a，5b）作用在辊壳（2）上。 本发明还涉及一种应用该方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US06699164B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-02

申请号：US09913678

申请日：2002-01-29

申请人： Juha Lahtinen ,  Ari Lehto ,  Jori Onnela ,  Esa Lensu ,  Pekka Kivioja ,  Aki Mikkola

发明人： Juha Lahtinen ,  Ari Lehto ,  Jori Onnela ,  Esa Lensu ,  Pekka Kivioja ,  Aki Mikkola

IPC分类号： B23P1500

CPC分类号： F16C13/04 ,  D21G1/022 ,  D21G1/0226

摘要： The invention relates to a method for providing a roll (1) for a paper machine with sliding bearings, the roll comprising a stationary roll axle (3) and a tubular roll mantle (2) arranged to revolve around it. In the method, the roll mantle (2) is supported on the roll axle (3) by means of hydraulic sliding bearing members (4a, 4b, 5a, 5b; 25, 28; 40a, 40b) which are arranged to accomplish radial fitting with bearings of the roll mantle in the loading direction and in the lateral direction with respect to it, and the axial fitting with bearings of the roll mantle. The sliding bearing members are loaded by means of a hydraulic medium, the feed of which to the sliding bearing members is controlled by means of control valves (6; 30; 40). In the method relating to the invention, when loading (F) is applied to the sliding bearing member (4a, 4b) effective in the loading direction, the loading force applied to the sliding bearing member (4a, 4b) subject to an external load due to the loading is compensated for automatically, essentially immediately, without an external control instruction, by means of the movement of the control valve (6) stem (60) of the sliding bearing member (4a, 4b) subject to loading, the said control valve (6) bringing about a rapid increase in the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the sliding bearing member (4a, 4b) subject to the external load, at the same time as the pressure of the medium supplied to the sliding bearing member (5a, 5b) located radially on the opposite side of the roll axle (3) in the loading direction is adjusted to a certain minimum value, whereby the bearings of the roll mantle are rendered so as to be essentially without stroke. The invention also relates to a roll for a paper machine which is provided with sliding bearings.