公开(公告)号：US20120295425A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-22

申请号：US13525539

申请日：2012-06-18

Applicant: Changsoon KIM ,  Stephen R. FORREST

Inventor： Changsoon KIM ,  Stephen R. FORREST

IPC: H01L21/20

CPC classification number: H01L51/0022 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0004 ,  H01L51/0516 ,  H01L51/0545

Abstract: Methods of transferring a metal and/or organic layer from a patterned stamp, preferably a soft, elastomeric stamp, to a substrate are provided. The patterned metal or organic layer may be used for example, in a wide range of electronic devices. The present methods are particularly suitable for nanoscale patterning of organic electronic components.

Abstract translation: 提供了将金属和/或有机层从图案化的印模，优选软的弹性体印模转移到基底的方法。 图案化的金属或有机层可以用于例如广泛的电子器件中。 本发明的方法特别适用于有机电子元件的纳米尺度图案化。

公开(公告)号：US20100080914A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-01

申请号：US12331062

申请日：2008-12-09

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Momchil T. MIHNEV ,  Andre D. TAYLOR ,  Xin XU

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Momchil T. MIHNEV ,  Andre D. TAYLOR ,  Xin XU

IPC: B05D1/32 ,  B05D1/28

CPC classification number: H01L51/0021

Abstract: A method is provided. A first layer is provided over a substrate, the first layer comprising a first material. A patterned second layer is applied over the first layer via stamping. The second layer comprising a second material. The second layer covers a first portion of the first layer, and does not cover a second portion of the first layer. The second portion of the first layer is removed via a subtractive process while the first portion of the first layer is protected from removal by the patterned second layer.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法。 第一层设置在衬底上，第一层包括第一材料。 图案化的第二层通过冲压施加在第一层上。 第二层包括第二材料。 第二层覆盖第一层的第一部分，并且不覆盖第一层的第二部分。 第一层的第二部分通过减法处理被去除，同时保护第一层的第一部分不被图案化的第二层移除。

公开(公告)号：US20090256476A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-15

申请号：US12489045

申请日：2009-06-22

Applicant: Mark E. THOMPSON ,  Yujian YOU ,  Andrei SHOUSTIKOV ,  Scott SIBLEY ,  Paul E. BURROWS ,  Stephen R. FORREST

Inventor： Mark E. THOMPSON ,  Yujian YOU ,  Andrei SHOUSTIKOV ,  Scott SIBLEY ,  Paul E. BURROWS ,  Stephen R. FORREST

IPC: H01J1/63

CPC classification number: H01L51/0084 ,  C07D487/22 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/10 ,  C09K2211/1003 ,  C09K2211/1007 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1033 ,  C09K2211/1074 ,  C09K2211/18 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  C09K2211/186 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0067 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0087 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/5221 ,  H01L51/5234 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H05B33/14 ,  H05B33/28 ,  Y10S428/917 ,  Y10T428/24942

Abstract: Organic light emitting devices are disclosed which are comprised of a heterostructure for producing electroluminescence wherein the heterostructure is comprised of an emissive layer containing a phosphorescent dopant compound. For example, the phosphorescent dopant compound may be comprised of platinum octaethylporphine (PtOEP), which is a compound having the chemical structure with the formula:

Abstract translation: 公开了由用于产生电致发光的异质结构组成的有机发光器件，其中异质结构由含有磷光掺杂剂化合物的发射层组成。 例如，磷光掺杂剂化合物可以由具有以下化学结构的化合物的铂八乙基卟吩（PtOEP）组成：

公开(公告)号：US20100187988A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-29

申请号：US12755159

申请日：2010-04-06

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Mark E. THOMPSON ,  Paul E. BURROWS ,  Linda Susan SAPOCHAK ,  Dennis Matthew MCCARTY

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Mark E. THOMPSON ,  Paul E. BURROWS ,  Linda Susan SAPOCHAK ,  Dennis Matthew MCCARTY

IPC: H01J1/62

CPC classification number: H01L51/5234 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/008 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5243 ,  H01L51/5246 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2224/24145 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H01L2924/01021 ,  H01L2924/01068 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias. The devices are substantially transparent when de-energized, making them useful for heads-up display applications.

Abstract translation: 多色有机发光器件采用由有机化合物制成的双异质结构器件的垂直层叠层。 垂直堆叠结构形成在具有ITO或类似金属的透明涂层的玻璃基底上以提供基底。 沉积在衬底上的是三个双异质结构器件的垂直堆叠布置，每个由异质结构器件制成，每个由合适的有机材料制成。 实施堆叠，使得具有最长波长的双异质结构位于堆叠的顶部。 这构成在顶部发射红光的装置，其中装置具有最短波长，即发射蓝光的装置，在堆叠的底部。 位于红色和蓝色的设备结构之间是绿色设备结构。 这些器件被配置为堆叠以提供阶梯轮廓，由此每个器件通过薄的透明导电接触层与另一个分离，以使来自每个器件的光能够透过半透明触点并通过下部器件结构，同时进一步启用 每个设备接收选择性偏差。 当断电时，这些器件基本上是透明的，使得它们对于平视显示器应用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US20130037095A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-14

申请号：US13543450

申请日：2012-07-06

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Christopher Kyle RENSHAW ,  Michael SLOOTSKY

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Christopher Kyle RENSHAW ,  Michael SLOOTSKY

IPC: H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0224

CPC classification number: H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/03926 ,  H01L31/0445 ,  H01L31/0687 ,  H01L31/0693 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  H01L31/1896 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: There is disclosed ultrahigh-efficiency single- and multi-junction thin-film solar cells. This disclosure is also directed to a substrate-damage-free epitaxial lift-off (“ELO”) process that employs adhesive-free, reliable and lightweight cold-weld bonding to a substrate, such as bonding to plastic or metal foils shaped into compound parabolic metal foil concentrators. By combining low-cost solar cell production and ultrahigh-efficiency of solar intensity-concentrated thin-film solar cells on foil substrates shaped into an integrated collector, as described herein, both lower cost of the module as well as significant cost reductions in the infrastructure is achieved.

Abstract translation: 公开了超高效率单结和多结薄膜太阳能电池。 本公开还涉及无衬底损伤的外延剥离（ELO）工艺，其使用无粘合剂，可靠和轻质的冷焊接接到基底上，例如结合塑料或金属箔，形成复合抛物线金属 箔集中器。 通过将低成本的太阳能电池生产和太阳能强度集中的薄膜太阳能电池的超高效率结合在成形为集成集成器的箔基板上，如本文所述，模块的较低成本以及基础设施的显着成本降低 已完成。

公开(公告)号：US20110215301A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-08

申请号：US11945910

申请日：2007-11-27

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST

IPC: H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/56

CPC classification number: H01L51/5036 ,  H01L2251/552

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having multiple separate emissive layers is provided. Each emissive layer may define an exciton formation region, allowing exciton formation to occur across the entire emissive region. By aligning the energy levels of each emissive layer with the adjacent emissive layers, exciton formation in each layer may be improved. Devices incorporating multiple emissive layers with multiple exciton formation regions may exhibit improved performance, including internal quantum efficiencies of up to 100%.

Abstract translation: 提供了具有多个分开的发射层的有机发光器件。 每个发射层可以限定激子形成区域，允许在整个发射区域上发生激子形成。 通过将每个发射层的能级与相邻发射层对准，可以提高每一层中的激子形成。 结合具有多个激子形成区域的多个发射层的器件可以表现出改进的性能，包括高达100％的内部量子效率。

公开(公告)号：US20110026553A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-03

申请号：US12511797

申请日：2009-07-29

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Stephane Kena-Cohen ,  Noel Giebink

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Stephane Kena-Cohen ,  Noel Giebink

IPC: H01S5/36 ,  H01S3/14 ,  H01S5/30

CPC classification number: H01S5/36 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01S5/041 ,  H01S5/183

Abstract: A device is provided. The device includes a first organic light emitting device, which further comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic emissive layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The device also includes a first laser device, which further comprises an optical cavity and an organic lasing material disposed within the optical cavity. A focus mechanism is disposed to focus light emitted by the first organic light emitting device onto the first laser device. Preferably, the focus mechanism provides light incident on the first laser device at least 10 times greater, and more preferably at least 100 times greater, in intensity than the light emitted by the first organic light emitting device.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种设备。 该器件包括第一有机发光器件，其还包括第一电极，第二电极和设置在第一电极和第二电极之间的有机发光层。 该装置还包括第一激光装置，该第一激光装置还包括设置在光腔内的光学腔和有机激光材料。 设置聚焦机构以将由第一有机发光器件发射的光聚焦到第一激光器件上。 优选地，聚焦机构提供入射到第一激光器件上的光的强度比由第一有机发光器件发射的光的强度高至少10倍，更优选至少100倍。

公开(公告)号：US20120285531A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-15

申请号：US13470938

申请日：2012-05-14

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Noel C. Giebink

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Noel C. Giebink

IPC: F21V13/08 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: H01L31/055 ,  G01J1/0422 ,  G01J1/0448 ,  G01J1/0488 ,  G01J1/4204 ,  G01J1/429 ,  H01L31/0543 ,  H01L31/0549 ,  Y02E10/52

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to focusing luminescent concentrators wherein directional emission, obtained by placing an absorber/emitter within a microcavity or photonic crystal, may be oriented by a macroscopic concentrator and focused to a point or line for 3D or 2D concentration, respectively. The focusing luminescent concentrators disclosed herein may provide high concentration ratios without the need for tracking, and may reduce re-absorption losses associated with conventional concentrators. The present disclosure further relates to photovoltaic cells and/or optical detector devices comprising a focusing luminescent concentrator. The devices and methods presently disclosed are also useful, for example, in solar, thermal and thermophotovolatic applications.

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及聚焦发光聚光器，其中通过将吸收器/发射器放置在微腔或光子晶体内而获得的定向发射可以分别由宏观聚光器定向并聚焦到用于3D或2D浓度的点或线。 本文公开的聚焦发光集中器可以提供高浓度比，而不需要跟踪，并且可以减少与常规浓缩器相关联的再吸收损失。 本公开还涉及包括聚焦发光聚光器的光伏电池和/或光学检测器装置。 目前公开的装置和方法在例如太阳能，热能和热光照应用中也是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US20120235125A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-20

申请号：US13400963

申请日：2012-02-21

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Brian E. Lassiter

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Brian E. Lassiter

IPC: H01L51/54 ,  H01L51/56

CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0047 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/006 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising a compound blocking layer located between an acceptor material and a cathode, the compound blocking layer comprising: at least one electron conducting material, and at least one wide-gap electron conducting exciton blocking layer. For example, 3,4,9,10 perylenetetracarboxylic bisbenzimidazole (PTCBI) and 1,4,5,8-napthalene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (NTCDA) function as electron conducting and exciton blocking layers when interposed between the acceptor layer and cathode. Both materials serve as efficient electron conductors, leading to a fill factor as high as 0.70. By using an NTCDA/PTCBI compound blocking layer structure increased power conversion efficiency is achieved, compared to an analogous device using a conventional blocking layers shown to conduct electrons via damage-induced midgap states.

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及包含位于受主材料和阴极之间的化合物阻挡层的光敏光电子器件，所述化合物阻挡层包括：至少一种电子传导材料和至少一个宽间隙电子传导激子阻挡层。 例如，当介于受体层和阴极之间时，3,4,9,10苝四羧酸双苯并咪唑（PTCBI）和1,4,5,8-四羧酸二酐（NTCDA）作为电子传导和激子阻断层发挥作用。 这两种材料都是高效的电子导体，导致高达0.70的填充因子。 与使用传统阻挡层的类似器件相比，通过使用NTCDA / PTCBI化合物阻挡层结构提高了功率转换效率，所示的传统阻挡层通过损伤诱导的中间隙状态传导电子。

公开(公告)号：US20100258821A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-14

申请号：US12731249

申请日：2010-03-25

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Michael Slootsky ,  Richard Lunt

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Michael Slootsky ,  Richard Lunt

IPC: H01L51/52

CPC classification number: H01L51/5203 ,  H01L27/3244 ,  H01L33/24 ,  H01L51/5271 ,  H01L51/5275 ,  H01L2251/5315

Abstract: A first device is provided. The first device includes an organic light emitting device, which further comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic emissive layer disposed between the first and second electrode. Preferably, the second electrode is more transparent than the first electrode. The organic emissive layer has a first portion shaped to form an indentation in the direction of the first electrode, and a second portion shaped to form a protrusion in the direction of the second electrode. The first device may include a plurality of organic light emitting devices. The indentation may have a shape that is formed from a partial sphere, a partial cylinder, a pyramid, or a pyramid with a mesa, among others. The protrusions may be formed between adjoining indentations or between an indentation and a surface parallel to the substrate.

Abstract translation: 提供第一个设备。 第一器件包括有机发光器件，其还包括设置在第一和第二电极之间的第一电极，第二电极和有机发光层。 优选地，第二电极比第一电极更透明。 有机发光层具有成形为在第一电极的方向上形成凹陷的第一部分和形成为在第二电极的方向上形成突起的第二部分。 第一装置可以包括多个有机发光装置。 凹陷可以具有由局部球体，部分圆柱体，金字塔形或具有台面的金字塔等形成的形状。 突起可以形成在相邻的凹陷之间或者在凹陷和平行于基底的表面之间。