摘要:
An electrical machine comprises a four-pole stator 2 provided with a field winding 10 and an armature winding 11, each of the windings 10, 11 being split into two coils 22, 23 or 24, 25 closely coupled and wound so that diametrically opposite portions of both coils are disposed within diametrically opposite stator slots. A two-pole rotor (not shown) without windings is rotatable within the stator 2, and a circuit is provided for energising the armature coils 24 and 25 when direct current is supplied to terminals 26 and 27 of the circuit. Switches 28 and 29 in series with the coils 24 and 25 are switched alternately to effect alternate energisation of the coils 24 and 25 so as to generate, as a result of the opposite winding of the coils, magnetomotive forces in opposite directions. Since each of the closely coupled coil 24 and 25 generates a magnetomotive force in a respective direction, each coil needs to be energised with current in only one direction so that a relatively simple excitation circuit can be used.
摘要:
A switched reluctance electrical machine system including a switched reluctance machine, a rechargeable DC energy store and principle voltage terminals connectable to an external power source. The switched reluctance machine comprises a rotor, a stator and windings wherein the windings include at least two closely-coupled coils and a power converter for controlling current flow in the windings. The power converter has first and second circuits. The first circuit contains one of the closely-coupled coils and the principle voltage terminals while the second circuit contains the other of the closely-coupled coils and the energy store. A first switching arrangement is connected in series with the coils in the first circuit and a second switching arrangement is connected in series with the coils in the second circuit. An electronic controller controls the switching arrangements so that, in a first operational mode, current flows in one direction in the coils during normal machine operation and, in a second operational mode, current flows in the coils in the opposite direction to charge the energy store from an external power source.
摘要:
Methods of forming dielectric films with increased density and improved film properties are provided. The methods involve exposing dielectric films to microwave radiation. According to various embodiments, the methods may be used to remove hydroxyl bonds, increase film density, reduce or eliminate seams and voids, and optimize film properties such as dielectric constant, refractive index and stress for particular applications. In certain embodiments, the methods are used to form conformal films deposited by a technique such as PDL. The methods may be used in applications requiring low thermal budgets.
摘要:
Improved methods for preparing a low-k dielectric material on a substrate using microwave radiation are provided. The use of microwave radiation allows the preparation of low-k films to be accomplished at low temperatures. According to various embodiments, microwave radiation is used to remove porogen from a precursor film and/or to increase the strength of the resulting porous dielectric layer. In a preferred embodiment, methods involve (a) forming a precursor film that contains a porogen and a structure former on a substrate, (b) exposing the precursor film to microwave radiation to remove the porogen from the precursor film to thereby create voids within the dielectric material and form the porous low-k dielectric layer and (c) exposing the dielectric material to microwave radiation in a manner that increases the mechanical strength of the porous low-k dielectric layer.
摘要:
Vehicular cargo of a vehicle transporter is supported by elongate vehicle support members. Elevated vehicle support members are supported above the vehicular frame of the transporter and moved by screw actuators that are self-locking.
摘要:
Vehicular cargo of a vehicle transporter is supported by elongate vehicle support members. Elevated vehicle support members are supported above the vehicular frame of the transporter and moved by screw actuators that are self-locking.
摘要:
The hand held flat flash light about the size of a cell phone with a 1 degree lens collimator, a rechargeable battery contained in the body, an on/off switch and one or more LED's that emit a high energy beam of light or spot light.
摘要:
An arrow fletching device with plate clamp, as well as features and aspects thereof, provides an arrow builder the means to accurately and repeatedly position fletching against the shaft of an arrow, without a spring loaded butterfly clamp component, and securely hold the fletching thereto until a bond is attained between the fletching and arrow shaft via an adhesive. Exemplary embodiments of an arrow fletching device with a plate clamp are, generally, jig apparatuses operable to precisely position an arrow shaft relative to an arrow fletching. More particularly, exemplary embodiments of an arrow fletching device comprise a plate component, in lieu of a spring-loaded butterfly clamp, useful for receiving, positioning and retaining fletching against the shaft of an arrow. Advantageously, the use of a plate component with a specifically profiled slot operable to receive and position a fletching reduces the steps required to adhere a fletching to an arrow shaft as well as mitigates the probability of improper installation of the fletching.