摘要:
A CMP semiconductor wafer planarization method is provided employing an aqueous solution of a trialkanol amine as a wafer cleaning solution. Wafers are produced exhibiting a substantial reduction in semiconductor device failures as shown by a significant decrease in m.sub.1- m.sub.1 (metal to metal) shorts.
摘要:
A collar is provided that can be used to either drive posts into the ground or remove posts from the ground. The collar includes a first portion defining a post opening adapted for coupling about a post, and a second portion coupled to the first portion. The second portion includes a receiver adapted for receiving a tool for use in driving the post into the ground when the first portion is coupled about the post. The first portion defines an obtuse angle with respect to the second portion. The collar is configured to be positioned in a first orientation about a post when used to drive the post into the ground, and a second orientation, rotated approximately 180 degrees relative to the first orientation, when used to remove a post from the ground.
摘要:
The present invention provides a star-connected network (C1-C4, P1-P8) having a number of peripheral nodes (P1-P8) and a central control arrangement (C1-C4). Each peripheral node has means for restricting communications across the network to the central control arrangement using a respective encrypted connection unless the peripheral node has received explicit authorisation from the control arrangement to set up a direct connection with another peripheral node. The central control arrangement comprises: means for establishing an encrypted connection with each peripheral node; means for exchanging control packets with two or more peripheral nodes using two or more respective encrypted connections in order to set up an authorised connection between two peripheral nodes; a database storing security policy information specifying what connections between peripheral nodes are allowable; and authorisation means for authorising connections which are allowable according to the stored security policy information using the control packet exchanging means.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for securely encrypting data is disclosed. Conventional protections against the loss or theft of sensitive data such as full disk encryption are not effective if the device is, or has recently been, running when captured or found because the keys used for full disk encryption will still be in memory and can be used to decrypt the data stored on the disk. Some devices, such as devices which gather sensitive data in use, must run in environments in which they might be captured by a person seeking access to the sensitive data already recorded by the device. An encryption method is proposed in which files on a recorder's persistent memory are initialised with pseudo-random masking data whilst the recorder is in a relatively secure environment. One or more parameters which can be used to re-create the pseudo-random masking data are encrypted with a public key using a public-key encryption algorithm and stored on the recorder. The device's memory is then purged to remove the one or more parameters. Later, when miming in a relatively insecure environment, the sensitive data is encrypted (414) using a symmetric encryption algorithm, and combined (418) with the masking data previously stored in the storage file. When the encrypted files are transferred to a reader device with access to the corresponding private key, the masking data can be recreated, the symmetric encryption reversed and the sensitive data recovered. However, an adversary without the private key cannot recreate the masking data, and is thus unable to recover the sensitive data even with the symmetric encryption key which he might successfully extract from the recorder's volatile memory.
摘要:
The invention relates to the provision of two novel crystalline forms I and II for 5-amino-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione sodium salt. Surprisingly, it was discovered that form I and form II have differing immunological effects. This advantageous property is useful for immunospecific applications. In addition, both forms have advantageous physicochemical properties, which are useful in the production, further processing and/or use of a pharmaceutical preparation of form I or form II or a mixture of both.
摘要:
A clutch support for supporting a clutch hub of a clutch such that the clutch hub is rotatable is described. The clutch hub comprises a flange that is fixable at clutch housing or the like; a substantially cylindrical element for receiving the clutch hub such that the clutch hub is rotatable; and a sleeve with at least one groove formed therein for providing at least one channel that allows oil to be supplied to the clutch through this channel. The sleeve is manufactured substantially without any chip removing machining action. This achieves the goal to provide a clutch support that can be manufactured in a simple manner and at comparatively low cost.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a three-way call detection system and method for detecting the addition of a third party to a pre-existing telephonic connection between a first party and a second party. The system includes a meter for measuring the amplitude of a line voltage of a telephonic connection between two parties, a first filter to remove a frequency band from the line voltage, a white noise generator for generating a low level white noise signal in the removed frequency band, a coupler for combining the white noise signal with the filtered signal, to create an additive line voltage, a second filter that passes only a portion of the additive line voltage including at least a portion of the white noise signal, and a processor for monitoring the passed signal for a shift in amplitude level associated with the addition of a third party to the connection.
摘要:
Systems and methods of remanufacturing an imaging cartridge including the replacement an organic photo conductor (OPC) drum in the imaging cartridge having end caps which are fixedly secured to the waste bin or other portion of the toner cartridge. In one aspect, the method involves removing the existing OPC drum without detaching the end caps and installing a replacement OPC drum without disturbing the end caps.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a three-way call detection system and method for detecting the addition of a third party to a pre-existing telephonic connection between a first party and a second party. The system comprises: a meter for measuring the amplitude of a line voltage of a telephonic connection between a first party and a second party, said line voltage having a frequency band F1; a first filter to remove a frequency band F2 from said line voltage and output a filtered signal, said frequency band F2 being a subset of F1; a white noise generator for generating a low level white noise signal with a frequency band that corresponds to F2 and with an amplitude that is significantly below an amplitude level of the measured line voltage for frequency band F2; a coupler for combining the low level white noise signal to the filtered signal, thereby outputting an additive line voltage; a second filter that passes only a portion of the additive line voltage, said signal that passes being referred to as the band-passed signal, said band-passed signal having a frequency range F3, said frequency band F3 being a subset of F1 and being inclusive of F2; and a processor for processing the band-passed signal and determining a baseline amplitude level associated with a two-way call. The processor monitors the band-passed signal in the time domain for a shift in baseline amplitude level, which shift is associated with the addition of a third party to the telephonic connection. The white noise being added is preferably at least 3 dB below the amplitude level of the measured line voltage, more preferably at least 10 dB, more preferably at least 20 db, and most preferably 40 db below. The frequency band F2 is selected from F1 to be significantly large enough to permit more reliable detection, and yet small enough to be barely perceptible to the listener. For example, F2 may comprise the frequencies from 1–2 KHz. An F2 of 1–1.3 KHz. also functions well.
摘要:
The invention provides a composition useful in the construction industry for the prevention or remediation of mold growth in a man made structure. The composition contains an extruded milo matrix incorporating terpenes, phytoalexins. calcium propionate or combinations of these chemicals having antifungal activity. Methods of making and using the compositions are also disclosed.