公开(公告)号：US6135863A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US295127

申请日：1999-04-20

申请人： David Zhang ,  Ralph V. Vogelgesang ,  Henry F. Erk

发明人： David Zhang ,  Ralph V. Vogelgesang ,  Henry F. Erk

IPC分类号： B24B53/007 ,  B24B53/017 ,  B24B57/02 ,  H01L21/304 ,  B24B1/00 ,  B24B7/00

CPC分类号： B24B53/017 ,  B24B57/02

摘要： A method of conditioning a polishing pad for use with a polishing machine. The method includes installing the polishing pad to be conditioned on the polishing machine's platen and applying a conditioning load force to the pad. In addition, the method includes supplying a slurry to the pad at a conditioning flow rate. The conditioning load force is greater than a polishing load force applied during a conventional wafer polishing cycle to compress the pad and the conditioning flow rate is greater than a polishing flow rate at which the slurry is supplied during the wafer polishing cycle to load the pad's pores with abrasive material. The method also includes the step of operating the polishing machine for a conditioning cycle while applying the conditioning load force and supplying the slurry at the conditioning flow rate. In this manner, the polishing pad is conditioned for use with the polishing machine for subsequently polishing the semiconductor wafers with the conditioned pad.

摘要翻译： 调整用于抛光机的抛光垫的方法。 该方法包括将待调理的抛光垫安装在抛光机的压板上并对衬垫施加调节负载力。 此外，该方法包括以调节流量向浆料供应浆料。 调节负载力大于在常规晶片抛光循环期间施加的用于压缩衬垫的抛光负载力，并且调节流速大于在晶片抛光循环期间供应浆料以加载垫的孔的抛光流速 用磨料。 该方法还包括在施加调节负载力并在调节流量下供给浆料的同时操作抛光机用于调节循环的步骤。 以这种方式，抛光垫被调理用于抛光机，随后用调节垫抛光半导体晶片。

公开(公告)号：US06189546B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-20

申请号：US09473669

申请日：1999-12-29

申请人： David Zhang ,  Sharon Brumer ,  Henry F. Erk

发明人： David Zhang ,  Sharon Brumer ,  Henry F. Erk

IPC分类号： H01L21302

CPC分类号： H01L21/02024 ,  C09K3/1463

摘要： A multi-step polishing process for producing dopant-striation-free semiconductor wafers. The process includes polishing a surface of the wafer using a sodium stabilized colloidal silica slurry, an amine accelerant, and an alkaline etchant, polishing the surface of the wafer using a sodium stabilized colloidal silica slurry and an alkaline etchant which is substantially free of amine accelerants, and polishing the surface of the wafer using an ammonia stabilized colloidal silica slurry and an alkaline etchant which is substantially free of amine accelerants.

摘要翻译： 用于生产无掺杂物条的半导体晶片的多步抛光工艺。 该方法包括使用钠稳定的胶体二氧化硅浆料，胺促进剂和碱性蚀刻剂抛光晶片的表面，使用钠稳定的胶体二氧化硅浆料和基本上不含胺促进剂的碱性蚀刻剂抛光晶片的表面 ，并使用氨稳定的胶体二氧化硅浆料和基本上不含胺促进剂的碱性蚀刻剂抛光晶片的表面。

公开(公告)号：US06376335B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09506105

申请日：2000-02-17

申请人： David Zhang ,  Kanyin Ng ,  Henry F. Erk

发明人： David Zhang ,  Kanyin Ng ,  Henry F. Erk

IPC分类号： H01L21322

CPC分类号： H01L21/02008 ,  H01L21/3221

摘要： A semiconductor wafer manufacturing process is disclosed wherein extremely flat, double side polished semiconductor wafers having enhanced gettering characteristics on the back surface are produced. The process includes creating an enhanced gettering layer on the back surface of a double side polished semiconductor wafer. A protective layer is subsequently grown on the enhanced gettering layer and the wafer is subsequently subjected to a second double side polishing operation. Finally, the protective layer is removed and the front surface final polished to produce an extremely flat semiconductor wafer having enhanced gettering characteristics on the back surface.

摘要翻译： 公开了半导体晶片制造方法，其中制造了在背面具有增强的吸气特性的非常平坦的双面抛光半导体晶片。 该方法包括在双面抛光半导体晶片的背面上形成增强的吸气层。 随后在增强的吸气层上生长保护层，随后对晶片进行第二次双面抛光操作。 最后，去除保护层，最后抛光正面以产生在背面具有增强的吸气特性的非常平坦的半导体晶片。

公开(公告)号：US11475979B2

公开(公告)日：2022-10-18

申请号：US16308346

申请日：2017-06-07

申请人： Xuemeng Zhang ,  Zheng Fang ,  Ruojia Wu ,  Wei Duan ,  David Zhang ,  William Marsh Rice University

发明人： Xuemeng Zhang ,  Zheng Fang ,  Ruojia Wu ,  Wei Duan ,  David Zhang

IPC分类号： G16B25/00

摘要： Embodiments of methods, systems, and tangible non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions are presented. A method includes calculating a plurality of feature values for a number of bioinformatic features of the desired hybridization reaction; and calculating distances between the plurality of feature values and corresponding database rate constant values stored in a database, the database comprising a plurality of hybridization reactions having known rate constants. The method additionally includes calculating a weighted average of a logarithm of the database rate constant values, with larger weights assigned to value instances having values lower in distance to the plurality of feature values of the desired hybridization reaction; and providing the weighted average as a predicted logarithm of the rate constant of the desired hybridization reaction.

公开(公告)号：US08815507B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-26

申请号：US13051602

申请日：2011-03-18

申请人： David Zhang

发明人： David Zhang

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C12P19/34 ,  C07H21/02 ,  C07H21/04 ,  C12N15/11 ,  C07H21/00

CPC分类号： C07H21/00 ,  C12N15/111 ,  C12N2320/50 ,  C12Q1/6823 ,  C12Q1/6832 ,  C12Q2537/1373 ,  C12Q2537/161 ,  C12Q2537/162 ,  C12Q2545/114

摘要： A two-stranded intermediary complex and cooperative hybridization method are provided. The complex has been designed so that target oligonucleotides of independent sequence can cooperatively and simultaneously hybridize to it. The cooperative hybridization mechanism is robust and modular, smoothly integrating with other dynamic DNA components to form cascaded reaction networks that can perform a variety of functions.

摘要翻译： 提供了双链中间体复合物和协同杂交方法。 复合物被设计成使得独立序列的靶寡核苷酸可以协同并同时杂交。 合作杂交机制是鲁棒和模块化的，与其他动态DNA组件顺利整合，形成可以执行各种功能的级联反应网络。

公开(公告)号：US20110306758A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-15

申请号：US13051602

申请日：2011-03-18

申请人： David Zhang

发明人： David Zhang

IPC分类号： C07H21/00

CPC分类号： C07H21/00 ,  C12N15/111 ,  C12N2320/50 ,  C12Q1/6823 ,  C12Q1/6832 ,  C12Q2537/1373 ,  C12Q2537/161 ,  C12Q2537/162 ,  C12Q2545/114

摘要： A two-stranded intermediary complex and cooperative hybridization method are provided. The complex has been designed so that target oligonucleotides of independent sequence can cooperatively and simultaneously hybridize to it. The cooperative hybridization mechanism is robust and modular, smoothly integrating with other dynamic DNA components to form cascaded reaction networks that can perform a variety of functions.

摘要翻译： 提供了双链中间体复合物和协同杂交方法。 复合物被设计成使得独立序列的靶寡核苷酸可以协同并同时杂交。 合作杂交机制是鲁棒和模块化的，与其他动态DNA组件顺利整合，形成可以执行各种功能的级联反应网络。

公开(公告)号：US20060183329A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

申请号：US10547772

申请日：2004-03-02

申请人： Charles Leung ,  David Zhang ,  Morris Young

发明人： Charles Leung ,  David Zhang ,  Morris Young

IPC分类号： C03C15/00 ,  H01L21/302 ,  H01L21/306

CPC分类号： H01L21/67115 ,  C30B29/42 ,  C30B33/00 ,  H01L21/67109

摘要： An apparatus and method of treating multiple wafers to reduce the density of impurities as well as to improve the uniformity of substrate electrical characteristics without any thermal stress. The wafers are chemically treated, and heat treated in a sealed reaction tube under arsenic overpressure with a controlled thermal profile to heat the wafers. The thermal profile controls temperature of different zones inside of a furnace containing the sealed reaction tube. Impurities of the wafers are dissolved, and are out-diffused from the inner portions to the outer portions of the wafers.

摘要翻译： 一种处理多个晶片以降低杂质密度以及提高基板电气特性的均匀性而没有任何热应力的装置和方法。 晶片被化学处理，并在密封的反应管中在砷过压下用受控的热分布热处理以加热晶片。 热分布控制包含密封反应管的炉内不同区域的温度。 晶片的杂质被溶解，并且从晶片的内部部分扩散到外部。

公开(公告)号：US07089398B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-08

申请号：US10632131

申请日：2003-07-31

申请人： David Zhang

发明人： David Zhang

IPC分类号： G06F12/06

CPC分类号： G06F12/1027 ,  G06F2212/652 ,  G06F2212/681

摘要： A method and system for resolving virtual addresses using a page size tag are described herein. In one embodiment, the method comprises translating a virtual memory address into physical memory address. According to the method, the translating includes producing a first page size tag and choosing an entry in a translation lookaside buffer, wherein the entry stores a second page size tag and a page frame number. The method also includes comparing the first page size tag with the second page size tag. The method also includes using the page frame number to form the physical memory address, if the first page size tag is less than or equal to the second page size tag.

摘要翻译： 这里描述了使用页面大小标签来解析虚拟地址的方法和系统。 在一个实施例中，该方法包括将虚拟存储器地址转换为物理存储器地址。 根据该方法，翻译包括产生第一页面尺寸标签并选择翻译后备缓冲器中的条目，其中该条目存储第二页面大小标签和页面帧号码。 该方法还包括将第一页大小标签与第二页大小标签进行比较。 如果第一页大小标签小于或等于第二页大小标签，则该方法还包括使用页框号来形成物理存储器地址。

公开(公告)号：US20060082345A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-20

申请号：US11211433

申请日：2005-08-26

申请人： Josef Daniel-Ivad ,  David Zhang

发明人： Josef Daniel-Ivad ,  David Zhang

IPC分类号： H02J7/00

CPC分类号： H01M10/4207 ,  H01M4/50 ,  H01M10/24 ,  H01M10/465 ,  H02J7/0016 ,  H02J7/0029 ,  H02J2007/0037 ,  Y02E60/124

摘要： A rechargeable alkaline manganese (RAM) battery or battery pack comprising an overcharging protection circuit that allows the RAM battery or battery pack to be charged using a charging circuit designed for use with a different type of rechargeable battery, for example a NiCd or NiMH rechargeable battery. The battery of the present invention is particularly advantageous as a replacement battery for use in devices having an embedded charging circuit designed for use with NiCd or NiMH batteries. The overcharging protection circuit may be provided in a battery pack that allows the individual RAM cells to be removed and replaced. Alternatively, the overcharging protection circuit may be installed in the device itself. When the battery pack is provided as original equipment in an electronic device, an activation key may be provided that prevents discharge of the batteries before the device is used.

摘要翻译： 一种可充电碱性锰（RAM）电池或电池组，其包括过充保护电路，其允许使用设计用于与不同类型的可充电电池（例如NiCd或NiMH可充电电池）一起使用的充电电路对RAM电池或电池组进行充电 。 本发明的电池作为用于具有设计用于NiCd或NiMH电池的嵌入式充电电路的装置中的替代电池是特别有利的。 过充电保护电路可以设置在允许单个RAM单元被移除和更换的电池组中。 或者，过充电保护电路可以安装在设备本身中。 当将电池组作为原始设备提供在电子设备中时，可以提供在使用设备之前防止电池放电的激活键。

公开(公告)号：US20050037353A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-17

申请号：US10492860

申请日：2002-10-15

申请人： David Zhang ,  Jizu Yi

发明人： David Zhang ,  Jizu Yi

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C12Q1/6844 ,  G01N33/58 ,  G01N33/53 ,  C12P19/34

CPC分类号： B82Y15/00 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  C12Q1/6844 ,  G01N33/58 ,  G01N33/588 ,  C12Q2563/179 ,  C12Q2525/307

摘要： The present invention relates to methods for identification and quantification of proteins expressed within a cell. The methods of the invention involve the separation of proteins based on their physical properties such as, for example, net charge, molecular weight, or immunoreactivity, followed by detection of said proteins using a number of different techniques including (i) ramification-extension amplification method (RAM); (ii) hybridization signal amplification method (HSAM); and (iii) detection with nanodots. The methods of the invention will have a variety of different uses including, but not limited to, uses for screening, for diagnosis and prognosis of disease. The methods of the invention are especially useful for identification of proteins that are not easily identified due to the small size of the protein, low concentration of the protein, or failure to separate proteins due to similar physical properties.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及鉴定和定量细胞内表达的蛋白质的方法。 本发明的方法包括基于它们的物理特性（例如净电荷，分子量或免疫反应性）分离蛋白质，然后使用许多不同的技术检测所述蛋白质，包括（i）分枝扩增扩增 方法（RAM）; （ii）杂交信号扩增法（HSAM）; 和（iii）用纳米点检测。 本发明的方法将具有各种不同的用途，包括但不限于筛选用途，疾病的诊断和预后。 本发明的方法特别可用于鉴定由于蛋白质的小尺寸，蛋白质的低浓度或由于相似的物理性质而不能分离蛋白质而不容易鉴别的蛋白质。