摘要:
In at least some embodiments, an apparatus includes a hydraulic directional control manifold and a plurality of electric piezopumps. The apparatus also includes an electric piezopump controller that operates the plurality of electric piezopumps in varying combinations to provide generation and directional control of hydraulic power to linear hydraulic actuators using localized closed-loop hydraulic fluid.
摘要:
In at least some embodiments, an apparatus includes a hydraulic directional control manifold and a plurality of electric piezopumps. The apparatus also includes an electric piezopump controller that operates the plurality of electric piezopumps in varying combinations to provide generation and directional control of hydraulic power to linear hydraulic actuators using localized closed-loop hydraulic fluid.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for attenuating unwanted aspects of lighting from a luminaire which is disposed to illuminate an object or objects being photographed. A light attenuating mask is disposed between the luminaire and the object or objects. The light attenuating mask may diffuse, obstruct, or otherwise modify projected light such that light intensity is diminished, unwanted reflections of the luminaire are suppressed, or other aspects of the light are altered. The mask may attach to the luminaire or may be free standing and separate therefrom.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for attenuating unwanted aspects of lighting from a luminaire which is disposed to illuminate an object or objects being photographed. A light attenuating mask is disposed between the luminaire and the object or objects. The light attenuating mask may diffuse, obstruct, or otherwise modify projected light such that light intensity is diminished, unwanted reflections of the luminaire are suppressed, or other aspects of the light are altered. The mask may attach to the luminaire or may be free standing and separate therefrom.
摘要:
The present invention provides a system for removing organic contaminants (216) from a copper seed layer that has been deposited on a semiconductor substrate (206). The present invention provides a housing (204) to enclose the semiconductor substrate within. An ultraviolet radiation source (210) is disposed within the housing. A treatment medium (208) is also provided within the housing. The semiconductor substrate is enclosed within the housing and exposed to the treatment medium. The ultraviolet radiation source exposes the semiconductor substrate to ultraviolet radiation, desorbing the contaminants from the seed layer.
摘要:
A method for selecting the state of a reconfigurable antenna installed at either the receiver or transmitter of a communication system is provided. The proposed method uses online learning algorithm based on the theory of multi-armed bandit to perform antenna state selection. The selection technique utilizes the Post-Processing Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PPSNR) as a reward metric and maximizes the long-term average reward over time. The performance of the learning based selection technique is empirically evaluated using wireless channel data. The data is collected in an indoor environment using a 2×2 MIMO OFDM system employing highly directional metamaterial Reconfigurable Leaky Wave Antennas. the learning based selection technique shows performance improvements in terms of average PPSNR and regret over conventional heuristic policies.
摘要翻译:提供了一种用于选择安装在通信系统的接收机或发射机处的可重新配置天线的状态的方法。 提出的方法使用基于多武装强盗理论的在线学习算法进行天线状态选择。 选择技术利用后处理信噪比(PPSNR)作为奖励度量,并使长期平均奖励随时间推移最大化。 使用无线信道数据对基于学习的选择技术的性能进行经验性评估。 使用采用高度定向的超材料可重构泄漏波天线的2×2 MIMO OFDM系统在室内环境中收集数据。 基于学习的选择技术显示了平均PPSNR的性能改进,并对传统启发式策略感到遗憾。
摘要:
Methods that test multibeam satellite communication systems, including its antennas and transponders. The methods use input power telemetry and output noise power to test satellite transponders and antennas while the satellite is in orbit. One method that tests a satellite receive antenna employs at least two earth stations, one for RF testing and one for telemetry and commanding, with each providing a backup for the other. Other methods may use one or more earth stations to perform testing. Methods are disclosed that generate receive antenna pattern measurements, transmit pattern measurements, input chain frequency response curves, input chain transfer curves, and output chain frequency response curves.
摘要:
The present invention provides a system for removing surface contaminants from a copper seed layer disposed upon a semiconductor substrate (210), in preparation for electrochemical deposition. An electrochemical deposition apparatus (202) is provided, having a contaminant remediation module (204) housed within. The semiconductor substrate (210) is transferred into the remediation module (204), where it is exposed in a reactive remediation system (216). Contaminants are removed from the surface of the copper seed layer, followed by an immediate transfer (212) of the substrate (210) from the remediation module (204) into a plating system (208) also housed within the electrochemical deposition apparatus (202).
摘要:
Methods that test multibeam satellite communication systems, including its antennas and transponders. The methods use input power telemetry and output noise power to test satellite transponders and antennas while the satellite is in orbit. One method that tests a satellite receive antenna employs at least two earth stations, one for RF testing and one for telemetry and commanding, with each providing a backup for the other. Other methods may use one or more earth stations to perform testing. Methods are disclosed that generate receive antenna pattern measurements, transmit pattern measurements, input chain frequency response curves, input chain transfer curves, and output chain frequency response curves.