公开(公告)号：US4888131A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-19

申请号：US357233

申请日：1989-05-26

申请人： Duane A. Goetsch ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Jose M. Vargas ,  Paul E. Eberly

发明人： Duane A. Goetsch ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Jose M. Vargas ,  Paul E. Eberly

IPC分类号： C01B3/40 ,  C01B3/44

CPC分类号： C01B3/40 ,  C01B3/44 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： Synthesis gas is produced by the reaction of light hydrocarbons, primarily methane, in a fluid bed reaction zone of attrition resistant nickel on alpha-alumina catalyst, with steam and oxygen and the conversion level is preserved by limiting the loss of nickel from the reaction and thereby limiting the back reaction of the synthesis gas to form methane in the presence of entrained catalyst in a cooling zone.

摘要翻译： 合成气通过轻烃（主要是甲烷）在α-氧化铝催化剂上的耐磨镍的流化床反应区与蒸汽和氧气反应而产生，通过限制镍从反应中的损失来保持转化水平， 从而限制在冷却区中夹带催化剂存在下合成气的反作用形成甲烷。

公开(公告)号：US4877550A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-31

申请号：US294854

申请日：1989-01-09

申请人： Duane A. Goetsch ,  Geoffrey R. Say

发明人： Duane A. Goetsch ,  Geoffrey R. Say

IPC分类号： C01B3/44

CPC分类号： C01B3/44

摘要： Light hydrocarbons, e.g., methane are converted to synthesis gas at elevated temperatures and pressures in the presence of a particulate catalyst, e.g., Ni/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The conversion of feed to synthesis gas is preserved by rapidly cooling the reaction production to a temperature below that which favors the back reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to form methane.

摘要翻译： 在诸如Ni / Al 2 O 3的颗粒催化剂存在下，轻烃（例如甲烷）在升高的温度和压力下转化为合成气。 通过将反应产物快速冷却到低于一氧化碳和氢气的反应以形成甲烷的温度的温度来保持进料到合成气的转化。

公开(公告)号：US5395406A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-07

申请号：US60371

申请日：1993-05-11

申请人： LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  Stephen M. Davis ,  Rocco A. Fiato ,  Geoffrey R. Say

发明人： LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  Stephen M. Davis ,  Rocco A. Fiato ,  Geoffrey R. Say

IPC分类号： B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J35/00 ,  C01F7/18 ,  B01J23/58

CPC分类号： B01J35/0006 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J2523/00

摘要： A structurally modified alumina useful as a catalyst support, or heat transfer solid for fluidized bed synthesis gas processing. A Group IIA metal, or metals, particularly magnesium and barium, is composited with a particulate alumina to provide a catalyst support, or alumina heat transfer solid, having increased resistance to sintering and agglomeration; properties which promote defluidization of the bed in conducting fluidized bed reactions at high temperatures. The particles of preference are represented by formulas (1) and (2), a composite particle being represented by formula (1), as follows:M.sub.x Al.sub.2 O.sub.3+x (1)with the core of the particle being represented by formula (2), as follows:M.sub.y Al.sub.2 O.sub.3+y (2)where in formulas (1) and (2) M is a Group IIA metal, x is a number ranging from about 0.01 to about 0.4 and is representative of the number of moles of the metal M per mole of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 y is a number equal to or greater than zero, and x is greater than y.

摘要翻译： 用作催化剂载体的结构改性氧化铝，或用于流化床合成气处理的传热固体。 IIA族金属或金属，特别是镁和钡与颗粒氧化铝复合以提供具有增加的耐烧结和附聚性能的催化剂载体或氧化铝传热固体; 促进床在高温下进行流化床反应的流化的性质。 优选的颗粒由式（1）和（2）表示，复合颗粒由式（1）表示，如下：颗粒的核心由式（2）表示的M x Al 2 O 3 + x（1） 如下：MyAl2O3 + y（2）其中式（1）和（2）中的M是IIA族金属，x是约0.01至约0.4的数，代表每个金属M的摩尔数 摩尔的Al 2 O 3 y是等于或大于零的数，x大于y。

公开(公告)号：US4180548A

公开(公告)日：1979-12-25

申请号：US972500

申请日：1978-12-22

申请人： Geoffrey R. Say ,  James R. Hays, Sr. ,  Jagannathan N. Iyengar

发明人： Geoffrey R. Say ,  James R. Hays, Sr. ,  Jagannathan N. Iyengar

IPC分类号： C07D245/02 ,  B01D53/14 ,  B01D53/40 ,  B01D53/64 ,  B01D53/77 ,  C07D233/34 ,  C07D239/10 ,  C07D243/04 ,  B01D53/34

CPC分类号： B01D53/1412 ,  B01D53/1425 ,  B01D53/1456

摘要： A cyclic urea reaction product forms as a by-product of a hindered amine acid gas scrubbing process and results in an ultimate buildup of the material in the circulating amine scrubbing solution. The buildup of this material has a deleterious effect on acid gas removal rates and accordingly, results in inefficient acid gas removal. In the process of the present invention, the cyclic urea degradation product is removed from the circulating solution by employing a selective precipitation of the cyclic urea followed by filtration. The selective precipitation is carried out by cooling the circulating solution to a particular temperature level such that the cyclic urea comes out of solution while the other components remain in solution.

摘要翻译： 环状尿素反应产物形成为受阻胺酸气洗涤工艺的副产物，并导致该循环胺洗涤溶液中物质的最终累积。 这种材料的积累对酸性气体去除速率具有有害的影响，因此导致无效的酸性气体去除。 在本发明的方法中，通过使用环状尿素的选择性沉淀，然后过滤，从循环溶液中除去环状脲分解产物。 通过将循环溶液冷却至特定的温度水平进行选择性沉淀，使得环状脲从溶液中排出，而其它组分保留在溶液中。

公开(公告)号：US5882614A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US12534

申请日：1998-01-23

申请人： James H. Taylor, Jr. ,  James P. Glass, Jr. ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Richard P. O'Connor

发明人： James H. Taylor, Jr. ,  James P. Glass, Jr. ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Richard P. O'Connor

IPC分类号： B01D53/02 ,  B01D53/48 ,  B01D53/81 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10L3/10 ,  C01B17/16 ,  C10G29/00

CPC分类号： C10G2/30 ,  B01D53/48 ,  B01D53/81 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C10L3/10

摘要： Very low sulfur content hydrocarbon gas is achieved by sequentially contacting the gas first with zinc oxide and then with nickel metal. This has reduced the total sulfur content of natural gas feed for a fluid bed syngas generator to less than 0.1 ppm and has resulted in greater syngas productivity. A zinc oxide guard bed downstream of the syngas generator reduces the total sulfur content of the syngas to less than 10 vppb and preferably less than 5 vppb. This very low sulfur content syngas is used for sulfur sensitive processes, such as hydrocarbon synthesis. The process is especially useful for natural gas which contains H.sub.2 S, COS, mercaptans and other sulfur bearing compounds.

公开(公告)号：US5360778A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-01

申请号：US60378

申请日：1993-05-11

申请人： Stephen M. Davis ,  LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Rocco A. Fiato

发明人： Stephen M. Davis ,  LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Rocco A. Fiato

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  C01B3/44 ,  C01B13/14 ,  C01F7/02 ,  C01F7/46 ,  B01J20/02 ,  B01J20/30 ,  B01J21/02

CPC分类号： C01B3/44 ,  B01J8/008 ,  C01B13/145 ,  C01F7/02 ,  C01F7/46 ,  C01P2002/85 ,  C01P2004/50 ,  C01P2004/61 ,  C01P2006/80 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： High surface purity heat transfer solids are formed, suitably by washing and treating particulate refractory inorganic solids, notably alumina, which contains as impurities up to about 0.5 wt. % silicon and/or up to about 500 wppm boron, with an acid, or dilute acid solution sufficient to reduce the concentration of silicon and boron in the outer peripheral surface layer of the particles, e.g., as measured inwardly toward the center of a particle to a depth of about 50 .ANG. using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to no greater than about 5 atom percent silicon and boron, preferably about 2 atom percent silicon and boron, based on the total number of cations within said outer peripheral surface layer, thereby reducing the tendency of said particles to sinter and agglomerate in the conversion of said hydrocarbon to hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a fluidized bed synthesis gas operation vis-a-vis particles otherwise similar except that the particles are not treated with the acid. The tendency of the particles to sinter and agglomerate is further reduced by the additional removal of sodium, iron, calcium, and titanium impurities from the outer peripheral surface layer of the particles. Preferably the latter named impurities, or impurities other than silicon and boron, are reduced to a concentration below about 20 atom %, more preferably to a concentration below about 15 atom %, in the outer surface layer of the particles.

摘要翻译： 适当地通过洗涤和处理颗粒耐火无机固体，特别是氧化铝来形成高表面纯度的热传递固体，其含有高达约0.5wt。 ％硅和/或高达约500wppm的硼，与酸或稀酸溶液相比足以降低颗粒外周表面层中硅和硼的浓度，例如向内朝向颗粒中心测量 基于所述外周表面层中的阳离子总数，使用X射线光电子能谱测量至约50AHZ的深度，不大于约5原子％的硅和硼，优选约2原子％的硅和硼，由此 降低了所述颗粒在流化床合成气操作中将所述烃转化为氢气和一氧化碳的过程中所述颗粒烧结和附聚的倾向，除了颗粒不用酸处理之外，颗粒否则相似。 通过从颗粒的外周表面层另外去除钠，铁，钙和钛杂质，进一步降低了颗粒烧结和附聚的倾向。 优选地，后者称为杂质或除了硅和硼之外的杂质，在颗粒的外表面层中被还原成低于约20原子％，更优选低于约15原子％的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US4282194A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-04

申请号：US122589

申请日：1980-02-19

申请人： Geoffrey R. Say ,  James R. Hays, Sr. ,  Jagannathan N. Iyengar ,  Barbara A. Hacker

发明人： Geoffrey R. Say ,  James R. Hays, Sr. ,  Jagannathan N. Iyengar ,  Barbara A. Hacker

IPC分类号： B01D53/14 ,  B01D53/52 ,  B01D53/34

CPC分类号： B01D53/1425 ,  B01D53/1456 ,  B01D53/1493 ,  B01D53/526 ,  Y02C10/06

摘要： Acidic gases such as carbon dioxide are removed from a normally gaseous mixture including the acidic component by contacting the gaseous mixture in an absorption zone with an acid absorbing scrubbing solution comprising a basic alkali metal compound and an activator for the compound, during which process at least a portion of the activator is converted to a cyclic urea. The solution is then transferred to the desorption zone to remove at least a portion of the absorbed acidic component. At least a portion of the partially desorbed scrubbing solution containing the cyclic urea is transferred from the desorption zone to a thermal conversion zone maintained at an elevated temperature wherein at least a portion of the cyclic urea is converted back to the activator. A portion of the scrubbing solution from the thermal conversion zone, relatively rich in the acidic component is vaporized and returned to the desorption zone, and another portion, relatively lean in the acidic component, is returned from the thermal conversion zone to the absorption zone.

摘要翻译： 通过使吸收区中的气体混合物与包含碱性碱金属化合物和化合物的活化剂的吸酸洗涤溶液接触，将酸性气体如二氧化碳从包括酸性组分的常规气态混合物中除去，在该过程中至少 活化剂的一部分转化为环状脲。 然后将溶液转移到解吸区以除去至少一部分吸收的酸性组分。 含有环状尿素的部分解吸附的洗涤溶液的至少一部分从解吸区转移到保持在高温下的热转化区，其中至少一部分环脲转化回活化剂。 相对富含酸性组分的来自热转化区的洗涤溶液的一部分被蒸发并返回到解吸区，并且酸性组分中相对贫的另一部分从热转化区返回到吸收区。

公开(公告)号：US06168768A

公开(公告)日：2001-01-02

申请号：US09012537

申请日：1998-01-23

申请人： Dennis G. Alexion ,  Robert B. Fedich ,  John C. Wilbur ,  James H. Taylor, Jr. ,  James P. Glass, Jr. ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Richard P. O'Connor

发明人： Dennis G. Alexion ,  Robert B. Fedich ,  John C. Wilbur ,  James H. Taylor, Jr. ,  James P. Glass, Jr. ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Richard P. O'Connor

IPC分类号： B01D4700

CPC分类号： C10L3/10 ,  B01D53/04 ,  B01D53/48 ,  B01D53/52 ,  B01D2253/112 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2256/20 ,  B01D2256/24 ,  B01D2257/30 ,  B01D2257/304 ,  B01D2257/306 ,  B01D2257/308 ,  B01D2258/06 ,  B01D2259/402

摘要： Sour natural gas is processed to remove the sulfur compounds and recover C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons by scrubbing the gas with an amine solution to remove most of the sulfur, followed cooling the gas to remove C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons and more sulfur compounds as liquid condensate to produce a gas having less than 20 vppm of total sulfur. The condensate is sent to a fractionator to recover the C4+C5+ hydrocarbons. The sulfur and hydrocarbon reduced gas is contacted first with zinc oxide and then nickel, to produce a gas having less than 10 vppb of total sulfur which is passed into a synthesis gas generating unit to form a very low sulfur synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H2 and CO. This synthesis gas is useful for hydrocarbon synthesis with increased life of the hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst and greater hydrocarbon production from the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor. Contacting the synthesis gas with zinc oxide further reduces the sulfur content to below 3 vppb.

摘要翻译： 处理酸性天然气以除去硫化合物并通过用胺溶液洗涤气体以除去大部分硫来回收C4 + / C5 +烃，然后冷却气体以除去C4 + / C5 +烃和更多的硫化合物作为液体冷凝物产生 总硫含量低于20ppm的气体。 将冷凝物送至分馏器以回收C4 + C5 +烃。 硫和烃还原气体首先与氧化锌和镍接触，以产生小于10vppb的总硫的气体，其通入合成气生成单元中以形成非常低的硫合成气，其包含H 2 和CO。该合成气可用于烃合成，烃合成催化剂的寿命增加，并且来自烃合成反应器的更大的烃产量。 将合成气与氧化锌接触进一步将硫含量降低至低于3 vppb。

公开(公告)号：US5588974A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-31

申请号：US416622

申请日：1995-04-04

申请人： Mark L. Tiller ,  James H. Taylor ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Norman J. Eger ,  Lawrence J. Delaune ,  Gerald A. Wilcox

发明人： Mark L. Tiller ,  James H. Taylor ,  Geoffrey R. Say ,  Norman J. Eger ,  Lawrence J. Delaune ,  Gerald A. Wilcox

IPC分类号： B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/24 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/44

CPC分类号： C01B3/44 ,  B01J8/1818 ,  B01J8/1827 ,  C01B3/363

摘要： Process, and apparatus, for the production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a reactor, preferably one containing a bed of a particulate solids catalyst, or catalyst and solids diluent, by contacting and reacting within the reaction zone a low molecular weight hydrocarbon feed, steam and oxygen, or a low molecular weight hydrocarbon feed and oxygen, at high temperature. An oxygen stream preheated to high temperature is fed via a nozzle inlet, or inlets, into the reactor, while the hydrocarbon and steam, or hydrocarbon, is fed via a different nozzle inlet, or inlets, into the reactor. Preferred oxygen nozzle designs are constituted of nickel-chromium-iron alloys, especially Inconel 600, and Inconel alloys of the 600 series generally. The oxygen nozzle is comprised of a tubular body with inlet, and outlets of special design, which renders the nozzle especially useful in the intensely hot oxygen environment.

摘要翻译： 方法和装置，用于在反应器中生产氢气和一氧化碳，优选含有颗粒固体催化剂床或催化剂和固体稀释剂的氢气和一氧化碳，通过在反应区内使低分子量烃进料，蒸汽 和氧气，或低分子量烃进料和氧气。 预热到高温的氧气流通过喷嘴入口或入口进料到反应器中，而烃和蒸汽或烃通过不同的喷嘴入口或入口进料到反应器中。 优选的氧气喷嘴设计由镍 - 铬 - 铁合金，特别是Inconel 600和一般600系列的Inconel合金构成。 氧气喷嘴由具有入口的管状体和特殊设计的出口组成，其使得喷嘴在强热的氧气环境中特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US5476877A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US346973

申请日：1994-11-29

申请人： LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  Stephen M. Davis ,  Rocco A. Fiato ,  Geoffrey R. Say

发明人： LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  Stephen M. Davis ,  Rocco A. Fiato ,  Geoffrey R. Say

IPC分类号： B01J21/06 ,  B01J23/83 ,  C01B3/40 ,  C07C27/00

CPC分类号： B01J21/066 ,  B01J23/83 ,  C01B3/40 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： A particulate, precalcined low silica content zirconia, especially one stabilizer with yttria, is useful as a catalyst support or as a heat transfer solids component for conducting chemical reactions at high temperature, in oxidizing, reducing or hydrothermal conditions, especially in syn gas operations. An admixture of precalcined particulate low silica content zirconia, particularly a low silica content yttria-stabilized zirconia, is employed in a preferred embodiment as a heat transfer solid, in concentrations ranging generally from about 10 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % with a particulate catalyst notably a nickel-on-alumina catalyst, in concentration ranging generally from about 0. 1 wt. % to about 90 wt. %. Such an admixture provides a particularly useful catalytic contact mass in high temperature oxidizing, reducing and hydrothermal environments, notably in conducting synthesis gas generation operations. This type of bed promotes continuous, highly efficient heat and mass transfer within the reacting gas phase. The presence of the heat transfer solid as a bed component maintains excellent bed fluidization characteristics, suppressing the normal tendency of the catalyst to sinter or agglomerate; tendencies which promote defluidization of the bed. Moreover, the heat transfer particles of the bed are highly attrition resistant, and are chemically compatible with the catalyst particles of the admixture.

摘要翻译： 颗粒状预煅烧的低二氧化硅含量的氧化锆，特别是具有氧化钇的一种稳定剂，可用作催化剂载体或用作在高温，氧化，还原或水热条件下进行化学反应的传热固体组分，特别是在合成气操作中。 预先煅烧的颗粒状低二氧化硅含量的氧化锆，特别是低二氧化硅含量氧化钇稳定的氧化锆的混合物在优选的实施方案中用作传热固体，浓度通常为约10重量％ ％至约99.9wt。 ％的颗粒催化剂，特别是镍 - 氧化铝催化剂，其浓度范围通常为约0.1重量％ ％至约90wt。 ％。 这种混合物在高温氧化，还原和水热环境中特别是在进行合成气生成操作中提供特别有用的催化接触物质。 这种类型的床促进在反应气相内的连续，高效的热和质量传递。 作为床成分的传热固体的存在保持了优异的床流化特性，抑制了催化剂烧结或附聚的正常趋势; 促进床层流变的趋势。 此外，床的传热颗粒是高度耐磨性的，并且与混合物的催化剂颗粒化学相容。