摘要:
A windshield wiper blade for a vehicle windshield wiper device features a wiper blade rubber made of a resiliently deformable material which exhibits a backing to which two parallel wiper lips are connected by means of a flexible neck and an intensive-cleaning element attached to each of the mutually remote longitudinal sides of the wiper lips, wherein the intensive-cleaning element leading relative to the direction of motion of the wiper blade rubber and the wiping edge of the trailing wiper lip contacts the windshield. In order to improve the wiping quality of the wiper blade rubber, both wiper lips exhibit an essentially triangular cross-section of standard wiper blade rubbers and are connected to the backing in such a way that, when the wiper is operating, each can be supported on the bottom side of the backing with a shoulder lying at the rear in relation to the direction of motion. In another variant designed to improve the wiping quality of the wiper blade rubber, the intensive-cleaning elements are formed by numerous individual segments mutually spaced along the length of the wiper blade rubber, with the segments of one intensive-cleaning element offset in the longitudinal direction relative to the segments of the other intensive-cleaning element.
摘要:
A water jet surgical instrument including a supply line for supplying a cutting fluid and a discharge nozzle for forming and discharging a fluid jet, wherein the fluid jet has a predetermined spread angle and/or a predetermined emergence energy. A jet shaping device is arranged relative to the discharge nozzle such that the fluid jet is able to be adjusted by the jet shaping device with regard to the spread angle and/or emergence energy thereof.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing a lignin-based substrate for soil improvement having a water-storing property, characterized by the following steps: providing lignin, oxidizing the lignin in either an aqueous alkaline suspension or a pH-neutral aqueous suspension, the pH-neutral aqueous suspension being converted into an alkaline substance after the lignin has been oxidized, cross-linking the lignin in an aqueous alkaline medium using multifunctional compounds, and neutralizing, drying, and comminuting the lignin.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of polyalkenylsuccinimide products, in particular polyisobutenylsuccinimide products, is proposed, in which a polyalkene is reacted with a maleic acid, maleic anhydride or a functional derivative thereof to give a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and the polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride is then reacted with an oligoamine or polyamine, the polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride either (a) first being reacted with an alcohol or phenol and, without isolation of the reaction product, then with the oligoamine or polyamine, or (b) the polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride being reacted with the oligoamine or polyamine in the presence of an alcohol or phenol and (c) if desired, the alcohol or the phenol then being removed. Novel polyalkenylsuccinimide products, in particular polyisobutenylsuccinimide products, and fuel additives are also proposed.
摘要:
The invention relates to an electrosurgical instrument that comprises two branches joined to one another in an articulated manner, which can be actuated to open or close in a manner corresponding to a clamping, spreading or cutting tool. The instrument further comprises electrode parts at distal ends of the branches, which are used for grasping tissue and passing a coagulation current through the tissue for the purpose of coagulating it and which are electrically insulated from one another, as well as current-supply devices to supply the coagulation current to the electrode parts. In addition, on at least at one electrode part, a cutting section designed as a cutting electrode is provided whereby the electrode part comprises the cutting section and a coagulation section. In addition a control unit is provided to control the HF current in such a way that when a threshold value characterizing a particular property of the grasped tissue has been reached, a cutting current different from the coagulation current is supplied to at least the cutting section.
摘要:
The invention relates to a substrate (1), especially a glass substrate, coated with at least one dielectric thin-film layer deposited by sputtering, especially magnetically enhanced sputtering and preferably reactive sputtering in the presence of oxygen and/or nitrogen, with exposure to at least one ion beam (3) coming from an ion source (4), characterized in that said dielectric layer exposed to the ion beam is crystallized.
摘要:
An applicator for an electrosurgical instrument, alternatively for argon-plasma coagulation and cutting, also argon-supported. The applicator includes a gas and high frequency current terminal, a cutting electrode attached to a gas and high frequency current supply pipe, an insulating cap for detachably fastening the applicator on the instrument handle, and an insulating casing tube displaceable relative to the applicator common longitudinal axis for exposing or covering the cutting electrode and surrounding the gas and high frequency current supply pipe over a longitudinal section, and a collar or an external right-angle bend at the casing tube distal end. At least one radially surrounding gas-sealing inhibiting device is arranged between an inside of the casing tube and an outside of the gas and high frequency current supply pipe, allowing that a respective position be frictionally fixed at any location of the displacement path of the casing tube.
摘要:
The invention relates to an electronic ballast comprising a step-up converter for operating a discharge lamp. The electronic ballast is embodied in such a way as to disconnect a switching element (T1) in the step-up converter when a maximum current value of the current flowing through the switching element is reached. The electronic ballast comprises a holding circuit (HS) which is provided with a time-function element (R27, C23) and is embodied in such a way that it sets the time-function element (R27, C23) when the switching element (TI) is disconnected and reconnects the switching element after a time interval defined by the time-function element (R27, C23).
摘要:
An electronic ballast presenting an input capacitor (C) and including a step-up converter (LH, DH, SH, CH) for operating a load, for example a discharge lamp (CFL), on a phase control dimmer (DIM) having an integrated or parasite inductance (L). According to the invention, excessive voltage after connection with a phase control can be reduced by adjusting currents via of the step-up converter (LH, DH, SH, CH).
摘要:
A method for the selective elevation and separation of tissues comprised of multiple layers and a surgical instrument for performing the method. The method may be performed without the requirement of a solid mechanical device insertion or transection through the mucosal layer. In particular, the method and surgical instrument may be used for the selected separation and/or resection of selected portions of benign or malignant tissues (e.g. defining tissue planes, polyp elevation and removal, submucosal tissue tunneling, endoscopic mucosa resection, etc).