摘要:
A chemical mechanical polishing aqueous dispersion includes: (A) an amino acid, (B) abrasive grains, (C) a surfactant, (D) an oxidizing agent, and (E) ammonia, the ratio (WA/WD) of the content (WA) of the amino acid to the content (WD) of the oxidizing agent being 1.5 to 6.0, and the ratio (WE/WD) of the content (WE) of the ammonia to the content (WD) of the oxidizing agent being 0.05 to 0.6.
摘要:
A heat-resistant ultrasonic sensor forms a piezo-electric ceramics film with a thickness of 0.5 mm or smaller and a Curie point of 200° C. or higher on a flexible metal plate. A thin metal film that is an electrode is attached to a top surface of the piezo-electric ceramics film and a metal wire mesh covers the thin metal film and is attached to a top surface of the thin metal film. A core of a heat-resistant coaxial cable is connected to the metal wire mesh at a connection point. The heat-resistant coaxial cable is fixed to the thin metal plate with a metal fixing member that is a ground portion. An electric insulating cover is attached to the thin metal plate and covers the piezo-electric ceramics film, the thin metal film, the metal wire mesh, the connection point, the fixing member, and the core of the coaxial cable.
摘要:
An ultrasonic inspection device allows position adjustment of three-dimensional inspection data and shape data to be easily performed on a display screen and allows a defect echo and a shape echo to be quickly identified. A calculator generates the three-dimensional inspection data from waveforms stored in a data storage unit. A three-dimensional display unit displays the three-dimensional inspection data generated by the calculator and the three-dimensional shape data on an object to be inspected. The calculator corrects the relative displayed positions of the three-dimensional inspection data and the three-dimensional shape data on the basis of a coordinate system defined by points and a surface that constitute a part of the three-dimensional shape data displayed by the three-dimensional display unit, and causes the three-dimensional display unit to display the three-dimensional inspection data and the three-dimensional shape data while the three-dimensional inspection data and the three-dimensional shape data overlap each other.
摘要:
A battery SoC estimation device includes a discharge-and charge current detection means 1, a terminal-voltage detection means 2, a current-integration SoC estimation means 3, an open-circuit-voltage SoC estimation means 4, an error estimation means 6, and an SoC calculating means 7. The estimation means 3 estimates a current-integration-method SoC (SoCi), calculating variance of current-integration-method SoC based on information on detection accuracy of the detection means 1. The estimation means 4 estimates an open-circuit-voltage-method SoC (SoCv) corresponding to an open circuit voltage value estimated based on a discharge-and-charge current value and a terminal voltage value, using a battery equivalent circuit model. The estimation means 6 estimates an estimate error ni of the current-integration-method SoC based on a difference between the SoCv and the SoCi, variance of the SoCi, and variance of the SoCv. The calculating means 7 calculates SoC of a battery based on the SoCi and the ni.
摘要:
A LCD device element of frequency modulation mode enables high speed on and off control of an electro-optical response by switching the frequency of applied electric field. The LCD device element is capable of changing a frequency modulation range freely. The LCD device element has conductive layers between two parallel substrates; liquid crystal (LC) alignment layers with pre-tilt angle on these conductive layers; and a LC layer between the two liquid crystal alignment layers. LC soluble particles (nanoparticles composing a core and a liquid crystal molecules or like molecules on its periphery), are in the LC layer. A control circuit applies voltage while modulating frequency on the conductive layer for varying light transmittance of the LC layer. Under a constant voltage, an electro-optical response is turned on by switching the frequency from low to high frequency and is turned off by switching the frequency from high to low frequency. The electro-optical response is varied also by varying voltage.
摘要:
A heat exchange system is provided in which low temperature water from a supply pump (15) is split and supplied to an auxiliary evaporator (17) provided so as to cover an exhaust port (16) extending from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion chamber (E) and to a main evaporator (11) provided downstream of the exhaust port (16). The direction of water flowing through the auxiliary evaporator (17) is parallel to the direction of flow of exhaust gas, and as a result an upstream section of the exhaust port (16), which has a high temperature, can be cooled effectively with low temperature water, and the escape of heat from the upstream section of the exhaust port (16) can be suppressed. The direction of water flowing through the main evaporator (11) is opposite to the direction of flow of exhaust gas, thus ensuring that there is a temperature difference between the water and the exhaust gas along the whole length of the water passage of the main evaporator (11) and enabling the heat exchange efficiency to be improved.
摘要:
A recording display medium is provided which can offer a high display contrast and is less likely to cause a lowering of contrast or disappearance of display even in low temperature and high temperature regions. A smectic liquid crystal composition, for use in the recording display medium, and use of the recording display medium are also provided. The liquid crystal composition comprises: at least one member selected from the group constituting of compounds represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms; and at least one member selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulae (II) to (VII): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 represent an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.3, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 represent an alkyl or alkoxy group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and X represents a halogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.
摘要:
A grid structure is presented in which grid cells are formed by orthogonally intersecting straps prefitted in the longitudinal direction with a plurality of slitted spring frame members. Therefore, when the straps are assembled, the spring frame members are also orthogonally intersected. The spring frame members are made of Inconel and provided with welding tabs while the straps are made of zircalloy and provided with their own welding tabs. Therefore, welding can be performed to firmly join the spring frame members to each other while the straps can also be welded firmly to weld the like metals. The spring sections are thus firmly joined and attached to the straps which are firmly joined. The grid of this configuration thus provides an excellent service life without the losing The fuel rod retaining power, which would result from neutron radiation and thermal damages on holding devices made of zircalloy.
摘要:
A parameter estimation device includes an input signal detecting means 3 that detects an input signal inputted to an object system 1 expressed by an equivalent circuit model 5A containing at least an integrator element COCV, an output signal detecting means 2 that detects an output signal outputted from the object system, an output differentiating means 4 that differentiates the output signal to obtain and output an output differential signal, a modified equivalent circuit model 5B where respective elements of the equivalent circuit model 5A are changed to non-integrator elements in such a way that the output when the input signal is inputted becomes an output differential signal, and an element parameter estimating means 5 that estimates the parameters corresponding to the respective elements based on the modified equivalent circuit model by using the signals.
摘要:
A parameter estimation device includes an input signal detecting means 3 that detects an input signal inputted to an object system 1 expressed by an equivalent circuit model 5A containing at least an integrator element COCV, an output signal detecting means 2 that detects an output signal outputted from the object system, an output differentiating means 4 that differentiates the output signal to obtain and output an output differential signal, a modified equivalent circuit model 5B where respective elements of the equivalent circuit model 5A are changed to non-integrator elements in such a way that the output when the input signal is inputted becomes an output differential signal, and an element parameter estimating means 5 that estimates the parameters corresponding to the respective elements based on the modified equivalent circuit model by using the signals.