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公开(公告)号：US4891157A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-02
申请号：US292710
申请日：1989-01-03
IPC分类号： C01B3/36
CPC分类号： C01B3/36
摘要： The hot effluent gas stream comprising H.sub.2 +CO and entrained molten slag from the partial oxidation of an ash-containing heavy liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, an ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel, or mixtures thereof is passed in succession through a radiant or quench cooling zone, a metal gas transfer line and a convective cooling zone. By covering the metal surfaces of the gas transfer line or the gas transfer line and the convective cooler connected thereto with a high temperature resistant carbon-containing material, substantially no molten slag sticks to the metal heat transfer surfaces on the inside of the gas transfer line or to the surfaces of the gas transfer line and the convective cooler connected thereto which are contacted by the partially cooled gas stream leaving the radiant or quench cooling zones.
摘要翻译： 包含H 2 + CO的热流出气流和来自含灰分的重质液体烃类燃料，含灰分的固体碳质燃料或其混合物的部分氧化的夹带的熔融炉渣依次通过辐射或骤冷冷却区， 金属气体输送管线和对流冷却区域。 通过用耐高温的含碳材料覆盖气体输送管线或气体输送管线和连接到其上的对流冷却器的金属表面，基本上没有熔渣粘附到气体输送管线内部的金属传热表面 或连接到其上的气体输送管线和对流冷却器的表面，其被部分冷却的气流与离开冷却或冷却的冷却区域接触。
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公开(公告)号：US4392981A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-12
申请号：US373367
申请日：1982-04-30
CPC分类号： B03B9/005 , B03B1/00 , B03D1/0043 , B03D1/008 , B03D1/02 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/845 , C10K1/02 , B03D2203/005 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1631 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1823 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： Unconverted char in a mixture of particles formed in the partial oxidation of an ash-containing solid fuel is recovered by grinding the mixture and subjecting the ground material to froth flotation.
摘要翻译： 在含灰分固体燃料的部分氧化中形成的颗粒的混合物中未转化的焦炭通过研磨混合物并使研磨材料进行泡沫浮选来回收。
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公开(公告)号：US4801440A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US20307
申请日：1987-03-02
申请人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
发明人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
CPC分类号： C01B3/36 , C10J3/463 , C10J3/466 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/024 , C10K1/16 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： A process for the simultaneous partial oxidation and desulfurization of sulfur and silicate-containing solid carbonaceous fuel for the production of gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 and CO and containing less than about 0.05 volume % of H.sub.2 S and COS. In the process, the solid carbonaceous fuel and a calcium-containing compound are reacted by partial oxidation in the reaction zone of a free-flow unobstructed gas generator with a controlled amount of free-oxygen containing gas and a temperature moderator so that an equilibrium oxygen concentration is provided in the gas phase in the reaction zone having a partial pressure which is less than about 10.sup.-12 atmospheres. The total moles of calcium in the reaction zone is at least equal to about 1.0 times the moles of sulfur in the solid carbonaceous fuel. The partial oxidation and desulfurization reactions take place simultaneously at a temperature which is about 10.degree. to 200.degree. F. below the softening temperature of the ash in the solid carbonaceous fuel and below about 2000.degree. F. at an increased gasification efficiency. The sulfur in the solid carbonaceous fuel in the reaction zone is converted into calcium sulfide particulate matter which leaves the reaction zone along with the fly-ash entrained in the hot raw effluent gas stream.
摘要翻译： 一种用于同时部分氧化和脱硫硫和含硅酸盐的固体碳质燃料的方法，用于生产包含H 2和CO并含有少于约0.05体积％的H 2 S和COS的气态混合物。在该方法中，固体碳质燃料和 含钙化合物在具有受控量的含游离氧的气体和温度调节剂的自由流通无机气体发生器的反应区中通过部分氧化反应，使得在气相中提供平衡氧浓度 反应区具有小于约10-12个大气压的分压。 反应区中钙的总摩尔数至少等于固体碳质燃料中硫的摩尔数的约1.0倍。 部分氧化和脱硫反应在固体碳质燃料中的灰分的软化温度低于约10°至200°F的温度下同时进行，并且在提高的气化效率下低于约2000°F。 反应区中固体碳质燃料中的硫被转化成硫化钙颗粒物质，其随着夹带在热的原始流出气流中的飞灰而离开反应区。
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公开(公告)号：US4801438A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US62018
申请日：1987-06-15
申请人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
发明人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
CPC分类号： C10J3/463 , C10J1/16 , C10J3/466 , C10K1/004 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： A process for the simultaneous partial oxidation and desulfurization of an ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel comprising (basis solid fuel) 0.2 to 6.0 wt. % sulfur and 0.1 to 30 wt. % of silicate compounds for the production of gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 and CO and entrained molten slag. In the process, the solid carbonaceous fuel and first and second types of supplemental calcium-containing materials are reacted by partial oxidation in the reaction zone of a free-flow unobstructed down-flowing vertical refractory lined gas generator with a controlled amount of free-oxygen containing gas and a temperature moderator so that an equilibrium oxygen concentration is provided in the gas phase in the reaction zone having a partial pressure which is less than about 10.sup.-9 atmospheres. The partial oxidation and desulfurization reactions take place simultaneously at a temperature above about 1900.degree. F. and about 10.degree. to 100.degree. F. above the fluid temperature of the slag at an increased thermal efficiency. The sulfur in the solid carbonaceous fuel in the reaction zone is converted into calcium and iron sulfide particulate matter which leaves the reaction zone along with the silicates of calcium and iron in the molten ash that is entrained in the hot raw effluent gas stream. Additional desulfurization in a fluidized bed containing calcium-containing material in admixture with carbon-containing material may be used to reduce the amount of H.sub.2 S and COS in the effluent gas stream to less than about 0.05 volume %.
摘要翻译： 含有固体含碳燃料的同时部分氧化和脱硫的方法，包括（基础固体燃料）0.2至6.0重量％ ％硫和0.1至30wt。 用于生产包含H 2和CO以及夹带的熔渣的气态混合物的硅酸盐化合物的％。 在此过程中，固体碳质燃料和第一种和第二种补充含钙材料在自由流动无阻碍下垂垂直耐火材料衬里气体发生器的反应区域中通过部分氧化反应，受控量的游离氧气 含有气体和温度调节剂，使得在分压小于约10-9大气压的反应区中的气相中提供平衡氧浓度。 部分氧化和脱硫反应在提高的热效率的同时在高于约1900°F和高于炉渣流体温度约10°至100°F的温度下进行。 反应区中固体碳质燃料中的硫被转化成钙和硫化铁颗粒物质，它们随着夹带在热的原始流出物气流中的熔融灰中与钙和铁的硅酸盐一起离开反应区。 含钙材料与含碳材料混合的流化床中的额外脱硫可用于将流出气流中的H 2 S和COS的量减少到小于约0.05体积％。
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公开(公告)号：US4265407A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US57222
申请日：1979-07-13
CPC分类号： C10L1/326
摘要： A method of producing a thick slurry of powdered coal and water. It includes feeding less coal than is required for the thick slurry into a ball mill, and introducing all of the water required so that a thin slurry is produced. The remaining coal required is pulverized in a dry grinder, and the thin slurry and dry powdered coal are mixed to produce the desired thick slurry.
摘要翻译： 一种生产粉煤和水的稠浆的方法。 它包括比将粗浆料所需的煤量减少到球磨机中，并引入所需的所有水以产生稀浆。 所需的剩余煤在干式研磨机中粉碎，并将稀浆和干粉煤混合以产生所需的稠浆料。
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公开(公告)号：US4925644A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-15
申请号：US276735
申请日：1988-11-28
申请人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
发明人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
IPC分类号： C10J3/46
CPC分类号： C10J3/466 , C10K1/004 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C10J2300/0996
摘要： A process for the simultaneous partial oxidation and desulfurization of sulfur and silicate-containing solid carbonaceous fuel for the production of a gas stream comprising gaseous mixtures of H.sub.2 and CO and containing less than about 0.05 volume % of H.sub.2 S and COS, and entrained fly-ash, calcium sulfide, and particulate carbon. In the process, the solid carbonaceous fuel and a calcium-containing compound are entrained in a gaseous medium and are reacted by partial oxidation in the reaction zone of a free-flow unobstructed gas generator with a controlled amount of free-oxygen containing gas and with or without a temperature moderator so that an equilibrium oxygen concentration is provided in the gas phase in the reaction zone having a partial pressure which is less than about 10.sup.-12 atmosphere. The total moles of calcium in the reaction zone is at least equal to about 1.0 times the moles of sulfur in the solid carbonaceous fuel. The partial oxidation and desulfurization reactions take place simultaneously at a temperature which is at least about 400.degree. F. below the softening temperature of the ash in the solid carbonaceous fuel at an increased gasification efficiency. The sulfur in the solid carbonaceous fuel in the reaction zone is converted into calcium sulfide particulate matter which leaves the reaction zone along with the fly-ash entrained in the hot raw effluent gas stream.
摘要翻译： 用于同时部分氧化和脱硫硫和含硅酸盐的固体碳质燃料的方法，用于生产包含H 2和CO的气体混合物并且含有少于约0.05体积％的H 2 S和COS的气流和夹带的飞灰 ，硫化钙和颗粒状碳。 在此过程中，将固体含碳燃料和含钙化合物夹带在气体介质中，并通过部分氧化反应，在自由流动通畅气体发生器的反应区域中控制含量的含游离氧的气体，并与 或没有温度调节剂，使得在具有小于约10-12气氛的分压的反应区中的气相中提供平衡氧浓度。 反应区中钙的总摩尔数至少等于固体碳质燃料中硫的摩尔数的约1.0倍。 部分氧化和脱硫反应在提高的气化效率的同时在比固体碳质燃料中的灰分的软化温度低至少约400°F的温度下进行。 反应区中固体碳质燃料中的硫被转化成硫化钙颗粒物质，其随着夹带在热的原始流出气流中的飞灰而离开反应区。
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公开(公告)号：US4808386A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US100673
申请日：1987-09-24
申请人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
发明人： Mitri S. Najjar , Roger J. Corbeels
CPC分类号： C10J3/463 , C10J3/466 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/08 , C10K1/16 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： A process for the simultaneous partial oxidation and desulfurization of an ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel comprising (basis solid fuel) 0.2 to 8.0 wt. % sulfur and 0.1 to 30 wt. % of silicate compounds for the production of gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 and CO and entrained molten slag. In the process, the solid carbonaceous fuel and supplemental iron-containing material are reacted by partial oxidation in the reaction zone of a free-flow unobstructed down-flowing vertical refractory lined gas generator with a controlled amount free-oxygen containing gas and a temperature moderator so that an equilibrium oxygen concentration is provided in the gas phase in the reaction zone having a partial pressure which is less than about 10.sup.-7 atmospheres. The partial oxidation and desulfurization reactions take place simultaneously at a temperature which is above 1900.degree. F. and about 10.degree. to 200.degree. F. above the fluid temperature of the slag at an increased thermal efficiency. The sulfur in the solid carbonaceous fuel in the reaction zone is converted into iron oxysulfide particulate matter which leaves the reaction zone along with the silicates of calcium and iron in the molten ash that is entrained in the hot raw effluent gas stream comprising H.sub.2 and CO. Less than about 0.6 mole % of H.sub.2 S and COS is in the effluent gas stream. Additional desulfurization in a fluidized bed of calcium and carbon containing materials may be optionally used to reduce the mole % of H.sub.2 S and COS.
摘要翻译： 含有固体含碳燃料的同时部分氧化和脱硫的方法，包括（基础固体燃料）0.2〜8.0重量％ ％硫和0.1至30wt。 用于生产包含H 2和CO以及夹带的熔渣的气态混合物的硅酸盐化合物的％。 在此过程中，固体碳质燃料和补充含铁材料通过部分氧化反应，在自由流动的无阻碍垂直耐火材料内衬气体发生器的反应区域中，其具有受控量的含游离氧气体和温度调节剂 使得在具有小于约10-7大气压的分压的反应区中的气相中提供平衡氧浓度。 部分氧化和脱硫反应在提高的热效率的同时在高于1900°F和高于炉渣流体温度约10°至200°F的温度下进行。 反应区中固体碳质燃料中的硫被转化成硫氧化铁颗粒物质，它与夹带在包含H 2和CO的热的原始流出气流中的熔融灰中的钙和铁的硅酸盐一起离开反应区。 低于约0.6摩尔％的H 2 S和COS在流出气流中。 可以任选地使用含钙和碳的材料的流化床中的另外的脱硫来降低H 2 S和COS的摩尔％。
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公开(公告)号：US4952380A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-28
申请号：US179931
申请日：1988-04-11
CPC分类号： C10J3/463 , C01B17/06 , C01B3/386 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/74 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： Synthesis gas is produced by the partial oxidation of a high silicon and sulfur-containing heavy liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and/or petroleum coke having a nickel and vanadium-containing ash that includes calcium and sodium, in a mixture with an iron and/or copper containing additive in a vertical free-flow reaction zone lined with refractory A or a combination of refractory A and refractory B. Refractory A lining of the reaction zone comprises in wt %: Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 about 20 to 82, MgO about 5.0 to 45, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 about 0 to 10.5 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 about 0 to 6.2, CaO about 0 to 1.0, SiO.sub.2 about 0 to 2.5, and others about 0 to 1.3. Refractory B comprises in wt. %: Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 about 0 to 40, MgO about 20 to 85, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 about 0 to 16, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 about 0 to 9.0, SiO.sub.2 about 0 to 2.7, and others about 0 to 1.1. In the reaction zone separate portions of said Fe and/or Cu containing additive: (1) combine with portions of said Fe, Ni, and S to generate a liquid phase washing agent; (ii) combine with a portion of refractory components, and V, Fe, Ni and Al to form high melting spinel and oxide lath phases which are washed by said liquid phase washing agent; and (iii) combine with a portion of said Ni, Ca, Si, Al, Mg and Na to generate a liquid oxide silicate phase that fluxes substantially all of the remaining vanadium and other ash components.
摘要翻译： 合成气是通过含有含铁和/或铜的混合物中含有含钙和钠的含镍和含钒灰分的高含硅和含硫重液体含烃燃料和/或石油焦的部分氧化产生的， 在耐火材料A或耐火材料A和耐火材料B的组合的垂直自由流动反应区中的添加剂。耐火材料反应区的衬里包含重量％：Cr 2 O 3约20至82，MgO约5.0至45，Fe 2 O 3约0 至约10-6.0的Al2O3，约0至1.0的CaO，约0至2.5的SiO 2，约0至1.3的SiO 2。 耐火材料B以重量计。 ％：Cr 2 O 3约0至40，MgO约20至85，Fe 2 O 3约0至16，Al 2 O 3约0至9.0，SiO 2约0至2.7，而其它约0至1.1。 在反应区中，所述含Fe和/或含Cu添加剂的分离部分：（1）与所述Fe，Ni和S的一部分组合以产生液相清洗剂; （ii）与一部分难熔组分和V，Fe，Ni和Al组合以形成由所述液相清洗剂洗涤的高熔点尖晶石和氧化物板条相; 和（iii）与所述Ni，Ca，Si，Al，Mg和Na的一部分组合以产生基本上剩余的所有剩余的钒和其它灰分组分的液体氧化物硅酸盐相。
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公开(公告)号：US4575381A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-11
申请号：US584977
申请日：1984-03-01
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/326
摘要： The problem of creaming during formation of disperse-slurry of coal liquefaction residue by ball milling with water is eliminated by use, as an anti-creaming additive, of a quaternary amine such as tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride.
摘要翻译： 通过使用诸如牛脂三甲基氯化铵的季胺作为防乳剂添加剂，可以消除在用煤球磨时形成煤液化残余物的分散浆液中的乳化问题。
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公开(公告)号：US4459134A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-10
申请号：US418327
申请日：1982-09-15
摘要： Outlet structure of a powdered coal gasification generator. The bottom of the generator has an outlet throat with cylindrical walls that extend beyond the base. And, the walls terminate in an oblique manner with a face shaped to promote flow of slag from the generator to a single point in order to minimize reentrainment of slag into the gasification products.
摘要翻译： 粉煤气化发生器的出口结构。 发电机底部有出口喉部，圆柱形壁延伸超出基座。 并且，壁以倾斜的方式终止，其表面形状以促进炉渣从发生器流到单个点，以便最小化炉渣进入气化产物的再吸入。
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