Abstract:
A vehicle battery system includes a battery, storage, and one or more controllers. The storage maintains data defining power outputs for the battery at a plurality of predefined combinations of temperature and state of charge. The one or more controllers repeatedly update the data for some of the plurality based on temperatures and states of charge repeatedly encountered by the vehicle, update the data for other of the plurality based on data from a remote server, and discharge the battery according to the data for the some and other of the plurality.
Abstract:
A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and method of operation includes a thermal management system (TMS) that maintains optimal battery temperature operating ranges. The TMS includes a controller, heater, pump, and valves that control a flow rate of a convective fluid about the battery and other components. The TMS responds to battery temperature and differential signals, converting them into pump speed and heater signals utilizing a fuzzy logic multidimensional membership function (MF) that improves performance while reducing energy consumption by generating real-time, smoothed pulse width modulated (PWM) pump speed and heater signals. The MF capability requires less processing power than prior systems, which in turn enables improved response time to battery thermal and temperature rate changes during HEV operation. The MF utilizes embedded temperature and differential MFs that generate respective, real-time, tuned signal conversion factors, without the need for calibration look-up tables, to generate the PWM pump and heater control signals.
Abstract:
A hybrid electric vehicle having one or more controllers, voltage-current sensors, and batteries, which are configured to generate and respond to power signals that communicate vehicle operating and start-up conditions, among other parameters and data. The components also are enabled to detect vehicle and battery conditions that include an open circuit voltage (OCV), current, differentiated current (DFC), and near zero current (NZC). The controller(s) are further configured to generate a predicted battery state of charge (SoC) from a combination of the OCV, current, DFC, NZC, and other parameters, which are calibrated according to respective magnitudes and noise calibration factors, which enables the controller(s) to charge and discharge the battery according to the predicted SoC. The controller(s) also may compare the OCV to a predetermined battery performance array that correlates the OCV magnitude with one or more of a battery SoC, cell voltage and internal resistance, temperature, and cumulative charge-discharge cycles.
Abstract:
A vehicle may include a traction battery, a harness electrically connected with the battery, and a controller programmed to generate harness anomaly output based on data indicative of historical resistances associated with the harness and temperature and state of charge data for the battery indicative of a current resistance associated with the harness.
Abstract:
A power system includes a battery and a controller. The controller inhibits charge of the battery according to voltage or current values sensed before and after contactors electrically connected to the battery are commanded to open and indicating that a leakage resistance associated with one of the contactors increases after the one of contactors is commanded to open, and a duration of a continuous voltage drop across another of the contactors after the another of the contactors is commanded to open exceeds a threshold.
Abstract:
A vehicle having a traction battery with at least one cell includes a controller coupled to the traction battery and programmed to modify traction battery current in response to a difference between a lithium plating parameter target value and a lithium plating parameter actual value to reduce the difference. The lithium plating parameter or indicator may be based on a differential open circuit voltage of a battery cell, or a ratio of differential voltage of the at least one cell as a function of time to cell charging rate of the at least one cell.
Abstract:
Vehicles that use electric power as a motive force may use accurate measurements of battery power for numerous purposes, e.g., battery characteristics, state of charge of the battery, travel distance remaining for the vehicle and the like. A traction battery measurement should be taken when the battery is fully relaxed, i.e., the battery is neither being charged nor providing power and a time period thereafter when the battery chemistry reaches a steady state. A controller or methods may determine if the battery is relaxed and if the battery is not relaxed, delay charging or discharging of the traction battery to allow accurate battery capacity determination. The controller may control a battery charger to ensure the battery is fully relaxed before sensing battery characteristics.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for measuring voltage of a battery pack for an electrified vehicle, such as an electric or hybrid vehicle, include a battery having internal circuits that measure pack voltage and individual cell voltages, an electric machine powered by the battery to propel the vehicle via an external circuit that measures the pack voltage, and a processor programmed to publish the pack voltage to a vehicle network based on a first internal circuit voltage in response to a voltage differential among the internal circuits being less than a threshold and based on the individual cell voltages otherwise. The published pack voltage may be used by one or more battery or vehicle controllers to control various battery and vehicle functions including engine starting in a hybrid vehicle and battery charging and discharging, for example.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for measuring voltage of a battery pack for an electrified vehicle, such as an electric or hybrid vehicle, include measuring individual cell voltages and using the individual measurements to periodically update an adjustment or offset applied to the battery pack measurement to improve accuracy of the battery pack measurement. Individual cell voltage measurements may be periodically sampled and combined with the result compared to the pack voltage under predetermined operating conditions, such as when voltage changes or variation are small. A sliding window of voltage differences that satisfy one or more specified conditions, such as being within a range of a previously determined value, may be used to generate the adjustment or offset.
Abstract:
A controller initiates discharging of at least some cells of a traction battery based on data indicative of cell state of charge and cell capacity such that, upon completion of the discharging, states of charge of at least some of the cells are different, and after charging the cells with a same current for a same period of time, the states of charge fall with a predefined range of values.