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公开(公告)号：US4318055A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-02
申请号：US70232
申请日：1979-08-27
摘要： A system for comparing the frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator to a stable reference oscillator to generate control signals which maintain the voltage controlled oscillator in phase lock with the reference oscillator. The circuit utilizes a digital frequency comparator to determine whether the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator is above or below the reference frequency. When the frequency of the oscillator is either above or below the desired value, pulses are generated which are integrated to produce a DC signal which changes the frequency of the oscillator to achieve the desired value. Additionally, a continuous electrical signal is generated when the output of the voltage controlled oscillator is in phase with the reference signal. When phase lock is achieved the output of the frequency determining circuit goes to zero and phase lock is maintained by the continuous electrical signal.
摘要翻译： 用于将压控振荡器的频率与稳定的参考振荡器进行比较以产生控制信号的系统，该控制信号使压控振荡器与参考振荡器锁相。 电路利用数字频率比较器来确定压控振荡器的输出频率是否高于或低于参考频率。 当振荡器的频率高于或低于期望值时，产生脉冲，其被积分以产生改变振荡器频率以获得期望值的DC信号。 此外，当压控振荡器的输出与参考信号同相时，产生连续的电信号。 当实现锁相时，频率确定电路的输出变为零，并通过连续的电信号保持相位锁定。
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公开(公告)号：US4099137A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US805498
申请日：1977-06-10
申请人： Benjamin C. Alm, Jr. , Francis W. Hopwood , Robert A. Jelen , John P. Muhlbaier , Joseph F. Wright, Jr.
发明人： Benjamin C. Alm, Jr. , Francis W. Hopwood , Robert A. Jelen , John P. Muhlbaier , Joseph F. Wright, Jr.
摘要： A digitally controlled microwave phase lock loop for switching rapidly from one lock frequency to another is disclosed. A digital word corresponding to a desired input voltage for a selected frequency is converted to an analog voltage for application to the coarse tuning port of the loop's voltage controlled oscillator. Prior to switching to another frequency, the error voltage for the fine tuning port is compared with a zero error reference voltage. The least significant bit of the digital word for such frequency is increased or decreased by one depending on the direction difference between the compared voltages. This incrementally changed word controls the coarse tuning voltage during the next selection of the particular frequency. The system is initialized by repetitively selecting each of the possible frequencies until the digital word for each selected frequency is within one increment of the zero error reference voltage for the fine tuning port.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从一个锁定频率快速切换到另一个锁定频率的数字控制的微波相位锁定环。 对应于所选频率的期望输入电压的数字字转换为模拟电压，以供应给环路压控振荡器的粗调端口。 在切换到另一个频率之前，将微调端口的误差电压与零误差参考电压进行比较。 这种频率的数字字的最低有效位根据所比较的电压之间的方向差增加或减小一个。 这个增量变化的字在下一次特定频率的选择期间控制粗调谐电压。 通过重复选择每个可能的频率来初始化系统，直到每个选定频率的数字字都在微调端口的零误差参考电压的一个增量内。
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公开(公告)号：US4096445A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-20
申请号：US789487
申请日：1977-04-21
摘要： A vibration noise filtering system for use in airborne radar master oscillator, RMO, systems is disclosed. Master and slave crystal oscillators are used, the slave oscillator being phase locked to the master oscillator governed by a phase locked loop, PLL, having a predetermined low frequency bandwidth. The master oscillator is structurally coupled directly to a source of vibration of the aircraft, while the slave oscillator is isolated and supported from the vibration source by a mechanical passive isolator having a resonant frequency well within the low frequency bandwidth of the PLL. The output of the slave oscillator which is the source of the RMO signal has a phase spectral density within the phase stability requirements of a typical RMO across the operating modulating frequency ranges of both air-to-ground and air-to-air radar modes.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于机载雷达主振荡器，RMO系统的振动噪声滤波系统。 使用主从晶体振荡器，从振荡器被锁相到由具有预定低频带宽的锁相环（PLL）控制的主振荡器。 主振荡器在结构上直接耦合到飞行器的振动源，而从振荡器通过在PLL的低频带宽内具有谐振频率的机械无源隔离器从振动源隔离和支撑。 作为RMO信号源的从属振荡器的输出在空对地和空对空雷达模式的操作调制频率范围内具有典型RMO的相位稳定性要求内的相位频谱密度。
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公开(公告)号：US4573027A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-25
申请号：US615502
申请日：1984-05-30
CPC分类号： H03L7/02 , H03H2009/02181
摘要： This invention is directed to a narrow band filter for eliminating out-of-band noise in the oscillator signal of a doppler radar system. It provides a very high Q filter derived from a Bulk Acoustic Resonator's (BAR) high Q, L-Band response and uses thermal feedback to lock the BAR's response band onto the input frequency. The BAR is a very narrow band filter with a Q near 40,000 and a comblike frequency response having passbands occurring every 5 MHz, approximately. The comblike response of the BAR shifts down 60 KHz for every 1.degree. C. rise in temperature. In this invention a frequency sensitive heater is used to move the response comb of the BAR up or down in accordance with changes in the frequency of the incoming signal. The input frequency can be allowed to drift and the heat source will produce more heat or less heat, keeping the response right at the input frequency.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于消除多普勒雷达系统的振荡器信号中的带外噪声的窄带滤波器。 它提供了一种非常高的Q滤波器，它来源于体声声谐振器（BAR）高Q，L波段响应，并使用热反馈将BAR的响应波段锁定到输入频率上。 BAR是一个非常窄的带宽滤波器，Q值接近40,000，梳状频率响应大约每5 MHz发生一次通带。 BAR的梳状响应在每1℃升高温度时下降60KHz。 在本发明中，频率敏感加热器用于根据输入信号频率的变化来向上或向下移动BAR的响应梳。 可以允许输入频率漂移，并且热源将产生更多的热量或更少的热量，保持响应正确的输入频率。
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公开(公告)号：US06697148B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US10075365
申请日：2002-02-15
申请人： Francis W. Hopwood , John H. Glezen
发明人： Francis W. Hopwood , John H. Glezen
IPC分类号： G01C308
摘要： A laser radar system is disclosed. The laser radar system includes a transmitting means that transmits a signal. The transmitted signal is formed by an optical signal that is amplitude modulated with a source signal thereby forming a transmitted signal having light packets at a repetition rate of the source signal. A receiving means that receives the transmitted signal after it is reflected from an object. A Doppler processor determines the Doppler frequency shift of the source signal from signals derived from the reflected signal.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种激光雷达系统。 激光雷达系统包括发送信号的发送装置。 发送信号由用信号源进行幅度调制的光信号形成，从而以源信号的重复率形成具有光分组的发送信号。 一种在从物体反射之后接收发送信号的接收装置。 多普勒处理器根据来自反射信号的信号确定源信号的多普勒频移。
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公开(公告)号：US5079557A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US632784
申请日：1990-12-24
CPC分类号： H01Q3/26 , H01Q21/0025
摘要： A phased array antenna having a first plurality of phase shifters each connected to a solid state transmit module power amplifier. Equal split power combiners, each having a pair of inputs and a pair of outputs, are connected to the power amplifiers and to each other in a corporated tree hierarchal configuration. One of the pair of inputs of each of the power combiners of each higher hierarchy is connected to one of the pair of outputs of the power combiners of a lower hierarchy. A subarray is connected to the other of the pair of outputs of each of the power combiners. A subarray is connected to both outputs of the highest hierarchy. A second plurality of individual phase shifter elements are associated with the individual elements of each subarray. The first plurality of phase shifter elements adjust the illumination and phase of the signal entering each subarray. The second plurality of phase shift elements steer the beam. The array architecture enables varying the aperture taper without incurring significant power loss; and the internal tapering of each subarray to control quantization effects.
摘要翻译： 一种相控阵天线，具有各自连接到固态发射模块功率放大器的第一多个移相器。 每个具有一对输入和一对输出的等分功率组合器以公共树分级配置连接到功率放大器和彼此。 每个较高层级的每个功率组合器的一对输入中的一个连接到下层功率组合器的一对输出端。 子阵列连接到每个功率组合器的一对输出中的另一个。 子阵列连接到最高层次的两个输出。 第二多个单独的移相器元件与每个子阵列的各个元件相关联。 第一组多个移相器元件调节进入每个子阵列的信号的照明和相位。 第二组多个相移元件转向光束。 阵列结构使得能够改变孔径锥度而不会导致显着的功率损耗; 并且每个子阵列的内部逐渐变细以控制量化效应。
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公开(公告)号：US6081226A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US113210
申请日：1998-07-10
CPC分类号： G01S13/106 , G01S7/282 , G01S7/288 , G01S2013/0272
摘要： A radar exciter including a direct digital synthesis (DDS) wideband waveform generator which performs the frequency synthesis function heretofore performed by a direct analog synthesizer. This is achieved by deriving the DDS frequencies, the exciter RF frequencies, the radar synchronizer clock frequency and receiver analog/digital (A/D) converter clock frequency from a common signal source generating a master frequency. The present invention eliminates the direct analog synthesizer and relies solely on the digital generation of waveforms by a DDS wideband waveform generator which performs a discrete sampling process so as to provide coherent frequency and timing relationships.
摘要翻译： 包括直接数字合成（DDS）宽带波形发生器的雷达激励器，其执行由直接模拟合成器执行的频率合成功能。 这是通过从产生主频率的公共信号源导出DDS频率，激励器RF频率，雷达同步器时钟频率和接收器模拟/数字（A / D）转换器时钟频率来实现的。 本发明消除了直接模拟合成器，并且仅依赖于执行离散采样处理以提供相干频率和时序关系的DDS宽带波形发生器的数字生成波形。
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公开(公告)号：US5745076A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US708439
申请日：1996-09-05
申请人： Thomas R. Turlington , Patrick G. Farrell , Gerald K. Kane , Gary L. Ferrell , Scott K. Suko , Joseph A. Faulkner , Gregory K. Sinon , Francis W. Hopwood , Andrew J. Piloto
发明人： Thomas R. Turlington , Patrick G. Farrell , Gerald K. Kane , Gary L. Ferrell , Scott K. Suko , Joseph A. Faulkner , Gregory K. Sinon , Francis W. Hopwood , Andrew J. Piloto
CPC分类号： G01S7/032 , G01S7/034 , H01Q21/0025 , H01Q21/0087 , H01Q3/24 , H01Q3/247
摘要： A T/R module including a multilevel, multichip microwave package having a plurality of gallium arsenide monolithic microwave integrated circuit chips (MMICs) implementing RF switching elements, a variable phase shifter, a plurality of RF amplifiers, and gain trim attenuators and which are located on a planar RF assembly. The module's architecture includes shared or common MMIC circuit elements during both transmit and receive operation modes thus reducing the number of MMICs required while at the same time preloading the supply voltage regulator-modulator which supplies DC power to all the MMIC circuits without degrading T/R module efficiency.
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公开(公告)号：US4847624A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-11
申请号：US139512
申请日：1987-12-30
CPC分类号： G01S13/90 , G01S13/282
摘要： The present invention includes an apparatus that prebiases a transmitted radar signal. The prebiasing of the transmit signal automatically aligns the return signals in one dimension or dimensionally transforms the return signals thereby removing the need for one of the dimensional processing operations of a conventinal two dimensional return signal interpolator. A map function generator produces small frequency (phase) changes in the transmitted signal during each pulse over the entire integration or exposure period. The map function generator produces a parabolic frequency change control signal applied during the integration period. The control signal is divided into segments where each segment controls a single transmit pulse. The control signal modifies a linear frequency modulation control signal. conventionally produced by high resolution radar systems.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种预发射雷达信号的装置。 发射信号的预偏置自动地将返回信号对准一维，或者对返回信号进行尺寸变换，从而消除对传统二维返回信号内插器的维度处理操作之一的需要。 地图函数发生器在整个整合或曝光期间的每个脉冲期间产生发射信号的小频率（相位）变化。 地图函数发生器产生在积分期间施加的抛物线频率变化控制信号。 控制信号被分成段，每个段控制单个发射脉冲。 控制信号修改线性调频控制信号。 通常由高分辨率雷达系统生产。
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公开(公告)号：US4009448A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-22
申请号：US646800
申请日：1976-01-06
CPC分类号： H03L7/12 , H03L2207/14
摘要： A phase lock loop configuration having a voltage controlled oscillator utilized, for example, in radar systems wherein false locking is prevented and loop bandwidth is maintained substantially constant. The voltage controlled oscillator includes a cavity resonator within which is located two tuning varactor diodes, one of which is heavily coupled to the resonator and comprises a coarse tuning port and one of which is lightly coupled and comprises the fine tuning port. The configuration is such that when the loop is locked, following a sweep mode of the coarse tuning voltage, the fine tune voltage is held constant at a predetermined DC level thereby making the fine tuning sensitivity essentially constant as the coarse tuning voltage changes the frequency over the band of interest.
摘要翻译： 一种具有压控振荡器的锁相环配置，例如在雷达系统中被利用，其中防止假锁定并且保持环路带宽基本恒定。 压控振荡器包括空腔谐振器，在谐振腔内设置有两个调谐变容二极管，其中一个与谐振器重耦合，并包括一个粗调谐端口，其中一个微调耦合并包括微调端口。 该配置使得当环路被锁定时，在粗调谐电压的扫描模式之后，微调电压保持恒定在预定的DC电平，从而使得微调电压基本上恒定，因为粗调谐电压改变频率 感兴趣的乐队。
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