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公开(公告)号：US4009448A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-22
申请号：US646800
申请日：1976-01-06
CPC分类号： H03L7/12 , H03L2207/14
摘要： A phase lock loop configuration having a voltage controlled oscillator utilized, for example, in radar systems wherein false locking is prevented and loop bandwidth is maintained substantially constant. The voltage controlled oscillator includes a cavity resonator within which is located two tuning varactor diodes, one of which is heavily coupled to the resonator and comprises a coarse tuning port and one of which is lightly coupled and comprises the fine tuning port. The configuration is such that when the loop is locked, following a sweep mode of the coarse tuning voltage, the fine tune voltage is held constant at a predetermined DC level thereby making the fine tuning sensitivity essentially constant as the coarse tuning voltage changes the frequency over the band of interest.
摘要翻译： 一种具有压控振荡器的锁相环配置，例如在雷达系统中被利用，其中防止假锁定并且保持环路带宽基本恒定。 压控振荡器包括空腔谐振器，在谐振腔内设置有两个调谐变容二极管，其中一个与谐振器重耦合，并包括一个粗调谐端口，其中一个微调耦合并包括微调端口。 该配置使得当环路被锁定时，在粗调谐电压的扫描模式之后，微调电压保持恒定在预定的DC电平，从而使得微调电压基本上恒定，因为粗调谐电压改变频率 感兴趣的乐队。
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公开(公告)号：US3993962A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-23
申请号：US606041
申请日：1975-08-18
CPC分类号： H03B5/32
摘要： A low noise frequency source utilizes a varactor diode to form a parametric crystal oscillator which may be frequency multiplied to the desired microwave frequency, for radar applications.
摘要翻译： 低噪声频率源利用变容二极管形成参数晶体振荡器，其可以被频率乘以期望的微波频率，用于雷达应用。
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3.发明授权Chirp phase distortion detector in a wideband linearization feedback control loop 失效啁啾相位失真检测器在宽带线性化反馈控制环路中
公开(公告)号：US4123719A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-31
申请号：US789906
申请日：1977-04-22
CPC分类号： H03B23/00 , G01S13/26 , H03C3/08 , H03B2200/0092
摘要： A phase distortion detector is used in a wideband feedback control loop to detect phase distortion on a wideband pulsed linearly frequency modulated waveform (chirped) without the use of excessively long delay lines. The detector mixes two reference signals, each of a predetermined frequency, one frequency higher than the other. A phase lock loop ensures that the two signals are phase coherent. Each signal is then mixed with the chirped waveform, delayed for different time intervals, and mixed again to produce an error signal proportional to the phase distortion on the chirp pulse which distortion is also an indication of the frequency non-linearity of the chirp pulse. The error signal is then used to correct such non-linearity.
摘要翻译： 在宽带反馈控制环路中使用相位失真检测器来检测宽带脉冲线性调频波形（啁啾）上的相位失真，而不使用过长的延迟线。 检测器混合两个参考信号，每个参考信号的预定频率，一个频率高于另一个频率。 锁相环确保两个信号是相位相干的。 然后将每个信号与啁啾波形混合，延迟不同的时间间隔，并再次混合，以产生与啁啾脉冲上的相位失真成比例的误差信号，该失真也是啁啾脉冲的频率非线性的指示。 然后使用误差信号来校正这种非线性。
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公开(公告)号：US4071844A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-31
申请号：US677647
申请日：1976-04-16
CPC分类号： G01S13/24
摘要： An automatic frequency control for causing a local oscillator to track the frequency of a transmitter such that the received echo of a transmitted pulse may be combined with the output of the local oscillator in a mixer to provide an intermediate frequency signal which is suitable for amplification, filtering and detection operations. The automatic frequency control includes an average frequency control loop for determining the average frequency of the local oscillator output signal, an electromechanical frequency transducer cooperating with a sample and hold circuit for providing a modulating signal to modulate the average frequency of the local oscillator output signal in response to the frequency of the next pulse to be provided by the transmitter, and a modulation gain control loop for controlling the gain of the modulating signal to compensate for variations in the transfer functions of the electromechanical frequency transducer and the sample and hold circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种自动频率控制，用于使本地振荡器跟踪发射机的频率，使得发射脉冲的接收回波可以在混频器中与本地振荡器的输出组合，以提供适合于放大的中频信号， 过滤和检测操作。 自动频率控制包括用于确定本地振荡器输出信号的平均频率的平均频率控制回路，与采样和保持电路协作的机电频率转换器，用于提供调制信号以调制本地振荡器输出信号的平均频率 响应于由发射机提供的下一个脉冲的频率，以及调制增益控制环路，用于控制调制信号的增益以补偿机电频率换能器和采样和保持电路的传递函数的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4318055A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-02
申请号：US70232
申请日：1979-08-27
摘要： A system for comparing the frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator to a stable reference oscillator to generate control signals which maintain the voltage controlled oscillator in phase lock with the reference oscillator. The circuit utilizes a digital frequency comparator to determine whether the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator is above or below the reference frequency. When the frequency of the oscillator is either above or below the desired value, pulses are generated which are integrated to produce a DC signal which changes the frequency of the oscillator to achieve the desired value. Additionally, a continuous electrical signal is generated when the output of the voltage controlled oscillator is in phase with the reference signal. When phase lock is achieved the output of the frequency determining circuit goes to zero and phase lock is maintained by the continuous electrical signal.
摘要翻译： 用于将压控振荡器的频率与稳定的参考振荡器进行比较以产生控制信号的系统，该控制信号使压控振荡器与参考振荡器锁相。 电路利用数字频率比较器来确定压控振荡器的输出频率是否高于或低于参考频率。 当振荡器的频率高于或低于期望值时，产生脉冲，其被积分以产生改变振荡器频率以获得期望值的DC信号。 此外，当压控振荡器的输出与参考信号同相时，产生连续的电信号。 当实现锁相时，频率确定电路的输出变为零，并通过连续的电信号保持相位锁定。
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公开(公告)号：US06697148B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US10075365
申请日：2002-02-15
申请人： Francis W. Hopwood , John H. Glezen
发明人： Francis W. Hopwood , John H. Glezen
IPC分类号： G01C308
摘要： A laser radar system is disclosed. The laser radar system includes a transmitting means that transmits a signal. The transmitted signal is formed by an optical signal that is amplitude modulated with a source signal thereby forming a transmitted signal having light packets at a repetition rate of the source signal. A receiving means that receives the transmitted signal after it is reflected from an object. A Doppler processor determines the Doppler frequency shift of the source signal from signals derived from the reflected signal.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种激光雷达系统。 激光雷达系统包括发送信号的发送装置。 发送信号由用信号源进行幅度调制的光信号形成，从而以源信号的重复率形成具有光分组的发送信号。 一种在从物体反射之后接收发送信号的接收装置。 多普勒处理器根据来自反射信号的信号确定源信号的多普勒频移。
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公开(公告)号：US5079557A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US632784
申请日：1990-12-24
CPC分类号： H01Q3/26 , H01Q21/0025
摘要： A phased array antenna having a first plurality of phase shifters each connected to a solid state transmit module power amplifier. Equal split power combiners, each having a pair of inputs and a pair of outputs, are connected to the power amplifiers and to each other in a corporated tree hierarchal configuration. One of the pair of inputs of each of the power combiners of each higher hierarchy is connected to one of the pair of outputs of the power combiners of a lower hierarchy. A subarray is connected to the other of the pair of outputs of each of the power combiners. A subarray is connected to both outputs of the highest hierarchy. A second plurality of individual phase shifter elements are associated with the individual elements of each subarray. The first plurality of phase shifter elements adjust the illumination and phase of the signal entering each subarray. The second plurality of phase shift elements steer the beam. The array architecture enables varying the aperture taper without incurring significant power loss; and the internal tapering of each subarray to control quantization effects.
摘要翻译： 一种相控阵天线，具有各自连接到固态发射模块功率放大器的第一多个移相器。 每个具有一对输入和一对输出的等分功率组合器以公共树分级配置连接到功率放大器和彼此。 每个较高层级的每个功率组合器的一对输入中的一个连接到下层功率组合器的一对输出端。 子阵列连接到每个功率组合器的一对输出中的另一个。 子阵列连接到最高层次的两个输出。 第二多个单独的移相器元件与每个子阵列的各个元件相关联。 第一组多个移相器元件调节进入每个子阵列的信号的照明和相位。 第二组多个相移元件转向光束。 阵列结构使得能够改变孔径锥度而不会导致显着的功率损耗; 并且每个子阵列的内部逐渐变细以控制量化效应。
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公开(公告)号：US6081226A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US113210
申请日：1998-07-10
CPC分类号： G01S13/106 , G01S7/282 , G01S7/288 , G01S2013/0272
摘要： A radar exciter including a direct digital synthesis (DDS) wideband waveform generator which performs the frequency synthesis function heretofore performed by a direct analog synthesizer. This is achieved by deriving the DDS frequencies, the exciter RF frequencies, the radar synchronizer clock frequency and receiver analog/digital (A/D) converter clock frequency from a common signal source generating a master frequency. The present invention eliminates the direct analog synthesizer and relies solely on the digital generation of waveforms by a DDS wideband waveform generator which performs a discrete sampling process so as to provide coherent frequency and timing relationships.
摘要翻译： 包括直接数字合成（DDS）宽带波形发生器的雷达激励器，其执行由直接模拟合成器执行的频率合成功能。 这是通过从产生主频率的公共信号源导出DDS频率，激励器RF频率，雷达同步器时钟频率和接收器模拟/数字（A / D）转换器时钟频率来实现的。 本发明消除了直接模拟合成器，并且仅依赖于执行离散采样处理以提供相干频率和时序关系的DDS宽带波形发生器的数字生成波形。
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公开(公告)号：US5745076A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US708439
申请日：1996-09-05
申请人： Thomas R. Turlington , Patrick G. Farrell , Gerald K. Kane , Gary L. Ferrell , Scott K. Suko , Joseph A. Faulkner , Gregory K. Sinon , Francis W. Hopwood , Andrew J. Piloto
发明人： Thomas R. Turlington , Patrick G. Farrell , Gerald K. Kane , Gary L. Ferrell , Scott K. Suko , Joseph A. Faulkner , Gregory K. Sinon , Francis W. Hopwood , Andrew J. Piloto
CPC分类号： G01S7/032 , G01S7/034 , H01Q21/0025 , H01Q21/0087 , H01Q3/24 , H01Q3/247
摘要： A T/R module including a multilevel, multichip microwave package having a plurality of gallium arsenide monolithic microwave integrated circuit chips (MMICs) implementing RF switching elements, a variable phase shifter, a plurality of RF amplifiers, and gain trim attenuators and which are located on a planar RF assembly. The module's architecture includes shared or common MMIC circuit elements during both transmit and receive operation modes thus reducing the number of MMICs required while at the same time preloading the supply voltage regulator-modulator which supplies DC power to all the MMIC circuits without degrading T/R module efficiency.
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公开(公告)号：US4847624A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-11
申请号：US139512
申请日：1987-12-30
CPC分类号： G01S13/90 , G01S13/282
摘要： The present invention includes an apparatus that prebiases a transmitted radar signal. The prebiasing of the transmit signal automatically aligns the return signals in one dimension or dimensionally transforms the return signals thereby removing the need for one of the dimensional processing operations of a conventinal two dimensional return signal interpolator. A map function generator produces small frequency (phase) changes in the transmitted signal during each pulse over the entire integration or exposure period. The map function generator produces a parabolic frequency change control signal applied during the integration period. The control signal is divided into segments where each segment controls a single transmit pulse. The control signal modifies a linear frequency modulation control signal. conventionally produced by high resolution radar systems.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种预发射雷达信号的装置。 发射信号的预偏置自动地将返回信号对准一维，或者对返回信号进行尺寸变换，从而消除对传统二维返回信号内插器的维度处理操作之一的需要。 地图函数发生器在整个整合或曝光期间的每个脉冲期间产生发射信号的小频率（相位）变化。 地图函数发生器产生在积分期间施加的抛物线频率变化控制信号。 控制信号被分成段，每个段控制单个发射脉冲。 控制信号修改线性调频控制信号。 通常由高分辨率雷达系统生产。
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