-
公开(公告)号：US4361712A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-30
申请号：US151024
申请日：1980-05-19
IPC分类号： C07C67/00 , C07C201/00 , C07C201/08 , C07C201/16 , C07C205/06 , C07C205/21 , C07C76/02
CPC分类号： C07C201/08
摘要： The invention relates to a method of eliminating or substantially reducing the amount of cyanide formed in a polynitroaromatic, e.g. dinitrotoluene process. The invention comprises removing the nitrophenolic material from the mononitroaromatic formed in a first stage nitration of toluene prior to feeding the mononitroaromatic to the subsequent nitration zones.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种消除或显着减少在多硝基芳族化合物中形成的氰化物的量的方法。 二硝基甲苯工艺。 本发明包括在将单硝基芳族化合物送入后续硝化区之前，从在甲苯的第一阶段硝化中形成的一硝基芳族化合物中除去硝基酚物质。
-
公开(公告)号：US4597875A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US731424
申请日：1985-05-07
IPC分类号： C02F9/00 , C07C201/16 , C02F1/52 , C02F1/66
CPC分类号： C02F1/66 , C07C201/16 , C02F2101/345 , C02F2101/38 , Y10S210/909
摘要： This invention relates to a process for removing nitrocresols and picric acid contaminants from a wastewater stream generated in the production of nitroaromatics, particularly dinitrotoluene, by the mixed acid technique. The process involves contacting the crude dinitrotoluene generated by the mixed acid technique with an alkaline medium to generate an alkaline wash water containing water soluble nitrocresols and picric acid therein. This wastewater is separated from the organic component and recycled for contact with further quantities of crude dinitrotoluene product from the reactor. When the concentration of the water soluble salts of nitrocresols and picric acid is of sufficient concentration the wash water is treated with aqueous acid in sufficient proportion to convert the water soluble salts to water insoluble organics. After treatment with acid, the organic material is separated from the wastewater and the organics incinerated.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过混合酸技术从硝基芳族化合物，特别是二硝基甲苯生产中产生的废水流中除去硝基甲酚和苦味酸污染物的方法。 该方法包括将由混合酸技术产生的粗二硝基甲苯与碱性介质接触，以产生含有水溶性硝基甲酚和苦味酸的碱性洗涤水。 该废水与有机组分分离并再循环用于与来自反应器的另外量的粗二硝基甲苯产物接触。 当硝基甲酚和苦味酸的水溶性盐的浓度足够浓度时，洗涤水用足够比例的酸水溶液处理，以将水溶性盐转化为水不溶性有机物。 用酸处理后，有机物与废水分离，有机物被焚烧。
-
公开(公告)号：US3992293A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-16
申请号：US561046
申请日：1975-03-24
申请人： John E. Sawicki , James P. Murdock
发明人： John E. Sawicki , James P. Murdock
CPC分类号： C12H1/063 , B01D19/04 , B01D37/00 , Y10S435/812
摘要： A method of reducing foaming of a liquid containing dissolved carbon dioxide during filtering. The carbonated liquid to be filtered is adjusted in pH to a value of 6.5 to 8.0 by the addition of an alkaline material which reacts with the dissolved carbon dioxide to remove the carbon dioxide from solution. The elimination of the dissolved carbon dioxide results in decreasing foaming during filtering and substantially increases the rate of filtration.
摘要翻译： 在过滤期间减少含有溶解二氧化碳的液体起泡的方法。 通过添加与溶解的二氧化碳反应从而从溶液中除去二氧化碳的碱性物质将待过滤的碳酸化液体的pH值调节至6.5-8.0。 消除溶解的二氧化碳导致过滤期间发泡减少并且显着提高过滤速率。
-
4.发明授权Tandem waste stream treatment for the removal of nitroaromatics and nitrophenolics 失效用于除去硝基芳族化合物和硝基苯酚的串联废物流处理
公开(公告)号：US5356539A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US33597
申请日：1993-03-19
CPC分类号： C02F1/722 , C02F1/283 , C02F2101/38 , Y10S210/909
摘要： A process for removing nitroaromatic and nitrophenolic compounds from an alkaline wastewater stream generated in a process for the nitration of aromatic compounds by the mixed acid technique, which comprises(a) adjusting the pH of the aqueous alkaline waste stream containing nitroaromatic and nitrophenolic compounds to a range from about 2 to 4.5,(b) contacting the acidic aqueous stream with sufficient hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ion under conditions to effect oxidation of the nitrophenolic compounds,(c) adjusting the acidic, oxidized aqueous waste stream having a reduced nitrophenolic content to about pH .gtoreq.4, and(d) contacting the aqueous waste stream with a carbon adsorbent.
摘要翻译： 一种从用于通过混合酸法技术硝化芳族化合物的方法中产生的碱性废水流中除去硝基芳族和硝基酚化合物的方法，其包括（a）将含有硝基芳族化合物和硝基酚化合物的含水碱性废物流的pH调节至 在约2至4.5的范围内，（b）在足够的过氧化氢和亚铁离子的条件下使酸性水流与硝酸酚化合物氧化接触，（c）将具有降低的硝基酚含量的酸性氧化废水流调节至约 pH> = = 4，和（d）使废水与碳吸附剂接触。
-
公开(公告)号：US4367347A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-04
申请号：US269137
申请日：1981-06-01
申请人： John E. Sawicki
发明人： John E. Sawicki
IPC分类号： C07C67/00 , C07C201/00 , C07C201/16 , C07C205/06 , C07C79/10
CPC分类号： C07C201/16
摘要： A method for preparing substantially pure 2,4-DNT isomer from its admixture with other DNT isomers which comprises contacting the isomer mixture with aqueous sulfuric acid at an elevated temperature, separating excess DNT isomer mixture from the sulfuric acid phase and cooling the sulfuric acid phase. Also, in a method for producing dinitrotoluenes which comprises:(a) nitrating toluene in a first nitration stage with an aqueous mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids to form an organic phase containing mononitrotoluenes and a first aqueous spent acid phase;(b) separating the organic phase from the first aqueous spent acid phase;(c) nitrating the mononitrotoluenes contained in the organic phase in a second nitration stage using a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids to form an organic phase containing dinitrotoluenes and a second aqueous spent acid phase; and(d) separating the organic phase from the second aqueous spent acid phase for recovery of the dinitrotoluene product from the organic phase;the novel feature comprising:(e) cooling at least a portion of the first or second aqueous spent acid phase to a temperature sufficient to effect crystallization of substantially pure 2,4-DNT;(f) recovering the 2,4-DNT crystals from the cooled aqueous spent acid phase; and(g) returning the portion of the cooled spent acid phase to a nitration stage.
摘要翻译： 从其与其它DNT异构体的混合物制备基本上纯的2,4-DNT异构体的方法，其包括在高温下使异构体混合物与硫酸水溶液接触，从硫酸相分离过量的DNT异构体混合物并冷却硫酸相 。 此外，在制备二硝基甲苯的方法中，其包括：（a）在第一硝化阶段用硫酸和硝酸的含水混合物硝化甲苯以形成含有单硝基甲苯和第一含水废酸相的有机相; （b）将有机相与第一含水废酸相分离; （c）在第二硝化阶段使用硫酸和硝酸的混合物硝化有机相中所含的单硝基甲苯以形成含有二硝基甲苯和第二废酸水相的有机相; 和（d）将有机相与第二废酸水相分离，以从有机相中回收二硝基甲苯产物; 该新颖特征包括：（e）将至少一部分第一或第二含水废酸相冷却到足以实现基本上纯的2,4-DNT的结晶的温度; （f）从冷却的废酸水相中回收2,4-DNT晶体; 和（g）将冷却的废酸相的一部分返回到硝化阶段。
-
公开(公告)号：US4228188A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-14
申请号：US883907
申请日：1978-03-06
摘要： An improved method of mashing and lautering. A mash is formed having a high malt to water ratio in the range of about 0.30 to 0.45 to 1. After mashing, and prior to lautering, the mash is diluted with water to produce an equivalent malt-to-water ratio below 0.25 to 1 and generally in the range of about 0.19 to 0.22 to 1. The diluted mash is then lautered by standard procedures to separate the wort from the spent grains. Due to the high concentration of malt in the mash, the conversion yield, or the amount of dissolved solids extracted from the malt, is increased and the dilution prior to lautering not only reduces the time for lautering but also upsets the concentration equilibrium between the liquids and grains, causing a further improvement in the extract yield.
摘要翻译： 改进的糖化和过滤方法。 形成麦芽汁与水的比例在约0.30至0.45至1的范围内。在糖化之后，并且在过滤之前，用水稀释糊状物以产生低于0.25至1的等效麦芽糖与水的比例 并且通常在约0.19至0.22至1的范围内。然后通过标准程序将稀释的醪液过滤以将麦芽汁与废谷物分离。 由于麦芽中的高浓度麦芽，转化率或从麦芽中提取的溶解固体的量增加，并且在过滤之前的稀释度不仅减少了打纬的时间，而且使得液体之间的浓度平衡变得混乱 和谷物，导致提取物产量进一步提高。
-
公开(公告)号：US5250193A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US921190
申请日：1992-07-28
CPC分类号： C02F11/08 , C02F11/086 , Y10S210/908 , Y10S210/909
摘要： This invention relates to improved wet oxidation process for the destruction of organic components in a wastewater stream contaminated with inorganic salts. In wet oxidation, the wastewater stream is contacted with an oxygen-containing water stream at elevated temperatures and pressures. The improvement for treating aqueous wastewater streams contaminated with inorganic salts wherein the organic contaminants are present in an amount from about 0.5 to 2% by weight resides in oxidizing the organic components in a tubular reactor at a temperature ranging from 325.degree. C. to not more than 370.degree. C. and a pressure ranging from 220 to 345 bar. The oxidation reaction is carried out in a reaction time of 5 minutes or less.
-
公开(公告)号：US4650912A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-17
申请号：US716061
申请日：1985-03-26
IPC分类号： C07C201/16 , C07C79/10
CPC分类号： C07C201/16
摘要： In a method for denitrifying the nitric acid- and nitrous acid-containing spent acid phase from the nitration of an aromatic hydrocarbon by the mixed acid process which comprises forming a denitrification reaction medium by contacting the spent acid phase with an aromatic hydrocarbon under nitration reaction conditions to recover the nitric acid by the formation of a nitroaromatic hydrocarbon, the improvement which comprises(a) adding an amount of aromatic hydrocarbon which is slightly less than or equal to the stoichiometric amount necessary to deplete the spent acid phase of nitric acid,(b) photometrically monitoring the denitrification reaction medium for the appearance of a dark red to black color, and(c) upon detection of such color, adjusting the aromatic hydrocarbon:nitric acid molar ratio in the denitrification reaction medium to eliminate the color by reducing the aromatic hydrocarbon feed rate, or adding nitric acid to the denitrification reaction medium.
摘要翻译： 在通过混合酸法使芳族烃硝化反硝化含硝酸和亚硝酸的废酸相的方法中，其包括通过在硝化反应条件下使废酸相与芳族烃接触来形成反硝化反应介质 通过形成硝基芳族烃来回收硝酸，其改进包括（a）加入一定量的少于或等于耗尽硝酸废酸所需化学计量的芳烃，（b ）用于对脱氮反应介质进行光度监测，以显示深红色至黑色，以及（c）在检测到这种颜色后，调节反硝化反应介质中的芳烃：硝酸摩尔比以通过还原芳族化合物来消除颜色 烃进料速率，或向脱氮反应介质中加入硝酸。
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
搜索结果
8 条记录 (耗时 0.016 秒)
