公开(公告)号：US20100063271A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-11

申请号：US12402489

申请日：2009-03-11

申请人： G. Graham Allan ,  Thomas E. Loop ,  James D. Flynn

发明人： G. Graham Allan ,  Thomas E. Loop ,  James D. Flynn

IPC分类号： C07H1/00

CPC分类号： B01J3/008 ,  B01J8/0045 ,  B01J8/1836 ,  B01J8/20 ,  B01J8/42 ,  B01J19/087 ,  B01J2219/0854 ,  B01J2219/089 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C13K1/02 ,  Y02P20/544 ,  Y02P30/20

摘要： Disclosed herein are supercritical fluid biomass conversion machines, systems, and methods for converting a wide range of biomass materials into a plurality of reaction products including fermentable sugars and various aromatic substances. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed that comprises the steps of: providing an extruder; conveying a mixture of the selected biomass material and water through the extruder and into a supercritical fluid biomass conversion zone; heating and further pressurizing the mixture within the supercritical fluid biomass conversion zone to yield at least supercritical water, wherein heat energy is supplied by means of an induction heating coil positioned circumferentially about the supercritical fluid biomass conversion zone; retaining the mixture within the supercritical fluid biomass conversion zone for a period of time sufficient to yield the plurality of reaction products; and separating the plurality of reaction products into at least a water soluble fraction and an organic solvent soluble fraction.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了将大范围生物质材料转化为包括可发酵糖和各种芳族物质的多种反应产物的超临界流体生物质转化机，系统和方法。 在一个实施方案中，公开了一种方法，其包括以下步骤：提供挤出机; 将所选生物质材料和水的混合物通过挤出机输送到超临界流体生物质转化区; 加热并进一步对超临界流体生物质转化区内的混合物进行加压以产生至少超临界水，其中热能通过围绕超临界流体生物质转化区周向定位的感应加热线圈供应; 将混合物保持在超临界流体生物质转化区内足以产生多个反应产物的时间; 以及将所述多个反应产物分离成至少水溶性部分和有机溶剂可溶组分。

公开(公告)号：US20220023814A1

公开(公告)日：2022-01-27

申请号：US17222618

申请日：2021-04-05

申请人： Thomas Erik Loop ,  James D. Flynn ,  G. Graham Allan

发明人： Thomas Erik Loop ,  James D. Flynn ,  G. Graham Allan

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J19/18

摘要： The machinery and methods disclosed herein are based on the use of a specialized extruder configured to continuously convey and plasticize/moltenize selected lignocellulosic biomass and/or waste plastic materials into a novel variable volume tubular reactor, wherein the plasticized/moltenized material undergoes reaction with circumferentially injected supercritical water—thereby yielding valuable simple sugar solutions and/or liquid hydrocarbon mixtures (e.g., “neodiesel”), both of which are key chemical commodity products. The reaction time may be adjusted by changing the reactor volume. The machinery includes four zones: (1) a feedstock conveyance and plasticization/moltenization zone; (2) a steam generation and manifold distribution zone; (3) a central supercritical water reaction zone; and (4) a pressure let-down and reaction product separation zone. The machinery and methods minimize water usage—thereby enabling the economic utilization of abundant biomass and waste plastics as viable renewable feedstocks for subsequent conversion into alternative liquid transportation fuels and valuable green-chemical products.

公开(公告)号：US11498040B2

公开(公告)日：2022-11-15

申请号：US17222618

申请日：2021-04-05

申请人： Thomas Erik Loop ,  James D. Flynn ,  G. Graham Allan

发明人： Thomas Erik Loop ,  James D. Flynn ,  G. Graham Allan

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J19/18

摘要： The machinery and methods disclosed herein are based on the use of a specialized extruder configured to continuously convey and plasticize/moltenize selected lignocellulosic biomass and/or waste plastic materials into a novel variable volume tubular reactor, wherein the plasticized/moltenized material undergoes reaction with circumferentially injected supercritical water—thereby yielding valuable simple sugar solutions and/or liquid hydrocarbon mixtures (e.g., “neodiesel”), both of which are key chemical commodity products. The reaction time may be adjusted by changing the reactor volume. The machinery includes four zones: (1) a feedstock conveyance and plasticization/moltenization zone; (2) a steam generation and manifold distribution zone; (3) a central supercritical water reaction zone; and (4) a pressure let-down and reaction product separation zone. The machinery and methods minimize water usage—thereby enabling the economic utilization of abundant biomass and waste plastics as viable renewable feedstocks for subsequent conversion into alternative liquid transportation fuels and valuable green-chemical products.

公开(公告)号：US20210069732A1

公开(公告)日：2021-03-11

申请号：US16564962

申请日：2019-09-09

申请人： Thomas Erik Loop ,  James D. Flynn ,  G. Graham Allan

发明人： Thomas Erik Loop ,  James D. Flynn ,  G. Graham Allan

IPC分类号： B04C5/04 ,  B04C5/081 ,  B04C5/107 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B29B17/02

摘要： A supercritical hydrocyclotron for transforming one or more selected polymeric materials into a plurality of reaction products via supercritical or near-supercritical water reaction that enable the rapid and economic conversion of solid biomass and/or waste plastic materials (i.e., organic materials) into smaller liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon molecules—smaller hydrocarbon molecules that, in turn, are useful as chemical feedstock materials including, for example, liquid transportation fuels and bio-adhesives. The innovative supercritical hydrocyclonic systems and related mobile units disclosed herein comprise, in combination, (1) a supercritical water (or near-supercritical water) treatment system for converting organic materials into smaller hydrocarbon molecules, and (2) a hydrocyclonic separation system for recovering the smaller hydrocarbon molecules from the combined water/hydrocarbon effluent.

公开(公告)号：US4526651A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-02

申请号：US654283

申请日：1984-09-24

申请人： G. Graham Allan

发明人： G. Graham Allan

IPC分类号： D21C9/10

CPC分类号： D21C9/1036

摘要： This invention is a process for maintaining pulp viscosity while enhancing brightness during the oxygen bleaching stage or stages of pulp preparation in the manufacture of paper comprising adding an effective amount of melamine to paper pulp prior to the oxygen bleaching stage.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种维持纸浆粘度的方法，同时在氧气漂白阶段或制纸期间的纸浆制备阶段增强亮度，包括在氧漂白阶段之前向纸浆中加入有效量的三聚氰胺。

公开(公告)号：US4062855A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-13

申请号：US184259

申请日：1971-09-27

申请人： G. Graham Allan ,  Sreeman Amar Nath Neogi

发明人： G. Graham Allan ,  Sreeman Amar Nath Neogi

IPC分类号： A01N37/10 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N43/90

CPC分类号： A01N43/40 ,  A01N37/10 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N43/90

摘要： Synthetic, substantially water-insoluble organic polymers having a backbone or main chain including repeating units of at least one polymer forming biologically active component such as a pesticide are capable of slowly degrading in the medium where their activity is desired to slowly release the free biologically active component and thereby prolong the period of effectiveness of the biologically active component.

摘要翻译： 具有主链或主链的合成的基本上不溶于水的有机聚合物，其包含至少一种形成生物活性组分如农药的聚合物的重复单元，能够在需要其活性以缓慢释放游离生物活性的培养基中缓慢降解 从而延长生物活性成分的有效期。

公开(公告)号：US5275699A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US957683

申请日：1992-10-07

申请人： G. Graham Allan ,  John P. Carroll

发明人： G. Graham Allan ,  John P. Carroll

IPC分类号： D21H13/00 ,  D21H17/67 ,  D21H17/70

CPC分类号： D21H17/70 ,  D21H17/675

摘要： There is disclosed a filled cellulosic fiber composition, as well as a method for filling dried cellulosic fibers with an inorganic filler by contacting the dried fibers with a first salt solution, followed by contact with a second salt solution. The first and second salt solutions combine to form a precipitate within the cell wall of the cellulosic fibers. The filled cellulosic fiber composition may be made into a variety of paper products, including paper, having a high filler content. The precipitates of the present invention include carbonates, phosphates, silicates and borates of aluminum, barium, calcium, magnesium and zinc. The first salts include carbonates, phosphates, silicates and borates of sodium, ammonium, potassium and lithium, and the second salts include chlorides, nitrates, and sulfates of aluminum, barium, calcium, magnesium and zinc. In a preferred embodiment, the first salt is sodium carbonate, the second salt is calcium nitrate or calcium chloride, and the precipitate is calcium carbonate.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种填充纤维素纤维组合物，以及通过使干燥的纤维与第一盐溶液接触，然后与第二盐溶液接触的方式，用无机填料填充干燥的纤维素纤维。 第一和第二盐溶液结合以在纤维素纤维的细胞壁内形成沉淀。 填充的纤维素纤维组合物可以制成具有高填料含量的各种纸制品，包括纸。 本发明的沉淀物包括铝，钡，钙，镁和锌的碳酸盐，磷酸盐，硅酸盐和硼酸盐。 第一种盐包括钠，铵，钾和锂的碳酸盐，磷酸盐，硅酸盐和硼酸盐，第二种盐包括铝，钡，钙，镁和锌的氯化物，硝酸盐和硫酸盐。 在优选的实施方案中，第一种盐是碳酸钠，第二种盐是硝酸钙或氯化钙，沉淀物是碳酸钙。

公开(公告)号：US4611039A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-09

申请号：US319193

申请日：1981-11-09

申请人： James C. Powell ,  G. Graham Allan

发明人： James C. Powell ,  G. Graham Allan

IPC分类号： G02B1/04 ,  C08F212/06 ,  C08F212/08 ,  G02C7/04

CPC分类号： G02B1/043

摘要： Wettable, oxygen and carbon dioxide permeable, optically clear contact lenses are made of a composition comprising styrene or a substituted styrene compound, an ethylenically polyunsaturated crosslinking compound and an ethylenically unsaturated silicone containing compound and an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride compound.

摘要翻译： 可湿性，氧气和二氧化碳可渗透的光学透明隐形眼镜由包含苯乙烯或取代的苯乙烯化合物，烯属多不饱和交联化合物和含烯属不饱和硅氧烷的化合物和α，β-不饱和二羧酸酐化合物的组合物制成。

公开(公告)号：US4484980A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-27

申请号：US537889

申请日：1983-09-30

申请人： G. Graham Allan

发明人： G. Graham Allan

IPC分类号： D21C9/10 ,  D21C9/12 ,  D21C9/14

CPC分类号： D21C9/1036

摘要： A process for maintaining pulp viscosity during the bleaching stage or stages of pulp preparation in the manufacture of paper comprising adding an effective amount of caffeine or guanine prior to or during the bleaching stage. One example adds caffeine or guanine to one bleach stage of a chlorine bleaching sequence.

摘要翻译： 在制造纸的漂白阶段或纸浆制备阶段期间维持纸浆粘度的方法，包括在漂白阶段之前或期间加入有效量的咖啡因或鸟嘌呤。 一个例子是在氯漂白序列的一个漂白阶段加入咖啡因或鸟嘌呤。

公开(公告)号：US5156772A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-20

申请号：US193291

申请日：1988-05-11

申请人： G. Graham Allan ,  Kenneth N. Bates ,  Amar N. Neogi

发明人： G. Graham Allan ,  Kenneth N. Bates ,  Amar N. Neogi

IPC分类号： H01B1/22 ,  H05K1/09 ,  H05K3/00 ,  H05K3/12 ,  H05K3/40 ,  H05K3/46

CPC分类号： H05K3/4069 ,  H01B1/22 ,  H05K1/095 ,  H05K3/0091 ,  H05K3/1241 ,  H05K2201/09581 ,  H05K2201/09827 ,  H05K2201/0989 ,  H05K2203/0126 ,  H05K2203/0763 ,  H05K3/4644

摘要： Materials are disclosed which are used to produce traces on a circuit board by means of extrusion. The materials are polymer thick films (PTF) which are thixotropic. Conductive traces are composed of conductive particles, a resin and hardener, and two solvents, one having a relatively high volatility and one having a relatively low volatility. Thus when a newly deposited trace is subjected to a stream of hot air, the fast solvent will substantially evaporate leaving a firm paste behind over which another layer of PTF can be written without causing interference between the layers. The slow solvent then permits the various layers of traces to be polymerized together at the same time in a one step operation. The insulative material is similar to the conductive material in that it includes a resin and hardener and two solvents of differening volatility. In addition, in the preferred mode, it includes a gelling agent.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于通过挤压在电路板上产生迹线的材料。 这些材料是触变性的聚合物厚膜（PTF）。 导电迹线由导电颗粒，树脂和硬化剂以及两种挥发性相对较高的挥发性溶剂和挥发性相对低的溶剂构成。 因此，当新沉积的痕迹经受热空气流时，快速溶剂将基本蒸发，留下坚固的糊料，在其上可以写入另一层PTF，而不会引起层之间的干扰。 缓慢的溶剂然后允许各种迹线在一步操作中同时聚合在一起。 绝缘材料类似于导电材料，因为其包括树脂和硬化剂以及两种不同挥发性的溶剂。 此外，在优选模式中，它包括胶凝剂。