公开(公告)号：US4403325A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-06

申请号：US240620

申请日：1981-03-05

申请人： Gunthard Born ,  Konrad Altmann

发明人： Gunthard Born ,  Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： H01S3/0953 ,  H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S3/0953

摘要： In a gasdynamic CO.sub.2 laser mixing of hot and cold gasses takes place simultaneously with causing an inversion. The cold gas is air supplied through a compressor at a pressure in the range of 1 to 10 bar into the combustion chamber. Preferably the compressor output is supplied to two points of the combustion chamber, namely a zone directly upstream of and adjacent to the Laval nozzle and a zone in the combustion chamber further removed from the Laval nozzle.

摘要翻译： 在气动二氧化碳激光器中，热和冷气体的混合同时发生，导致反转。 冷气体通过压缩机在1至10巴的压力范围内供应到燃烧室中。 优选地，压缩机输出被供应到燃烧室的两个点，即直接拉瓦尔喷嘴上游和邻近拉瓦尔喷嘴的区域，并且燃烧室中的区域进一步从拉瓦尔喷嘴中移除。

公开(公告)号：US4407452A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-04

申请号：US234260

申请日：1981-02-13

申请人： Gunthard Born ,  Konrad Altmann

发明人： Gunthard Born ,  Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： H01S3/0953 ,  B05B15/00 ,  B05B17/00

CPC分类号： H01S3/0953

摘要： In a molecular laser a cold gas flow is mixed with the hot gas flow by inducing the cold gas flow through slots (13) arranged upstream of the neck (11) of the Laval nozzle (10) through which the hot gas stream flows. In this way a rapid mixing is accomplished for generating non-balanced conditions in a laser gas. Preferably the mixing takes place substantially in the nozzle neck.

摘要翻译： 在分子激光器中，通过将冷气流引入布置在拉瓦尔喷嘴（10）的颈部（11）的上游的狭槽（13），冷气流与热气流混合，通过热气流流过冷气流。 以这种方式，实现快速混合以在激光气体中产生非平衡条件。 优选地，混合基本上在喷嘴颈部中进行。

公开(公告)号：US4413345A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-01

申请号：US386767

申请日：1982-06-09

申请人： Konrad Altmann

发明人： Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： H01S3/041 ,  H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S3/041

摘要： In a gasdynamic laser in which the hot flowing lasing medium (e.g. CO.sub.2 --N.sub.2) is cooled by expansion in a Laval nozzle 1, liquid droplets are introduced into the expanding lasing medium to increase the cooling effect. The liquid can be water, preferably heavy water, from a container 4 pressurized by the laser medium in plenum 6 and introduced from pipes 3 into a region immediately before the nozzle neck 2 so as to be atomized and accelerated through the neck 2. Evaporation occurs downstream of the neck and causes an increase in the cooling. The droplets preferably have a size in the range 1-20 .mu.m and may contain dissolved CO.sub.2. The droplets may be dispersed in a super cooled gas which is then injected into the lasing medium.

摘要翻译： 在其中通过拉瓦尔喷嘴1中的膨胀冷却热流动的激光介质（例如CO 2 -N 2）的气动激光器中，将液滴引入到扩展的激光介质中以增加冷却效果。 液体可以是来自容器4的水，优选重的水，由容器4中的激光介质加压，并且从管3被引入到紧挨着喷嘴颈部2的区域之间，从而被雾化并通过颈部2加速。蒸发发生 在颈部下游并导致冷却增加。 液滴的尺寸优选为1-20μm，并且可以含有溶解的CO 2。 液滴可以分散在超冷却的气体中，然后将其注入到激光介质中。

公开(公告)号：US5103088A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-07

申请号：US548251

申请日：1990-07-05

申请人： Thorsteinn Halldorsson ,  Konrad Altmann ,  Ernst A. Seiffarth

发明人： Thorsteinn Halldorsson ,  Konrad Altmann ,  Ernst A. Seiffarth

IPC分类号： G01S3/781

CPC分类号： G01S3/781

摘要： An optical sensor device for recognizing optical irradiation and detecting its direction is constructed as a spherical-shell section from dielectric, optically transparent material. The irradiation penetrating into the spherical-shell section is reflected back and forth between the exterior and the interior surface or between a mirror and a thin shell via an air gap or vacuum gap, and is thus deflected to the shell edge. Since signals of different intensities are received at the irradiation detector at the beam edge according to the direction of incidence, the direction of incidence of the irradiation can be determined from the relationship of the signals.

摘要翻译： 用于识别光照射并检测其方向的光学传感器装置由电介质光学透明材料构成为球壳部分。 穿透球壳部分的辐射通过气隙或真空间隙在外表面和内表面之间或反射镜和薄壳体之间来回反射，并因此被偏转到壳体边缘。 由于根据入射方向在光束边缘处的照射检测器处接收到不同强度的信号，所以可以根据信号的关系来确定照射的入射方向。

公开(公告)号：US4914284A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-03

申请号：US262480

申请日：1988-10-25

申请人： Thorstein Halldorsson ,  Konrad Altmann ,  Ernst-August Seiffarth

发明人： Thorstein Halldorsson ,  Konrad Altmann ,  Ernst-August Seiffarth

IPC分类号： G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/06 ,  G01S3/784 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G08B13/193

CPC分类号： G02B6/262 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0411 ,  G01J1/0422 ,  G01J1/0425 ,  G01J1/06 ,  G01S3/784 ,  G02B6/241 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G08B13/193 ,  G01J1/0214 ,  G01J1/0266 ,  G01J1/0271

摘要： An optical wide angle sensor head for directionally sensing optical radiation is made of a plurality of individual sensor optical elements. Each sensor optical element is arranged at an input end of its own fiber optical conductor and has its own light entrance, its own field of view and its own individual optical axis. Neighboring fields of view may overlap each other. The fiber optical conductors lead to a transducer for converting the individual light signals into respective electrical signals. The individual sensor optical elements are arranged on a common mounting member in a housing so that the individual optical axes pass through a common intersection in front of said light entrances. The mounting member is a flat plate or a concave plate having a concave curvature facing in the viewing direction, whereby a spherical mounting is avoided.

摘要翻译： 用于定向感测光辐射的光学广角传感器头由多个单独的传感器光学元件制成。 每个传感器光学元件布置在其自身的光纤导体的输入端，并且具有其自身的光入射，其自身的视场和其各自的光轴。 相邻的视野可能彼此重叠。 纤维光导体通向用于将各个光信号转换成相应的电信号的换能器。 单独的传感器光学元件布置在壳体中的公共安装构件上，使得各个光轴穿过所述光入口前面的公共交叉点。 安装构件是具有面向观察方向的凹曲面的平板或凹板，从而避免了球形安装。

公开(公告)号：US4847481A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-11

申请号：US138601

申请日：1987-12-28

申请人： Konrad Altmann

发明人： Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： F41G7/26 ,  G01S1/70

CPC分类号： G01S1/70 ,  F41G7/26

摘要： An arrangement for position finding of a laser beam in a scattering medium with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver followed by an evaluation circuit. In order to be able to differentiate in the incoming laser radiation the unscattered coherent content and the scattered content, the laser transmitter is connected to a modulation circuit for intensity modulation of the transmitted laser beam with a characteristic modulation frequency (f.sub.L >1/T.sub.s) with the pulse duration spread being T.sub.s, which a brief laser pulse experiences upon being scattered in the medium. In addition, the receiver is connected to an electronic frequency filter tuned to the characteristic modulation frequency. Thereby, essentially only the unscattered coherent content of the laser beam is utilized for evaluation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在具有激光发射器和激光接收器的散射介质中的激光束的位置查找的布置，随后是评估电路。 为了能够区分入射的激光辐射，不散射的相干含量和散射的内容，激光发射器以特征调制频率（fL> 1 / Ts）连接到用于发射的激光束的强度调制的调制电路， 其中脉冲持续时间扩展为Ts，短暂的激光脉冲在分散在介质中时经历。 此外，接收机连接到调谐到特征调制频率的电子滤波器。 因此，基本上仅使用激光束的未散射相干含量进行评估。

公开(公告)号：US4517677A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-14

申请号：US387189

申请日：1982-06-10

申请人： Konrad Altmann

发明人： Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/098 ,  H01S3/05

CPC分类号： H01S3/08045 ,  H01S3/08068

摘要： A stable optical laser resonator is formed by two mirrors facing each other. At least one of the mirrors operates as a decoupling device for decoupling a coherent, pulsating laser beam from the resonator. For this purpose the decoupling mirror has a zone or zones which are permeable or partially permeable to the laser beam. These zones are located in predetermined areas of the mirror and the size of these zones is relatively small compared to the total effective mirror surface. Preferably, the active lasing medium is limited to a narrow cross-sectional area perpendicularly to the optical axis of the resonator. The narrow cross-sectional area has an approximately rectangular shape for enforcing the one-dimensional oscillation movement of a laser beam.

摘要翻译： 稳定的光学激光谐振器由彼此面对的两个反射镜形成。 至少一个反射镜用作去耦合来自谐振器的相干脉动激光束的去耦装置。 为此，去耦镜具有对于激光束是可渗透的或部分可渗透的区域或区域。 这些区域位于反射镜的预定区域中，并且这些区域的尺寸与总有效镜面相比相对较小。 优选地，有源激光介质限于垂直于谐振器的光轴的窄横截面面积。 狭窄的横截面面积具有近似矩形的形状，用于强化激光束的一维振荡运动。

公开(公告)号：US20060078030A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-13

申请号：US10526574

申请日：2003-09-02

申请人： Konrad Altmann

发明人： Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S3/0941 ,  H01S3/0405 ,  H01S3/0407 ,  H01S3/0604 ,  H01S3/0606 ,  H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/0817 ,  H01S3/09408 ,  H01S3/094084 ,  H01S5/4031

摘要： The invention relates to a solid laser, wherein a laser active material is pumped with the aid of at least one pump light source, e.g. of one of several laser diode arrays, at least in an approximately perpendicular manner in relation to the axis of a laser beam extending essentially inside said laser material. The pump beams are reproduced or focussed in said material with the aid of focusing optical elements, e.g. cylindrical lenses. At least one boundary surface, which is arranged opposite the incident surface, is provided in the material and is embodied in such a manner that the pump beams are reflected thereon and radiate once more through the laser material and/or such that an external reflector is arranged behind said opposite boundary surface and returns the pump beams into the material. The laser material can be doped in partial areas only.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种固体激光器，其中激光活性材料借助于至少一个泵浦光源例如泵浦泵送。 至少以基本上在所述激光材料内部延伸的激光束的轴线的大致垂直的方式设置几个激光二极管阵列中的一个。 借助于聚焦光学元件，例如泵浦光束被再现或聚焦在所述材料中。 柱面透镜。 至少一个与入射表面相对设置的边界表面设置在材料中，并以这样的方式实现，即泵浦光束在其上被反射并再次通过激光材料辐射和/或使外部反射器 布置在相对的边界表面之后，并将泵梁返回到材料中。 激光材料可仅在部分区域中掺杂。

公开(公告)号：US6118804A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-12

申请号：US68156

申请日：1998-05-04

申请人： Konrad Altmann ,  Thorsteinn Halldorsson

发明人： Konrad Altmann ,  Thorsteinn Halldorsson

IPC分类号： H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/042 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/083 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S3/23 ,  H01S3/091

CPC分类号： H01S3/09415 ,  H01S3/042 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/08059 ,  H01S3/0813 ,  H01S3/083 ,  H01S3/09408 ,  H01S3/094084

摘要： A laser amplification system with a lasant solid-state material is pumped by pumped light sources and in the case of which one or several pumped beams are guided by mirrors or other optical aids such that each individual pumped beam is focussed several times on different points of the solid-state material, the latter being present in the form of a cohesive or separate solid body which is designed such that the pumped beam is absorbed only in the focal regions, whereby the latter are optically pumped, and in that the laser beam is deflected and guided such that it irradiates all these focal points and is amplified in this manner. This provides a laser amplification system in which the system characteristics are optimized simultaneously, which, in addition, permits a compact construction and is designed such that it is suitable for mass production at reasonable cost.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 04704 Sec。 371日期：1998年5月4日 102（e）日期1998年5月4日PCT 1996年10月30日PCT公布。 第WO97 / 17747号公报 日期1997年5月15日具有惰性固体材料的激光放大系统通过泵浦光源泵送，并且在其中一个或多个泵浦光束由反射镜或其它光学辅助器引导的情况下，使得每个单独的泵浦光束聚焦几次 在固体材料的不同点上，后者以凝聚或分离的固体的形式存在，其被设计成使得泵浦的光束仅在焦点区域中被吸收，由此后者被光泵浦，并且因此 激光束被偏转和引导，使得它照射所有这些焦点并以这种方式被放大。 这提供了其中系统特性被同时优化的激光放大系统，此外还允许紧凑的结构并且被设计成使其适合以合理的成本进行批量生产。

公开(公告)号：US20070005309A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-04

申请号：US11174149

申请日：2005-07-01

申请人： Konrad Altmann

发明人： Konrad Altmann

IPC分类号： G06F17/10

CPC分类号： G06F17/5018 ,  G06F2217/16 ,  H01S5/0035

摘要： In a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method to compute eigenmodes, time dependent dynamic mode structure, stability, beam quality, and laser power output of a laser cavity, the number of nodes of the discretization grid necessary to obtain sufficient accuracy is reduced by the use of a transformation of the differential equations describing the electromagnetic field. This removes the periodic fluctuations of the electromagnetic field from the mathematical expressions by the use of a product representation for the field variables with one term representing the periodic field oscillations, which have a scale length corresponding to the wave length, and another term representing the transformed field variables which are almost free of these small scale oscillations.

摘要翻译： 在有限元分析（FEA）方法中，计算本征模式，时间依赖性动态模式结构，稳定性，光束质量和激光腔的激光功率输出，获得足够精度所必需的离散网格的节点数量由 使用描述电磁场的微分方程的变换。 这通过使用场变量的乘积表示来消除电磁场的周期性波动，其中一个术语表示周期性场振荡，其具有对应于波长的比例长度，另一个术语表示变换的 几乎没有这些小规模振荡的场变量。