公开(公告)号：US20060267616A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11140765

申请日：2005-05-31

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Chih-Chao Yang

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Chih-Chao Yang

IPC分类号： G01R31/02

CPC分类号： G01R31/2858 ,  H01L21/76886 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H04B7/0814 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： Systems and methods for controlling electro-migration, and reducing the deleterious effects thereof, are disclosed. Embodiments provide for reversal of an applied voltage to an integrated circuit when a measurement indicative of an extent of electro-migration indicates that a healing cycle of operation is warranted. During the healing cycle, circuits of the integrated circuit function normally, but electro-migration effects are reversed. In one embodiment, micro-electro-mechanical switches are provided at a lowest level of metallization to switch the direction of current through the levels of metallization of the integrated circuit. In another embodiment, if the measurement indicative of the extent of electro-migration exceeds a reference level by a specifiable amount, then the voltage applied to the integrated circuit is reversed in polarity to cause current to switch directions to counter electro-migration. A plurality of switches are provided to switch current directions through a lowest level of metallization so that the circuits function normally even though the polarity of the applied voltage has been reversed.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于控制电迁移的系统和方法，并减少其有害影响。 实施例提供了当指示电迁移程度的测量指示操作的愈合周期是有必要的时将施加的电压反转到集成电路。 在愈合周期中，集成电路的电路正常工作，但电迁移效应相反。 在一个实施例中，微电子机械开关设置在最低级别的金属化处，以将电流方向切换到集成电路的金属化水平。 在另一个实施例中，如果指示电迁移程度的测量超过参考电平达指定量，则施加到集成电路的电压的极性反转，导致电流切换方向以对抗电迁移。 提供多个开关以切换电流方向通过最低金属化水平，使得即使施加的电压的极性已经被反转，电路也能正常工作。

公开(公告)号：US20050127978A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-16

申请号：US10967756

申请日：2004-10-18

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Gareth Nicholls ,  Philip Murfet ,  Samuel Ray

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Gareth Nicholls ,  Philip Murfet ,  Samuel Ray

IPC分类号： H01C17/22 ,  H03K3/00

CPC分类号： H01C17/22

摘要： Described is a system for trimming the value of an electronic component. The system comprises: at least one trimming component, each trimming component having an associated switch for selectively connecting that trimming component to the electronic component in response to a corresponding bit in a control vector. A comparator is included for generating an output bit having a first value if a net value of the electronic component and any connected trimming components differs from a desired value. A controller connected to the switches and the comparator generates the control vector in dependence on the output of comparator, the controller comprising a shift register for sequentially receiving successive output bits from the comparator; wherein the control vector comprises the contents of the shift register and wherein a bit of said first value in control vector effects switching of the corresponding switch.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于修整电子部件的值的系统。 该系统包括：至少一个修整部件，每个修剪部件具有相关联的开关，用于响应于控制矢量中的对应位选择性地将修剪部件连接到电子部件。 如果电子部件的净值和任何连接的修整部件与期望值不同，则包括比较器以产生具有第一值的输出位。 连接到开关和比较器的控制器根据比较器的输出产生控制向量，该控制器包括用于顺序地从比较器接收连续输出位的移位寄存器; 其中所述控制向量包括所述移位寄存器的内容，并且其中所述控制矢量中的所述第一值的位影响相应开关的切换。

公开(公告)号：US20070103173A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-10

申请号：US11566796

申请日：2006-12-05

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Chih-Chao Yang

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Chih-Chao Yang

IPC分类号： G01R27/08

CPC分类号： G01R31/2858 ,  H01L21/76886 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H04B7/0814 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： Systems and methods for controlling electro-migration, and reducing the deleterious effects thereof, are disclosed. Embodiments provide for reversal of an applied voltage to an integrated circuit when a measurement indicative of an extent of electro-migration indicates that a healing cycle of operation is warranted. During the healing cycle, circuits of the integrated circuit function normally, but electro-migration effects are reversed. In one embodiment, micro-electro-mechanical switches are provided at a lowest level of metallization to switch the direction of current through the levels of metallization of the integrated circuit. In another embodiment, if the measurement indicative of the extent of electro-migration exceeds a reference level by a specifiable amount, then the voltage applied to the integrated circuit is reversed in polarity to cause current to switch directions to counter electro-migration. A plurality of switches are provided to switch current directions through a lowest level of metallization so that the circuits function normally even though the polarity of the applied voltage has been reversed.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于控制电迁移的系统和方法，并减少其有害影响。 实施例提供了当指示电迁移程度的测量指示操作的愈合周期是有必要的时将施加的电压反转到集成电路。 在愈合周期中，集成电路的电路正常工作，但电迁移效应相反。 在一个实施例中，微电子机械开关设置在最低级别的金属化处，以将电流方向切换到集成电路的金属化水平。 在另一个实施例中，如果指示电迁移程度的测量超过参考电平达指定量，则施加到集成电路的电压的极性反转，导致电流切换方向以对抗电迁移。 提供多个开关以切换电流方向通过最低金属化水平，使得即使施加的电压的极性已经被反转，电路也能正常工作。

公开(公告)号：US20080068038A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-20

申请号：US11942241

申请日：2007-11-19

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Chih-Chao Yang

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason ,  Chih-Chao Yang

IPC分类号： G01R31/02

CPC分类号： G01R31/2858 ,  H01L21/76886 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H04B7/0814 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： Systems and methods for controlling electro-migration, and reducing the deleterious effects thereof, are disclosed. Embodiments provide for reversal of an applied voltage to an integrated circuit when a measurement indicative of an extent of electro-migration indicates that a healing cycle of operation is warranted. During the healing cycle, circuits of the integrated circuit function normally, but electro-migration effects are reversed. In one embodiment, micro-electro-mechanical switches are provided at a lowest level of metallization to switch the direction of current through the levels of metallization of the integrated circuit. In another embodiment, if the measurement indicative of the extent of electro-migration exceeds a reference level by a specifiable amount, then the voltage applied to the integrated circuit is reversed in polarity to cause current to switch directions to counter electro-migration. A plurality of switches are provided to switch current directions through a lowest level of metallization so that the circuits function normally even though the polarity of the applied voltage has been reversed.

公开(公告)号：US20070164768A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

申请号：US11306985

申请日：2006-01-18

申请人： Louis Hsu ,  Hayden Cranford ,  Oleg Gluschenkov ,  James Mason ,  Michael Sorna ,  Chih-Chao Yang

发明人： Louis Hsu ,  Hayden Cranford ,  Oleg Gluschenkov ,  James Mason ,  Michael Sorna ,  Chih-Chao Yang

IPC分类号： G01R31/26

CPC分类号： G01R31/2858 ,  G01R31/2884 ,  G01R31/318533

摘要： A packaged semiconductor chip is provided which includes a semiconductor chip and a package element. The semiconductor chip includes a plurality of semiconductor devices and a plurality of conductive features disposed at an exterior face of the semiconductor chip. The package element has a plurality of external features conductively connected to the plurality of conductive features of the semiconductor chip. The semiconductor chip includes a monitored element including a conductive interconnect that conductively interconnects a first node of the semiconductor chip to a second node of the semiconductor chip. A detection circuit in the semiconductor chip is operable to compare a variable voltage drop across the monitored element with a reference voltage drop across a reference element on the chip at a plurality of different times during a lifetime of the packaged semiconductor chip so as to detect when the resistance of the monitored element is over threshold.

摘要翻译： 提供一种封装的半导体芯片，其包括半导体芯片和封装元件。 半导体芯片包括多个半导体器件和设置在半导体芯片的外表面处的多个导电特征。 封装元件具有导电连接到半导体芯片的多个导电特征的多个外部特征。 半导体芯片包括被监视的元件，该元件包括将半导体芯片的第一节点与半导体芯片的第二节点导电互连的导电互连。 半导体芯片中的检测电路可操作以在封装的半导体芯片的寿命期间的多个不同时间，将所监视的元件上的可变电压降与芯片上的参考元件上的参考电压降进行比较，以便检测何时 被监测元件的电阻超过阈值。

公开(公告)号：US20080091961A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US11949129

申请日：2007-12-03

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason

IPC分类号： G06F1/00 ,  G06F1/32 ,  H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H01L23/50 ,  H01H59/0009 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/3011 ,  Y10T307/469 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A structure and method for power distribution to a network for an integrated circuit chip complex are provided. The chip complex has at least two sectors, each having at least one power providing connection with at least one of said connections beings individually addressable by, and isolatable from, a given power source. At least one MEMS is positioned to selectively connect and disconnect said at least one connection to and from said given power source.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于集成电路芯片复合体的网络配电的结构和方法。 芯片复合体具有至少两个扇区，每个扇区具有至少一个功率提供与至少一个所述连接体的连接，所述至少一个所述连接体可以由给定的电源单独寻址并且可与其隔离。 至少一个MEMS被定位成选择性地将所述至少一个连接与所述给定电源连接和断开。

公开(公告)号：US20060056128A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-16

申请号：US10940543

申请日：2004-09-14

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Louis Hsu ,  James Mason

IPC分类号： H01H59/00

CPC分类号： H01L23/50 ,  H01H59/0009 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/3011 ,  Y10T307/469 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A structure and method for power distribution to a network for an integrated circuit chip complex are provided. The chip complex has at least two sectors, each having at least one power providing connection with at least one of said connections beings individually addressable by, and isolatable from, a given power source. At least one MEMS is positioned to selectively connect and disconnect said at least one connection to and from said given power source.

公开(公告)号：US20080112521A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-15

申请号：US11966438

申请日：2007-12-28

申请人： Martin Schmatz ,  Hayden Cranford ,  Vernon Norman

发明人： Martin Schmatz ,  Hayden Cranford ,  Vernon Norman

IPC分类号： H04L7/00

CPC分类号： H03L7/091 ,  H03L7/0814 ,  H03L7/089 ,  H04L7/0331

摘要： The invention is directed to a clock data recovery system for resampling a clock signal according to an incoming data signal. The clock data recovery system comprises a clock generator for generating the clock signal and a phase adjustment unit for generating sampling phases dependent on a phase adjustment control signal. It also comprises a data sampling unit operable to generate a stream of input samples and an edge detector for generating therefrom an internal early signal and an internal late signal. A phase adjustment control unit is disposed for generating under use of the early signal and the late signal the phase adjustment control signal. The phase adjustment control unit is feedable with an external early/late signal and/or comprises an output for delivering an export early/late signal.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于根据输入数据信号重新采样时钟信号的时钟数据恢复系统。 时钟数据恢复系统包括用于产生时钟信号的时钟发生器和用于根据相位调整控制信号产生采样相位的相位调整单元。 它还包括可操作以产生输入样本流的数据采样单元和用于从其产生内部早期信号和内部迟滞信号的边缘检测器。 设置相位调整控制单元，用于在早期信号的使用下产生相位调整控制信号，并且延迟信号。 相位调整控制单元可以用外部早/晚信号进给，和/或包括用于传送出口早/晚信号的输出。

公开(公告)号：US20080012642A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-17

申请号：US11417626

申请日：2006-05-04

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Westerfield Ficken ,  David Freitas ,  Joseph Stevens

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Westerfield Ficken ,  David Freitas ,  Joseph Stevens

IPC分类号： H03F3/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/45475 ,  H03F1/52 ,  H03F3/45973 ,  H03F2203/45078 ,  H03F2203/45431 ,  H03F2203/45541 ,  H03F2203/45561 ,  H03F2203/45588

摘要： A circuit device and method for designing a serial link receiver, which accommodates a wide input voltage range and provides tolerance to high termination voltages. The receiver is designed with a pair of RC networks connected inline between the input and the preamplifier and a common mode feedback loop, which monitors shifts in the common mode voltage and adjusts the inputs provided to the preamplifier. The circuit device maintains a flat bandwidth to accommodate all signaling rates.

摘要翻译： 一种用于设计串行链路接收机的电路装置和方法，其适应宽的输入电压范围并且提供对高终端电压的容限。 接收机设计有一对连接在输入和前置放大器之间的RC网络和一个共模反馈环路，它监控共模电压的变化并调整提供给前置放大器的输入。 电路设备保持平坦的带宽以适应所有信令速率。

公开(公告)号：US20070244656A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-18

申请号：US11279651

申请日：2006-04-13

申请人： Hayden Cranford ,  Fadi Gebara ,  Jeremy Schaub

发明人： Hayden Cranford ,  Fadi Gebara ,  Jeremy Schaub

IPC分类号： G06F19/00 ,  G01R29/02 ,  G06F17/40

CPC分类号： G01R31/31709 ,  G01R31/31725

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining jitter and pulse width from clock signal comparisons provides a low cost and production-integrable mechanism for measuring a clock signal with a reference clock, both of unknown frequency. The measured clock signal is sampled at transitions of a reference clock and the sampled values are collected in a histogram according to a folding of the samples around a timebase which is either swept to detect a minimum jitter for the folded data or is obtained from direct frequency analysis for the sample set. The histogram for the correct estimated period is statistically analyzed to yield the pulse width, which is the difference between the peaks of the probability density function and jitter, which corresponds to width of the density function peaks. Frequency drift is corrected by adjusting the timebase used to fold the data across the sample set.

摘要翻译： 用于从时钟信号比较确定抖动和脉冲宽度的方法和装置提供了一种低成本和可生产可集成的机制，用于测量具有未知频率的参考时钟的时钟信号。 测量的时钟信号在参考时钟的转变时被采样，并且采样值被收集在直方图中，根据时基的周围样本的折叠，该时基被扫描以检测折叠数据的最小抖动，或者从直接频率获得 分析样本集。 统计分析正确估计周期的直方图以产生脉冲宽度，其是概率密度函数和抖动的峰值之间的差异，其对应于密度函数峰值的宽度。 通过调整用于将样本集合中的数据折叠的时基来校正频率漂移。