摘要:
Products useful for fatliquoring and filling leather and fur skins are obtained on reactingA) homo- or copolymers based on monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides and obtainable by free-radically initiated polymerization ofa) from 30 to 100 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides of from 4 to 10 carbon atoms,b) from 0 to 70 mol % of one or more aromatic vinyl compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and k is 1 or 2,(c) from 0 to 70 mol % of one or more vinyl esters of C.sub.1 - to C.sub.8 -carboxylic acids,(d) from 0 to 50 mol % of one or more C.sub.2 - to C.sub.6 -olefins, and(e) from 0 to 30 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.5 -carboxylic acids, which mixture of monomers (a) to (e) may additionally contain up to 10% by weight of further copolymerizable monomers, withB) amines of the general formula R.sub.4 R.sub.5 NH, where R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.5 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.2 - to C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl and R.sup.5 is C.sub.6 - to C.sub.30 -alkyl, C.sub.6 - to C.sub.30 -alkenyl, C.sub.5 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.2 - to C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl, or alcohols of the general formula R.sup.6 --O--(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O).sub.p --(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.q --H, where R.sup.6 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.30 -alkyl, C.sub.2 - to C.sub.30 -alkenyl, C.sub.5 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or--if p+q>0--hydrogen, m and n are each from 2 to 4 and p and q are each from 0 to 50, or mixtures of such amines and alcohols.
摘要:
Pigment formulations containing(a) at least one finely divided pigment,(b) at least one copolymer obtainable by free radical polymerization of(.alpha..sub.1) C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -monoolefins or(.alpha..sub.2) C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl vinyl ethers or(.alpha..sub.3) a mixture of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl vinyl ethers and up to 50 mol % of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -monoolefins with(.beta.) monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -dicarboxylic acids or C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -dicarboxylic anhydridesand having a molecular weight of from 500 to 20,000 g/mol, some or all of whose carboxyl or anhydride groups may be reacted with ammnonia, amines, alcohols, amino- or hydroxycarboxylic acids or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and(c) if required, further assistants conventionally used in pigment formulationsare used for the preparation of pastes, printing inks and coatings.
摘要:
Copolymers which containa) from 50 to 90% by weight of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl methacrylates, vinyl esters of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof andb) from 10 to 50% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -carboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides, monoesters or monoamides of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -dicarboxylic acids, amides of C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -monocarboxylic acids or mixtures thereofas copolymerized units and have molecular masses of from 500 to 30,000 are used in at least partially neutralized form in aqueous solution or dispersion for making leather and furs water repellent.
摘要:
Copolymers which are obtainable by free radical copolymerization of (a) C.sub.8 --C.sub.40 -monoolefins with (b) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -dicarboxylic anhydrides by mass polymerization at from 80.degree. to 300.degree. C. to give copolymers having molecular weights of from 500 to 20,000 g/mol, subsequent solvolysis of the anhydride groups of the copolymers and partial or complete neutralization of the carboxyl groups formed during the solvolysis, in an aqueous medium by means of a base, and which are present in the form of aqueous dispersions or solutions, are used as agents for rendering leathers and skins water-repellent.
摘要:
A fuel for gasoline engines contains a small amount of a copolymer of an olefin of from 2 to 40 carbon atoms and/or a cycloolefin of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride and/or a copolymer of an alkyl vinyl ether of from 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and/or a cycloalkyl vinyl ether of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group with maleic anhydride and/or a copolymer of an alkyl vinyl ether of from 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and/or a cycloalkyl vinyl ether of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and an olefin of from 2 to 40 carbon atoms and/or a cycloolefin of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride having a total molecular weight of from 500 to 20,000 g per mole, the carboxyl groups on the copolymer having been wholly or partly converted with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to form an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt and the remaining carboxyl groups having been converted with an alcohol and/or an amine of up to 50 carbon atom into the corresponding ester and/or amide groups and/or ammonium salts.
摘要:
Abstract of the Disclosure: Copolymers of (a) C.sub.12 - to C.sub.24 -monoolefins and (b) maleic anhydride or itaconic anhydride, having molecular weights of from 800 to 100,000 g/mol, in the form of partially or completely neutralized semiamides with morpholine, in aqueous solution or dispersion, can be used as sizes for paper.
摘要:
Fuels for gasoline engines contain small amounts of copolymers of alkyl (meth)-acrylates where the alkyl radical is of 8 to 40 carbon atoms and/or vinyl esters of carboxylic acids of 8 to 40 carbon atoms and monoethylenically unsaturated mono- and/or dicarboxylic acids of 3 to 12 carbon atoms and/or monoethylenically unsaturated compounds having sulfo and/or phosphonic acid groups, having a total molecular weight of from 500 to 20,000 g per mole, some or all of the carboxyl, sulfo and phosphonic acid groups of the copolymers having been reacted with an alkali or alkaline earth with formation of the alkali metla salts or alkaline earth metal salts and the remainder of the acid groups having been reacted with ammonia and/or amines of not more than 50 carbon atoms to give the corresponding amide groups and/or ammonium salts.
摘要:
Copolymers which are obtainable by free radical copolymerization of (a) C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl vinyl ethers, if necessary as a mixture with not more than 50 mol % of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -monoolefins, with (b) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -dicarboxylic anhydrides at from 80.degree. to 300.degree. C. to give copolymers having molecular weights of from 500 to 20,000 g/mol, subsequent solvolysis of the anhydride groups of the copolymers and partial or complete neutralization of the carboxyl groups formed during the solvolysis, in an aqueous medium by means of a base, and which are present in the form of aqueous dispersions or solutions, are used as agents for imparting water repellency to leathers and skins.
摘要:
Aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of copolymers suitable for the fatliquoring and filling of leather and fur skins are obtained by free-radical copolymerization ofA.sup.1) C.sub.6 -C.sub.40 -monoolefins or C.sub.6 -C.sub.40 -alkyl vinyl ethers or mixtures thereof withB.sup.1) monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -dicarboxylic anhydrides or by free-radical copolymerization ofA.sup.2) C.sub.6 -C.sub.40 -alkyl acrylates or methacrylates or vinyl esters of C.sub.6 -C.sub.40 -carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof withB.sup.2) monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -carboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -dicarboxylic anhydrides, monoesters or monoamides of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -dicarboxylic acids, amides of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -carboxylic acids or mixtures thereofto give copolymers with molecular weights of 500 to 30,000, where the carboxyl groups which are present in aqueous medium are at least partially neutralized, and some of the carboxylic groups can be in amidated form,containing 0.5-40% by weight, based on the amount of copolymer, of defined emulsifiers.
摘要:
Soft leathers with a pleasant hand are obtained on fatliquoring and filling leather and fur skins with water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers of vegetable and animal oils, obtainable by radically initiated polymerizationA) of a monomer or monomer mixture comprising(a) from 20 to 100% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids and/or monoethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acids or their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts,(b) from 0 to 80% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers (a), and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight of at least doubly ethylenically unconjugatedly unsaturated monomers in the presence ofB) vegetable and/or animal oils in a weight ratio of A:B of (80-1):(20-99).