摘要:
When a branching unit combines a first optical signal transmitted from a branch station with a second optical signal which is different in power level from the first optical signal and is transmitted from a terminal station A or B in an optical add-drop system, the S/N ratio of the lower power level of the two different power levels decreases, thereby deteriorating the system performance. Therefore, a dummy light is transmitted together with an optical signal to adjust the power level of the optical signal. Otherwise, an optical attenuator or an active optical signal level adjustment unit is provided for the branching unit so that both optical signals to be combined can be equal in level.
摘要:
A coverlay film, which is used for protection of a flexible printed circuit board, is provided by the invention as being imparted with improved adhesiveness, heat-resistance against molten solder alloy, punching workability and other properties. The inventive coverlay film is characterized by the novel and unique formulation of the adhesive to form an adhesive layer on one surface of a substrate plastic, e.g., polyimide, film. The adhesive is formulated with an epoxy resin, carboxylated nitrile rubber, curing agent for the epoxy resin, curing accelerator and fine inorganic powder each of a specified type and in a specified weight proportion.
摘要:
An arithmetic processor executes analysis processing for analyzing a probability that an output value of the scan flip-flop circuit after the capturing operation becomes a given logical state, and scan chain structure processing for structuring a scan chain for a plurality of scan flip-flop circuits having the same degree of probability that the output value after the capturing operation becomes the given logical state, on the basis of a result of the analyzing processing. The scan chain lower in a transition probability during the scan operation is formed so that a power consumption during a scan test can be reduced.
摘要:
A spline hub 1 is a component of a clutch disk assembly 30, which transmits torque between a flywheel 31 and an input shaft 32 of a transmission. The spline hub 1 is produced without being plated, while maintaining the resistance to wear and the accuracy of the dimension of the spline hub 1. The spline hub 1 includes a flange portion 3 and a boss portion 2. The flange portion 3 is coupled to a plate 7 of the clutch disk assembly 30, through which torque is transmitted from the flywheel 31. The boss portion 2 is fixedly coupled to the inner peripheral end of the flange portion 3. Spline grooves 20 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the boss portion 2. The boss portion 2 is spline-engaged with an input shaft 32 of the transmission. Hardened layers 20a are partially formed on the surface of the spline grooves 20. In one embodiment, the bore of the spline hub 1 has ring-shaped hardened layers 20a intersecting the spline grooves 20. The ring-shaped hardened layers 20a are axially separated from each other. In another embodiment only selected spots of the spline grooves 20 have hardened layers 20b.
摘要:
To improve a sealing function in a seal structure for sealing a passage formed between two members, seal portions 3 seals a passage 9 formed between a valve body 8 and a plate body 2 of a separate plate 1. The seal portions 3 is formed to have a constant width on the plate body 2 of the separate plate 1 corresponding to a shape of an end face portions 8a of the valve body 8.
摘要:
When a branching unit combines a first optical signal transmitted from a branch station with a second optical signal which is different in power level from the first optical signal and is transmitted from a terminal station A or B in an optical add-drop system, the S/N ratio of the lower power level of the two different power levels decreases, thereby deteriorating the system performance. Therefore, a dummy light is transmitted together with an optical signal to adjust the power level of the optical signal. Otherwise, an optical attenuator or an active optical signal level adjustment unit is provided for the branching unit so that both optical signals to be combined can be equal in level.
摘要:
The invention provides a signal light outputting apparatus for use for optical communication by wavelength multiplex transmission and an optical transmission system with the same wherein control of powers and/or wavelengths of signal lights to be transmitted can be performed with certainty and the signal lights can be transmitted and received accurately while making transmission characteristics of the signal lights equal to each other. The signal light outputting apparatus includes a plurality of signal light outputting units each including a signal light source and an optical amplifier, an optical combiner for combining signal lights outputted from the signal light outputting units, a signal light power detector for extracting part of signal light combined by the optical combiner to detect powers of the signal light for individual wavelengths corresponding to the signal light wavelengths, and a signal light output control element for controlling signal light outputs of the corresponding optical amplifiers for amplification of the signal lights of the wavelengths in response to the powers of the signal lights of the individual wavelengths detected by the signal light power detector.
摘要:
The invention provides a light branching and insertion apparatus wherein branching and insertion of signal light can be effected accurately with a low loss and with a high degree of accuracy by optical transmission lines of a simple construction. The apparatus includes a first branching element for outputting signal light of a first wavelength from within signal light inputted from a first optical fiber to a third optical fiber and outputting signal light of the other wavelengths to a fourth optical fiber, a first insertion element for outputting signal light inputted from a fifth optical fiber to a second optical fiber, a second branching element for outputting signal light of a second wavelength from within signal light inputted from a sixth optical fiber to an eighth optical fiber and outputting signal light of the other wavelengths to a ninth optical fiber, a second insertion element for outputting signal light inputted from a tenth optical fiber to a seventh optical fiber, a third branching element for outputting signal light of a third wavelength from within signal light inputted from an eleventh optical fiber to the fifth optical fiber and outputting signal light of the other wavelengths to the tenth optical fiber, and a third insertion element for outputting signal light inputted from the ninth optical fiber to a twelfth optical fiber.
摘要:
In a polarization compensator for converting a polarization state of a lightwave, and a wavelength division multiplexing apparatus using same, a controller of the polarization compensator controls a rotator to orient a polarization plane of an input lightwave to a polarization plane of a reference polarizer. Also, the controller receives an output lightwave from the polarization compensator, of the above-mentioned present invention, which inputs the input lightwave through the rotator and a first ¼ wave plate, through a second ¼ wave plate and a polarizer having the polarization plane set in the reference direction, and the input lightwave is compensated to a linear polarization having the polarization plane of the reference direction based on a received polarization signal. Furthermore, a plurality of polarization compensators and a coupler are connected directly or with a connector so as to prevent the polarization planes of the lightwaves whose wavelengths are adjoining from coinciding with each other, and preferably the polarization compensators and the coupler are connected directly or with connectors so that the polarization planes are orthogonal.
摘要:
When a branching unit combines a first optical signal transmitted from a branch station with a second optical signal which is different in power level from the first optical signal and is transmitted from a terminal station A or B in an optical add-drop system, the S/N ratio of the lower power level of the two different power levels decreases, thereby deteriorating the system performance. Therefore, a dummy light is transmitted together with an optical signal to adjust the power level of the optical signal. Otherwise, an optical attenuator or an active optical signal level adjustment unit is provided for the branching unit so that both optical signals to be combined can be equal in level.