公开(公告)号：US4010243A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-01

申请号：US638225

申请日：1975-11-28

申请人： Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： C01D7/16

CPC分类号： C01D7/16 ,  Y02P20/142

摘要： A process is provided for converting potassium chloride to potassium bicarbonate with desirable conversions which bicarbonate can then be calcined to potassium carbonate. In one embodiment the potassium bicarbonate is formed in a reaction medium which is an admixture of water and a water miscible alcohol with the other reactants employed being carbon dioxide and an alkylamine. In a more preferred embodiment an alcoholic solution of an alkylamine which solution is saturated with carbon dioxide will be prepared and then an aqueous solution of a potassium halide, preferably potassium chloride, will be added to the alcoholic solution so as to form potassium bicarbonate.

摘要翻译： 提供了将氯化钾转化为碳酸氢钾的方法，其中所需的转化率可以将碳酸氢盐煅烧成碳酸钾。 在一个实施方案中，碳酸氢钾在与水和水混溶性醇的混合物的反应介质中形成，其它反应物是二氧化碳和烷基胺。 在更优选的实施方案中，将制备溶液用二氧化碳饱和的烷基胺的醇溶液，然后将卤化钾水溶液，优选氯化钾加入到醇溶液中以形成碳酸氢钾。

公开(公告)号：US4030938A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-21

申请号：US655024

申请日：1976-02-03

申请人： Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： C03C3/04 ,  C03C3/089 ,  C03C3/08 ,  C04B35/16

CPC分类号： C03C3/089 ,  C03C3/04

摘要： A process is provided for producing carbon free borosilicate glass compositions by hydrolyzing a silicon tetraalkoxide so as to form an at least partially hydrolyzed silicon tetraalkoxide which is then combined with a boron alkoxide and sufficient water to produce a substantially hydrolyzed borosiloxane, or borosilicate precursor, and then this precursor in the presence of free water is fractionally distilled for a time sufficient to remove all alkanol by-product.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种生产无碳硼硅酸盐玻璃组合物的方法，其通过水解四醇氧化物以形成至少部分水解的四烷氧基硅，然后将其与硼醇盐和足够的水合并以产生基本上水解的硼硅氧烷或硼硅酸盐前体，以及 然后在存在游离水的情况下将该前体分馏蒸馏足以除去所有烷醇副产物的时间。

公开(公告)号：US4028085A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-07

申请号：US655025

申请日：1976-02-03

申请人： Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： C03C3/04 ,  C03C3/083 ,  C03B5/16

CPC分类号： C03C3/04 ,  C03C3/083 ,  Y10S65/901

摘要： A process is provided for producing carbon-free homogeneous silicate compositions comprising;Combining a hydrolyzable metal alkoxide with a clear solution of a partially hydrolyzed silicon tetraalkoxide so as to form a clear solution of a further hydrolyzable metallosiloxane;Adding an additional quantity of water to said solution in an amount in excess of that required to theoretically hydrolyze residual alkoxy groups of said further hydrolyzable metallosiloxane, thereby forming a substantially hydrolyzed metallosiloxane;Fractionally distilling said substantially hydrolyzed metallosiloxane, i.e. heating under a fractionating column, in the presence of free water for a time sufficient to remove all residual alcohol as distillate and hydrolyze residual alkoxy groups.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种生产无碳均匀硅酸盐组合物的方法，其包含： 将可水解的金属烷氧化物与部分水解硅氧烷四氢氧化物的清除溶液组合，以形成另外可水解的金属硅氧烷的清除溶液; 添加额外的水量以便将超过需要进一步水解可溶性金属硅氧烷的理想水解残留酸性组合物的溶液提取出来，从而形成主要水解的金属硅氧烷; 分开分离得到主要水解的金属硅氧烷，I.E. 在分层下加热，在免费水中存在时间足以将所有残留的酒精作为蒸馏水和残留的碱性组合物除去。

公开(公告)号：US5882773A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US901641

申请日：1997-07-28

申请人： Robert Chow ,  Gary E. Loomis ,  Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Robert Chow ,  Gary E. Loomis ,  Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： C23C18/00 ,  H01J1/70 ,  B32B7/02

CPC分类号： C23C18/00 ,  H01J1/70 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/31 ,  Y10T428/31504 ,  Y10T428/3154 ,  Y10T428/31544

摘要： Variable index optical single-layers, optical multilayer, and laser-resistant coatings were made from a perfluorinated amorphous polymer material by physical vapor deposition. This was accomplished by physically vapor depositing a polymer material, such as bulk Teflon AF2400, for example, to form thin layers that have a very low refractive index (.about.1.10-1.31) and are highly transparent from the ultra-violet through the near infrared regime, and maintain the low refractive index of the bulk material. The refractive index can be varied by simply varying one process parameter, either the deposition rate or the substrate temperature. The thus forming coatings may be utilized in anti-reflectors and graded anti-reflection coatings, as well as in optical layers for laser-resistant coatings at optical wavelengths of less than about 2000 nm.

摘要翻译： 通过物理气相沉积由全氟化无定形聚合物材料制成可变折射率光学单层，光学多层和耐激光涂层。 这通过物理气相沉积聚合物材料（例如本体Teflon AF2400）来实现，以形成具有非常低的折射率（DIFFERENCE 1.10-1.31）的薄层，并且由紫外线通过近红外线高度透明 并保持散装材料的低折射率。 可以通过简单地改变一个工艺参数，即沉积速率或衬底温度来改变折射率。 这样形成的涂层可以用于抗反射器和渐变防反射涂层，以及在小于约2000nm的光波长下的用于耐光涂层的光学层。

公开(公告)号：US5275796A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US754349

申请日：1991-09-05

申请人： Thomas M. Tillotson ,  John F. Poco ,  Lawrence W. Hrubesh ,  Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Thomas M. Tillotson ,  John F. Poco ,  Lawrence W. Hrubesh ,  Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： B01J13/00 ,  C01B33/158 ,  C03C1/00 ,  C01B33/12 ,  B01J21/00

CPC分类号： B01J13/0091 ,  C01B33/1585 ,  C03C1/006 ,  Y02P20/544

摘要： A two-step method is described for making transparent aerogels which have a density of less than 0.003 g/cm.sup.3 to those with a density of more than 0.8 g/cm.sup.3, by a sol/gel process and supercritical extraction. Condensed metal oxide intermediate made with purified reagents can be diluted to produce stable aerogels with a density of less than 0.02 g/cm.sup.3. High temperature, direct supercritical extraction of the liquid phase of the gel produces hydrophobic aerogels which are stable at atmospheric moisture conditions. Monolithic, homogeneous silica aerogels with a density of less than 0.02 to higher than 0.8 g/cm.sup.3, with high thermal insulation capacity, improved mechanical strength and good optical transparency, are described.

摘要翻译： 描述了通过溶胶/凝胶法和超临界萃取法制备密度小于0.003g / cm 3的透明气凝胶至密度大于0.8g / cm 3的透明气凝胶的两步法。 用纯化试剂制成的冷凝金属氧化物中间体可以稀释，以产生密度小于0.02g / cm3的稳定气凝胶。 高温，直接超临界萃取凝胶的液相产生在大气湿度条件下稳定的疏水性气凝胶。 描述了具有小于0.02至高于0.8g / cm 3的密度的均匀二氧化硅气凝胶，具有高绝热能力，改进的机械强度和良好的光学透明性。

公开(公告)号：US4059669A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-22

申请号：US488087

申请日：1974-07-12

申请人： Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： C01B25/36 ,  C01B15/16

CPC分类号： C01B25/36

摘要： Aluminum phosphate is made in ultrapure form by reaction between phosphoric acid and an aluminum alkoxide. Cast articles may be made by using the liquid reaction intermediate product as a binder in sintering of particles of aluminum phospate.

摘要翻译： 磷酸铝通过磷酸和烷氧基铝之间的反应以超纯的形式制成。 铸造制品可以通过使用液体反应中间产物作为粘合剂在磷酸铝铝的烧结中制备。

公开(公告)号：US6099389A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US166817

申请日：1998-10-05

申请人： Michael A. Nichols ,  David M. Aikens ,  David W. Camp ,  Ian M. Thomas ,  Craig Kiikka ,  Lynn M. Sheehan ,  Mark R. Kozlowski

发明人： Michael A. Nichols ,  David M. Aikens ,  David W. Camp ,  Ian M. Thomas ,  Craig Kiikka ,  Lynn M. Sheehan ,  Mark R. Kozlowski

IPC分类号： B24B1/00 ,  B24B9/14 ,  B24B13/00

CPC分类号： B24B9/14 ,  B24B1/00 ,  B24B13/0037

摘要： A method for forming optical parts used in laser optical systems such as high energy lasers, high average power lasers, semiconductor capital equipment and medical devices. The optical parts will not damage during the operation of high power lasers in the ultra-violet light range. A blank is first ground using a fixed abrasive grinding method to remove the subsurface damage formed during the fabrication of the blank. The next step grinds and polishes the edges and forms bevels to reduce the amount of fused-glass contaminants in the subsequent steps. A loose abrasive grind removes the subsurface damage formed during the fixed abrasive or "blanchard" removal process. After repolishing the bevels and performing an optional fluoride etch, the surface of the blank is polished using a zirconia slurry. Any subsurface damage formed during the loose abrasive grind will be removed during this zirconia polish. A post polish etch may be performed to remove any redeposited contaminants. Another method uses a ceria polishing step to remove the subsurface damage formed during the loose abrasive grind. However, any residual ceria may interfere with the optical properties of the finished part. Therefore, the ceria and other contaminants are removed by performing either a zirconia polish after the ceria polish or a post ceria polish etch.

摘要翻译： 用于形成用于诸如高能激光器，高平均功率激光器，半导体资本设备和医疗设备的激光光学系统中的光学部件的方法。 在紫外光范围内的大功率激光器的操作过程中，光学部件不会损坏。 使用固定的研磨研磨方法首先研磨坯料以去除在坯料制造期间形成的地下损伤。 下一步研磨和抛光边缘并形成斜面以减少随后步骤中熔融玻璃污染物的量。 松散的研磨研磨可消除在固定磨料或“漂白剂”去除过程中形成的地下损伤。 在重新抛光斜面并进行可选的氟化物蚀刻之后，使用氧化锆浆料对坯料的表面进行抛光。 在这种氧化锆抛光期间，在松散研磨研磨过程中形成的任何地下损伤将被去除。 可以进行后抛光蚀刻以去除任何再沉积的污染物。 另一种方法是使用二氧化铈抛光步骤来去除在磨料研磨过程中形成的地下损伤。 然而，任何残留的二氧化铈可能会干扰成品部件的光学性能。 因此，通过在二氧化铈抛光之后进行氧化锆抛光或氧化铈抛光蚀刻来除去二氧化铈和其它污染物。

公开(公告)号：US4619719A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-28

申请号：US822942

申请日：1986-01-27

申请人： Ian M. Thomas ,  James J. Tillman

发明人： Ian M. Thomas ,  James J. Tillman

IPC分类号： H01L21/225 ,  H01L21/385

CPC分类号： H01L21/225

摘要： A process for forming a doped oxide film suitable for doping a semiconductor wafer substrate material and composite article. A silicon tetra-alkoxide is reacted with a limited amount of water to produce a low molecular weight, soluble polyorganosiloxane. The polyorganosiloxane is subsequently admixed with a reactive dopant source to form a soluble metallosiloxane polymer. The metallosiloxane polymer is coated onto a semiconductor wafer substrate material to produce a metallosiloxane-wafer composite article. The composite article is heated to produce an impurity doped semiconductor wafer suitable for electronic applications.

摘要翻译： 一种用于形成适于掺杂半导体晶片衬底材料和复合制品的掺杂氧化物膜的工艺。 将四烷氧基硅与有限量的水反应以产生低分子量的可溶性聚有机硅氧烷。 随后将聚有机硅氧烷与反应性掺杂剂源混合以形成可溶性金属硅氧烷聚合物。 将金属硅氧烷聚合物涂覆在半导体晶片衬底材料上以制备金属硅氧烷 - 晶片复合制品。 将复合制品加热以产生适用于电子应用的杂质掺杂半导体晶片。

公开(公告)号：US3946102A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-23

申请号：US492346

申请日：1974-07-26

申请人： Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： C01F7/16 ,  C07F5/06

CPC分类号： C01F7/164 ,  C01F7/162 ,  C07F5/069 ,  C01P2006/80

摘要： Alkoxy ethoxides, for example 2-methoxy ethoxide, of aluminum and magnesium or aluminum and calcium, are provided. These compounds are of the formula MAl.sub.2 (O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--R).sub.8 wherein M is calcium or magnesium and wherein R is an alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; they are liquids at about 25.degree. C. and about 1 atmosphere of pressure and are produced by reacting aluminum and magnesium or calcium with mono-alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol. Methods for hydrolyzing the compounds to obtain oxides of the formula MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4 and CaAl.sub.2 O.sub.4 are disclosed. For example, magnesium aluminum octa-(2 methoxy ethoxide) is produced, using ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (methyl "Cellosolve") as a reagent; the material is hydrolyzed and heated to form MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4.

摘要翻译： 提供了铝和镁或铝和钙的烷氧基乙氧基化物，例如2-甲氧基乙氧基化物。 这些化合物具有式MA1（O-CH2-CH2-O-R）8，其中M是钙或镁，其中R是1至4个碳原子的烷基; 它们在约25℃和约1大气压下是液体，并且通过使铝和镁或钙与乙二醇的单烷基醚反应来制备。 公开了水解化合物以获得式MgAl 2 O 4和CaAl 2 O 4的氧化物的方法。 例如，使用乙二醇单甲醚（甲基“Cellosolve”）作为试剂制造八（2-甲氧基乙氧化镁）镁铝; 将材料水解并加热形成MgAl 2 O 4。

公开(公告)号：US5409683A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-25

申请号：US272432

申请日：1994-07-07

申请人： Thomas M. Tillotson ,  John F. Poco ,  Lawrence W. Hrubesh ,  Ian M. Thomas

发明人： Thomas M. Tillotson ,  John F. Poco ,  Lawrence W. Hrubesh ,  Ian M. Thomas

IPC分类号： B01J13/00 ,  C01B33/158 ,  C03C1/00 ,  C01B33/12

CPC分类号： B01J13/0091 ,  C01B33/1585 ,  C03C1/006

摘要： A two-step hydrolysis-condensation method was developed to form metal oxide aerogels of any density, including densities of less than 0.003g/cm.sup.3 and greater than 0.27g/cm.sup.3. High purity metal alkoxide is reacted with water, alcohol solvent, and an additive to form a partially condensed metal intermediate. All solvent and reaction-generated alcohol is removed, and the intermediate is diluted with a nonalcoholic solvent. The intermediate can be stored for future use to make aerogels of any density. The aerogels are formed by reacting the intermediate with water, nonalcoholic solvent, and a catalyst, and extracting the nonalcoholic solvent directly. The resulting monolithic aerogels are hydrophobic and stable under atmospheric conditions, and exhibit good optical transparency, high clarity, and homogeneity. The aerogels have high thermal insulation capacity, high porosity, mechanical strength and stability, and require shorter gelation times than aerogels formed by conventional methods.

摘要翻译： 开发了两步水解缩合法，以形成任何密度的金属氧化物气凝胶，其密度小于0.003g / cm3，大于0.27g / cm3。 高纯度金属醇盐与水，醇溶剂和添加剂反应形成部分缩合的金属中间体。 除去所有溶剂和反应生成的醇，并用非酒精溶剂稀释中间体。 中间体可以储存以供将来使用以制备任何密度的气凝胶。 气凝胶通过中间体与水，非醇溶剂和催化剂反应形成，并直接萃取非酒精溶剂。 所得到的整体气凝胶在大气条件下是疏水性和稳定的，并且表现出良好的光学透明度，高透明度和均匀性。 气凝胶具有高绝热能力，高孔隙率，机械强度和稳定性，并且比通过常规方法形成的气凝胶需要更短的凝胶化时间。