公开(公告)号：US20050047972A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-03

申请号：US10649683

申请日：2003-08-28

申请人： Imants Lauks ,  Raymond Pierce ,  James Wojtyk ,  Benoit Bergevin

发明人： Imants Lauks ,  Raymond Pierce ,  James Wojtyk ,  Benoit Bergevin

IPC分类号： B01L3/00 ,  F04B19/00 ,  G01N1/28

CPC分类号： B01L3/50273 ,  B01L2200/0673 ,  B01L2200/10 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2400/0406 ,  B01L2400/0418 ,  F04B19/006 ,  Y10T436/2575

摘要： Devices with lateral flow elements and integral fluidics are disclosed. The integral fluidics consist of injector pumps comprised of fluidic elements under instrument control. The fluidic element of an injector pump is fluidically connected to lateral flow elements and can be used to control fluid entry into containment chambers referred to as micro-reactors. The lateral flow elements comprise conductor elements that can be used for sample application and transport of analyte contained in the sample to the micro-reactor. Fluidic transport through the fluidic element of the injector pump is under instrument-control. Both the lateral flow element and the fluidic element may contain chemical entities incorporated along their length. The chemical reactions that can be used for analyte detection using the devices are described. Also described are methods of manufacture of these devices.

摘要翻译： 公开了具有侧向流动元件和整体流体的装置。 积分流体由在仪器控制下由流体元素组成的喷射泵组成。 注射器泵的流体元件流体连接到侧向流动元件，并且可以用于控制流体进入称为微反应器的容纳室中。 横向流动元件包括导体元件，其可以用于将样品中包含的分析物的样品应用和运送到微反应器。 通过注射泵的流体元件的流体传输是在仪器控制下。 侧流元件和流体元件都可以包含沿其长度并入的化学物质。 描述了可用于使用装置进行分析物检测的化学反应。 还描述了这些装置的制造方法。

公开(公告)号：US4603685A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-05

申请号：US506542

申请日：1983-06-21

申请人： Benoit Jean ,  Benoit Bergevin ,  Fernand Rheault

发明人： Benoit Jean ,  Benoit Bergevin ,  Fernand Rheault

IPC分类号： F24D11/00 ,  F24J2/32

CPC分类号： F28D15/0266 ,  F24D11/003 ,  F24J2/32 ,  F28D2020/0078 ,  F28F2250/08 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02E10/44

摘要： The present invention relates to a solar water heating system operating in a closed circuit and making use of a change of phase in a working fluid as a heat transfer medium, comprising: at least one collector to be exposed to sunlight for transmitting radiant solar energy to a working fluid and thus converting the fluid into a liquid-vapor mixture; a hot water storage reservoir connected to a heat exchanger; a pump for returning the working fluid to the collector; and a pipe means connecting all of the above mentioned components. The system according to the subject invention is characterized in that it comprises a separator connected to both ends of the collector; a pipe for returning the liquid coming from the liquid-vapor mixture to the lower end of the absorber of the collector in such a manner that it is constantly wet; and two pipes connecting the separator to the exchanger, one for circulating the vapor to the exchanger where it condenses and the other for allowing return of the condensed liquid to the separator, by means of the pump; the exchanger being of the type that allows free gravity flowing of the condensed liquid to the pump; and the system is further characterized in that the pump is placed below the mean level of the liquid in the exchanger and in that it ensures the return of the condensed liquid accumulated at the bottom of the exchanger to the separator.

公开(公告)号：US5368654A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US91047

申请日：1993-07-14

申请人： Benoit Bergevin ,  Pierre Hosatte ,  Normand Vallieres

发明人： Benoit Bergevin ,  Pierre Hosatte ,  Normand Vallieres

IPC分类号： H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/048

CPC分类号： H01L31/048 ,  H02S40/12 ,  Y02E10/50

摘要： This invention relates to a photovoltaic system comprising a casing having mounted therein a plurality of solar cells. The casing has a front and opposite thereto, a rear. The front of the casing is provided with a light-transmitting panel for transmitting solar light to the solar cells. The rear is a double wall. A first wall is in contact with the back of the solar cells, and on its side away from the solar cells is of a dark-opaque color, i.e. a solar light absorbing surface. The second wall is a light-transmitting enclosure of the dark-opaque colored side of the first wall, but spaced therefrom so as to produce a greenhouse effect. A method to remove snow, frost, and ice over a photovoltaic system involves maintaining the light-transmitting panel at an angle with the horizontal, receiving reflected solar rays from the surroundings of the photovoltaic systems through the light-transmitting enclosure to the outer side of dark-opaque color to be absorbed by the outer side and converted into heat to be transmitted to, and thereby to raise the temperature of the light-transmitting panel. Simultaneously, the light-transmitting enclosure creates a greenhouse effect and thereby an additional temperature increment to further raise the temperature of the light-transmitting panel to melt or sublimate snow, frost, and ice present thereon.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种光伏系统，其包括其中安装有多个太阳能电池的壳体。 壳体具有前部并与其相对的后部。 壳体的前部设置有用于将太阳光发射到太阳能电池的透光面板。 后方是双层墙。 第一壁与太阳能电池的背面接触，并且远离太阳能电池的一侧具有深色不透明的颜色，即太阳光吸收表面。 第二壁是第一壁的深色不透明有色侧的透光外壳，但与之隔开，从而产生温室效应。 一种在光伏系统上去除雪，霜和冰的方法包括将透光板保持与水平面成一定角度，将来自光伏系统周围的反射的太阳射线通过透光外壳接收到 深色不透明的颜色被外侧吸收并转换为热量以被透射，从而提高透光面板的温度。 同时，透光外壳产生温室效应，从而产生额外的温度增量，以进一步升高透光板的温度，以使其上存在的雪，霜和冰融化或升华。

公开(公告)号：US4556368A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-03

申请号：US577772

申请日：1984-02-07

申请人： Benoit Jean ,  Benoit Bergevin ,  Fernand Rheault

发明人： Benoit Jean ,  Benoit Bergevin ,  Fernand Rheault

IPC分类号： F04B19/24 ,  F04B9/00 ,  F04F1/04 ,  F04F1/18

CPC分类号： F04F1/04

摘要： A vapor pressure pump for delivering a liquid into a system operating at a higher pressure or located at a higher level by action of a vapor pressure produced from a portion of the liquid to be delivered. The pump comprises a closed reservoir for liquid, which includes an unidirectional liquid inlet, an unidirectional liquid outlet, a vapor exhaust valve adapted to balance the pressure between the unidirectional liquid inlet and the reservoir during its filling. The pump also comprises a vapor generator for producing vapor inside the reservoir at a pressure sufficient to force out the liquid contained therein through the liquid outlet, and a control device for operating the vapor generator only when the liquid fed by the liquid inlet has reached a predetermined level in the reservoir. According to the invention, the vapor generator comprises an evaporation chamber in vapor communication with the closed reservoir, and a device responsive to the control device for sampling a portion of the liquid contained in the reservoir when the liquid in the reservoir has reached the predetermined value, and for supplying the sampled liquid into the evaporation chamber. The vapor generator also comprises a heating system for evaporating the sampled liquid supplied into the evaporation chamber to produce the pressure vapor required to force the liquid out of the reservoir.

摘要翻译： 一种蒸汽压力泵，用于通过由待输送的液体的一部分产生的蒸汽压力的作用将液体输送到在更高压力下操作的系统中或位于较高的水平。 泵包括用于液体的封闭容器，其包括单向液体入口，单向液体出口，适于在其填充期间平衡单向液体入口和储存器之间的压力的蒸汽排气阀。 该泵还包括蒸汽发生器，用于在足以迫使其中通过液体出口容纳的液体的压力的压力下产生储存器内的蒸气;以及控制装置，用于仅当由液体入口供给的液体达到 水库预定水位。 根据本发明，蒸汽发生器包括与闭合的储存器蒸汽连通的蒸发室，以及响应于控制装置的装置，用于在储存器中的液体达到预定值时采样包含在储存器中的液体的一部分 并且用于将采样的液体供应到蒸发室中。 蒸汽发生器还包括用于蒸发供应到蒸发室中的采样液体以产生迫使液体离开储存器所需的压力蒸气的加热系统。