摘要:
The invention concerns an ATM exchange, and is directed in particular to the provision of a cell bandwidth control apparatus for performing bandwidth control for ATM cells sent from the ATM exchange onto the line side. The cell bandwidth control apparatus includes forced empty cell inserting means for forcibly inserting empty cells in a highway connected to an ATM switch. The forced empty cell inserting means inserts forced empty cells in an outgoing highway leading from the ATM switch to a line adapter and thereby limits the line bandwidth of the outgoing highway to within the bandwidth of the line accommodated in the line adapter.
摘要:
To reduce a scale of the circuit, a number of the external terminals, processing steps in developing a firmware, and a scale of the firmware, a line terminator provided in a device for terminating SONET/SDH lines, each having a different line speed, terminates plural lines, each having a different line speed, and includes a clock generator generating a clock corresponding to each line speed, a line switching circuit for specifying one of the plural lines, a selector for outputting data of one of the plural lines, which is specified by the line switching circuit, and a common processing circuit for processing data of the one line output from the selector, according to a clock corresponding to the line speed generated in the clock generator.
摘要:
A method and system including ATM switching equipment provided for switching between a working channel and a protection channel in an ATM network. The method and system include the following processes: In each cell for transmission providing an indication of whether the cell belongs connection currently in a working state via a working channel; cells are duplicated on each connection basis; the duplicated cells are transmitted simultaneously on both a working channel and a protection channel; and valid cells are selected from received cells according to the indication in each cell indicating whether the relevant connection is currently in a working state.
摘要:
A plurality of input lines are respectively connected to separate multiplexing units that are connected in cascade by cascading lines. Select signals are transferred in parallel with fixed length packets over the cascading lines. Each separate multiplexing unit is responsive to a select signal received from the cascading line to select one of fixed length packets received over the corresponding input line and the upstream cascading line and output it over the downstream cascading line. The most downstream separate multiplexing unit provides a multiplexed output of the input lines.
摘要:
An apparatus for pass control of transmission cells for preventing cells having headers including a specific pattern of multi-bit error from being erroneously transmitted. The pass control apparatus is operated by a method comprising (i) a step of monitoring a communication quality of each received frame; (ii) a step of temporarily buffering one monitored frame's worth of cells for each frame; (iii) a step of determining whether or not the communication quality of the monitored frame exceeds a predetermined threshold level; and (iv) a step of erasing all of the cells including one-bit error and multi-bit error in their headers from one frame's worth of buffered cells when the communication quality deteriorates exceeding the predetermined threshold level, while passing the buffered cells as they are when it does not exceed the threshold level.
摘要:
An identifier translation apparatus is provided that does not require a prohibitively large memory capacity and that is simple in construction and capable of increasing the speed of processing. Using an address consisting of a VPI and the high-order 6 bits of a VCI, a first-stage table is read to retrieve a block number, and using an address consisting of the retrieved block number and the low-order 6 bits of the VCI, a second-stage table is read to retrieve a routing tag. The routing tag is then appended to a cell.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a technique to distinguish between Treg cells and activated T cells in a live state. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for immunostimulation that can reduce the number of Treg cells in vivo and effectively express the immune response of activated T cells.In the method of the present invention, Treg cells are detected from test cells containing (i) regulatory T cells and (ii) at least one type of cell selected from the group consisting of naive T cells and activated T cells, wherein expressions of folate receptor 4 on the surfaces of cells are measured and Treg cells are detected using the expressions as an indicator. The present invention uses anti-folate receptor 4 antibody or folate receptor 4-binding fragment as an active ingredient contained in a pharmaceutical composition for immunostimulation.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to produce a mammalian organ having a complicated cellular composition composed of multiple kinds of cells, such as kidney, pancreas, thymus and hair, in the living body of a non-human animal. The inventors of the present invention applied the chimeric animal assay described above, to a novel solid organ production method. More specifically, the inventors has shown that a model mouse which is deficient of kidney, pancreas, thymus or hair due to the dysfunction of the metanephric mesenchyme that is differentiated into most of an adult kidney, is rescued by blastocyst complementation by the chimeric animal assay, and whereby a kidney, a pancreas, thymus or hair can be newly produced.
摘要:
Laser beam is irradiated to a surface of a processing target after reforming a cross section of the laser beam with a mask having a pierced hole by concentrating the laser beam passing through the pierced hole by a lens to form an image of the pierced hole of the mask on the surface of the processing target. The laser beam passing through the lens is scanned to move an irradiating position of the laser beam on the surface of the processing target, and the image of the pierced hole of the mask is formed on the surface of the processing target during the scanning for processing the processing target. A high quality laser process can be carried out.
摘要:
A transmission base flow control device performs data transmission/reception based on a packet form between a transmission device and a reception device having a redundant structure by utilizing a credit value to carry out a flow control of a credit base on a flow basis. The transmission base flow control device includes: a first credit counter, which is shared by an active system and a preparatory system of the reception device, for managing the credit value of the active system; a second credit counter and a third credit counter for counting the credit values for each system of the active system and the preparatory system of the reception device; a differential counter for holding a difference between the credit value counted by the second credit counter and the credit value counted by the third credit counter; and a control unit for matching, according to the difference held by the differential counter, the credit values of the first credit counter and the second credit counter or the credit values of the first credit counter and the third credit counter with a credit value corresponding to the reception device of a new active system after switching the system of the reception device.