摘要:
Ferroelectric memory devices include a plate line, a bit line, a ferroelectric memory cell containing a first access transistor and a first ferroelectric capacitor electrically connected in series between the bit line and the plate line, and a word line electrically connected to a gate electrode of the first access transistor. A row decoder and a preferred plate line pulse generator are also provided to generate a write voltage of first magnitude (e.g., Vcc) on the plate line during a write time interval and a read voltage of a second magnitude (e.g., Vcc+&agr;), greater than the first magnitude, on the plate line during a read time interval. These different magnitudes of the write and read voltage for the plate line are generated in response to a control signal (CP), so that during a read operation, the magnitude of the change in voltage across the ferroelectric capacitor will be sufficient to enable a complete charge transfer of 2QR when the ferroelectric memory cell is storing a data 1 value. The plate line pulse generator may comprise a pulse generator, a voltage boosting circuit having an input electrically coupled to an output of the pulse generator and a switch circuit to electrically couple an output of the pulse generator to an output of the plate line pulse generator when the control signal is in a first logic state (during a write operation) and electrically couple an output of the voltage boosting circuit to the output of the plate line pulse generator when the control signal is in a second logic state (during a read operation).
摘要:
A memory device having heterogeneous terminals easily connects the memory device to a computer or a portable terminal without a specific gender. When a memory unit is connected to a computer, the memory unit slides out of the body and the first terminal of the memory unit is inserted into a USB connector of the computer, and when the memory unit is connected to a portable terminal, the connection unit slides out of the body and the second terminal of the connection unit is inserted in a mini-USB connector of the portable terminal, so it is possible to easily connect the memory unit to the portable terminal without a specific gender.
摘要:
A lane controller system installed on a vehicle may include components for self-diagnosing malfunctions on the vehicle. The system may include a desired path generator for generating a desired path that keeps the vehicle within a road lane; a steering controller for providing steering a steering correction to keep the vehicle within the road lane; a vehicle state estimator for estimating the state of the vehicle; a lane marking detector for detecting position of road lane markings; a path predictor for predicting a path actively followed by the vehicle; a virtual dynamics module for modeling the anticipated path of the vehicle following input of the steering controller; a comparer that compares the results of actual steering corrections applied with those predicted by the virtual dynamics module, and a diagnostic system that determines a root cause of malfunctions, based on the comparison by the comparer.
摘要:
A system and method for providing adaptive lane centering in an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle driving system includes activating a lane centering control system, detecting a driver steering override of the lane centering control system, monitoring a lane centering offset when a driver override condition is detected, determining if the lane centering offset represents a driver bias and adjusting the lane centering offset in the lane centering control system to compensate for the driver bias.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a lead frame for a light-emitting device package and a light-emitting device package are provided. The method of manufacturing a lead frame for a light-emitting device package includes: preparing a base substrate for the lead frame; forming diffusion roughness on the base substrate; and forming a reflective plating layer on the diffusion roughness formed base substrate.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a sensor used together with a detector to measure biomaterial, and to an apparatus using same. A sensor of the present invention comprises: a body portion with a three-dimensional shape, having a biomaterial introduction hole, and attachable and detachable to/from a detector; a sensor portion with a plurality of reaction electrodes formed on one surface thereof, and a plurality of transfer electrodes formed on the other surface thereof; and an analyzer reagent fixed above the reaction electrodes. The sensor portion, together with the body portion, forms a reaction chamber connected to the biomaterial introduction hole, and is attached to the body portion such that the reaction electrodes are oriented toward the reaction chamber. According to the present invention, attachment and detachment is easy, even for the elderly, and the contamination of the sensor can be minimized.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring biomaterial and a method for manufacturing thereof. The apparatus of the present invention comprises: a first substrate having a recess in one side thereof; a second substrate having a plurality of reaction electrodes where a biochemical reaction of a biomaterial occurs, and a plurality of delivery electrodes delivering signals from the reaction to a detector; and reaction reagents located in the recess causing the reaction with the biomaterial. The second substrate is attached to the first substrate such that a portion of the recess forms a sample-inlet, the recess cooperates with at least one edge of the second substrate to form at least one vent slit, and the reaction electrodes are directed toward the recess. Such apparatus of the present invention enables air in the capillary to be thoroughly and quickly discharged to the outside with biomaterial-introduction, thereby increasing the speed of the biomaterial-introduction.
摘要:
A lane tracking system for a vehicle includes a front steering controller, a rear steering controller, and a lane tracking processor. The front steering controller is configured to rotate a front wheel of the vehicle through a front steering angle in response to a front steering torque command, and the rear steering controller is configured to rotate a rear wheel of the vehicle through a rear steering angle in response to a rear steering torque command. The lane tracking processor is configured to determine a desired course of the vehicle along a roadway, estimate a trajectory of the vehicle based on sensed vehicle motion, compute an error between the determined desired course and the estimated trajectory, and provide a front steering torque command to the front steering controller, and a rear steering torque command to the rear steering controller to minimize the computed error.
摘要:
A method and system that monitors the behavior of surrounding vehicles in order to predict and react to an upcoming hazard in the road, even in situations where the hazard has not been directly sensed. In an exemplary embodiment, the method monitors an area around the host vehicle and looks for the presence of one or more target vehicles. If target vehicles are detected, then the method evaluates their behavior, classifies their behavior into one of several categories, and assuming that their behavior suggests some type of upcoming hazard, develops an appropriate preemptive response for controlling the host vehicle. The preemptive response may include mimicking, copying and/or integrating with the behavior of the surrounding target vehicles according to so-called “flocking” techniques in order to avoid the otherwise unseen hazard.