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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4561966A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US655272
申请日：1984-09-28
申请人： Hartley Owen , James H. Haddad , John C. Zahner
发明人： Hartley Owen , James H. Haddad , John C. Zahner
摘要： A process and apparatus for direct coking of tar sands which includes contacting the tar sand with heat transfer particles resulting from combustion of coked sand effluent from the coking process, and transporting the combination up a riser/mixer to a coking vessel whereby separation of oil and hydrocarbon gases from the sand is initiated. The tar sand is introduced into a fluid coking vessel which has at least two coking zones. The first coking zone is substantially at the top of the vessel whereas the second coking zone is immediately below the first coking zone and includes a stream of hot spent sand so that a more severe coking temperature is present in the second coking zone. A product stream of oil and light hydrocarbon gases, recovered from the riser/mixer and coking process, is directed to a separator located above said coking vessel in which the heavy oil is removed and preferably directed to the second coking zone.
摘要翻译： 用于焦油砂直接焦化的方法和设备，其包括使焦油砂与由焦化过程的焦化砂流出物燃烧产生的传热颗粒接触，并将组合物上升/混合器输送到焦化容器，由此分离油和 开始来自沙子的烃类气体。 焦油砂被引入具有至少两个焦化区的流体焦化容器中。 第一焦化区基本上在容器的顶部，而第二焦化区位于第一焦化区的正下方，并且包括热的废砂流，使得第二焦化区中存在更严重的焦化温度。 从提升管/混合器和焦化工艺回收的油和轻烃气体的产物流被引导到位于所述焦化容器上方的分离器，其中重油被除去并且优选地被引导到第二焦化区。
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2.发明授权Method and system for effecting catalytic cracking of high boiling hydrocarbons with fluid conversion catalysts 失效用流体转化催化剂进行高沸点烃的催化裂化的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US4116814A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-26
申请号：US816849
申请日：1977-07-18
申请人： John C. Zahner
发明人： John C. Zahner
CPC分类号： B01J8/26 , C10G11/18 , C10G11/182 , C10G51/06 , Y10S423/16
摘要： A method and system for cracking hydrocarbons with distinct fluid catalyst particles differing in activity, selectivity and physical characteristics is described wherein a common catalyst regeneration system is employed which will measurably contribute to the heat requirements of the operation as well as the activity/selectivity characteristics of the catalyst employed. Except for size, the catalysts upon make-up may have different or identical catalytic characteristics. However, upon contact with a particular hydrocarbon stream, such as vacuum resid, the selectivity and coke producing characteristics of the catalysts may be altered.
摘要翻译： 描述了用活性，选择性和物理特性不同的不同流体催化剂颗粒裂解烃的方法和系统，其中使用通常的催化剂再生系统，其可测量地有助于操作的热需求以及活性/选择性特性 所用的催化剂。 除了大小，化妆品上的催化剂可能具有不同或相同的催化特性。 然而，当与特定烃流（例如真空渣油）接触时，可改变催化剂的选择性和焦炭产生特性。
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3.发明授权Conversion of LPG hydrocarbons into distillate fuels using an integral LPG dehydrogenation-MOGD process 失效使用整体LPG脱氢-MOGD方法将LPG烃转化为馏出燃料
公开(公告)号：US4675461A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US837864
申请日：1986-03-05
申请人： Hartley Owen , John C. Zahner
发明人： Hartley Owen , John C. Zahner
摘要： Disclosed is a method and apparatus for conversion of LPG hydrocarbons into distillate fuels by integrating LPG dehydrogenation with catalytic oligomerization and recovering the distillates produced. The described method and apparatus may comprise an H.sub.2 separation zone, wherein a lean oil stream contacts a dehydrogenation effluent stream to produce a C.sub.3.sup.+ rich liquid stream to feed oligomerization. An energy efficient separation zone comprising dual debutanizers is disclosed. In addition, a method and apparatus is disclosed for a fluid bed dehydrogenation reactor zone using an FCC catalyst contaminated with a metal, such as nickel and/or vanadium.
摘要翻译： 公开了通过将LPG脱氢与催化低聚反应并回收所生产的馏出物将LPG烃转化为馏出燃料的方法和装置。 所描述的方法和装置可以包括H2分离区，其中贫油流与脱氢流出物流接触以产生富含C3 +的液体流以进行低聚。 公开了一种包含双脱氧剂的能量效率分离区。 此外，公开了一种使用被金属如镍和/或钒污染的FCC催化剂的流化床脱氢反应器区域的方法和装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4298453A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-03
申请号：US864402
申请日：1977-12-27
CPC分类号： C10G1/08
摘要： A process for the catalytic devolatilization of coal is disclosed wherein a selected mixture of preheated coal particles and hot catalyst solids is contacted with a gaseous material such as steam and/or a hydrogen-containing gas to form a high temperature suspension in a riser reactor to obtain a high initial rate of heat transfer from high temperature catalyst particles to coal particles thereby promoting high yields of devolatilized liquid hydrocarbon product. Morever, the quality of the devolatilized material is improved by the hot catalytic solids which either convert devolatilized tars and phenols to more desirable products or prevent tar and phenol formation by catalytic interception of the initial products devolatilized from the coal. Char produced by this devolatilization technique is particularly suited for subsequent gasification and other use.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于煤的催化脱挥发分的方法，其中预选的煤颗粒和热催化剂固体的选定混合物与诸如蒸汽和/或含氢气体的气态物质接触，以在提升管反应器中形成高温悬浮液 获得从高温催化剂颗粒到煤颗粒的高的初始传热速率，从而促进脱挥发分液化烃产物的高产率。 更重要的是，通过热催化固体改善脱挥发分材料的质量，其将脱挥发分的焦油和酚转化为更理想的产物，或通过催化截留从煤脱挥发的初始产物来防止焦油和苯酚形成。 通过这种脱挥发分技术生产的焦炭特别适用于随后的气化和其它用途。
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公开(公告)号：US4808764A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US484656
申请日：1983-04-13
CPC分类号： C10G3/49 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2400/02 , Y02P20/582 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A process for introducing a exothermic reactant vapor stream to an adiabatic catalyst zone comprising the steps of: preheating a volatile liquid exothermic reactant stream below its autogenous temperature under process pressure; contacting the preheated liquid reactant stream in a saturator unit with a hot diluent gas to vaporize the reactant stream in gaseous mixture with the diluent stream; directing the gaseous mixture from the saturator unit to the catalyst zone for exothermic conversion of the reactant under substantially adiabatic reaction conditions in the presence of diluent gas; recovering reaction products and diluent gas from the catalyst zone; separating diluent gas from the products, compressing and recycling the diluent gas to the saturator unit. Methods and apparatus are provided for use in a continuous catalytic MTG process for making gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons exothermically from a methanol-containing reactant stream diluted with a methane-rich recycle gas stream by contacting the diluted feedstock with a fixed bed of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst in an adiabatic reaction zone at elevated temperature and pressure.The recycle gas may be contacted with the liquid feedstock in a counter-current vertical tower operatively connected through an upper gas outlet to the reaction zone and wherein liquid feedstock flows downwardly under gravity through a saturation zone.
摘要翻译： 将放热反应物蒸汽流引入绝热催化剂区的方法，包括以下步骤：在过程压力下将挥发性液体放热反应物流预热到其自生温度以下; 将预热的液体反应物流在饱和器单元中与热稀释气体接触，以使气态混合物中的反应物流与稀释剂流汽化; 将气态混合物从饱和器单元引导到催化剂区域，以在稀释气体存在下在基本绝热的反应条件下使反应物放热转化; 从催化剂区回收反应产物和稀释气体; 从产品中分离稀释气体，将稀释气体压缩并再循环到饱和器单元。 提供的方法和装置用于连续催化MTG方法，用于通过使稀释的原料与结晶硅铝酸盐沸石催化剂的固定床接触，从用甲烷富集的循环气流稀释的含甲醇的反应物流中放热制备汽油沸程烃 在绝热反应区中在升高的温度和压力下。 循环气体可以在与通过上部气体出口操作地连接到反应区域的逆流垂直塔架中与液体原料接触，并且其中液体原料在重力作用下向下流过饱和区域。
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公开(公告)号：US4404414A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-13
申请号：US425845
申请日：1982-09-28
申请人： Joe E. Penick , Sergei Yurchak , John C. Zahner
发明人： Joe E. Penick , Sergei Yurchak , John C. Zahner
CPC分类号： C10G3/54 , C07C1/20 , C10G3/49 , C07C2529/40 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/802 , C10G2400/02 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A methanol-to-gasoline conversion process in which the conversion is conducted in a number of reactors which are fed directly by the charge, preferably in equal proportions. A diluent gas, preferably recycled light hydrocarbons separated from the product, is passed in sequence through each of the beds to carry away the heat of reaction. In this way, a high effective recycle ratio is maintained in each bed although the actual recycle ratio for the entire system is low.
摘要翻译： 一种甲醇 - 汽油转化方法，其中转化是在直接通过电荷进料的多个反应器中进行，优选以相等比例进行。 将稀释气体，优选从产物分离出的再循环的轻质烃顺次通过每个床，以携带反应热。 以这种方式，尽管实际的整个系统的再循环比例较低，但是每个床中保持高的有效循环比。
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公开(公告)号：US5008088A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-16
申请号：US218184
申请日：1988-07-13
IPC分类号： C10G3/00
CPC分类号： C10G3/54 , C10G3/49 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/802 , C10G2400/02 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A process for introducing exothermic reactant vapor stream to an adiabatic catalyst zone comprising the steps of: preheating a volatile liquid exothermic reactant stream below its autogenous temperature under process pressure; contacting the preheated liquid reactant stream in a saturator unit with a hot diluent gas to vaporize the reactant stream in gaseous mixture with the diluent stream; directing the gaseous mixture from the saturator unit to the catalyst zone for exothermic conversion of the reactant under substantially adiabatic reaction conditions in the presence of diluent gas; recovering reaction products and diluent gas from the catalyst zone; separating diluent gas from the products, compressing and recycling the diluent gas to the saturator unit. Methods and apparatus are provided for use in a continuous catalytic MTG process for making gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons exothermically from a methanol-containing reactant stream diluted with a methane-rich recycle gas stream by contacting the diluted feedstock with a fixed bed of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst having a silica to alumina ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index of about 1 to 12 in an adiabatic reaction zone at elevated temperature and pressure. The improved MTG system includes contacting compressed recycle gas with preheated liquid feedstock at a temperature substantially below the autogenous temperature of methanol under process conditions to vaporize methanol into the recycle gas stream, thereby providing methanol vapor tot he catalyst bed only in the presence of diluent gas.The recycle gas may be contacted with the liquid feedstock in a counter-current vertical tower operatively connected through an upper gas outlet to the reaction zone and wherein liquid feedstock flows downwardly under gravity through a saturation zone.
摘要翻译： 将放热反应物蒸汽流引入绝热催化剂区的方法，包括以下步骤：在过程压力下预热挥发性液体放热反应物流低于其自生温度; 将预热的液体反应物流在饱和器单元中与热稀释气体接触，以使气态混合物中的反应物流与稀释剂流汽化; 将气态混合物从饱和器单元引导到催化剂区域，以在稀释气体存在下在基本绝热的反应条件下使反应物放热转化; 从催化剂区回收反应产物和稀释气体; 从产品中分离稀释气体，将稀释气体压缩并再循环到饱和器单元。 提供的方法和装置用于连续催化MTG方法，用于通过使稀释的原料与结晶硅铝酸盐沸石催化剂的固定床接触，从用甲烷富集的循环气流稀释的含甲醇的反应物流中放热制备汽油沸程烃 在绝热反应区中在高温和高压下具有至少12的二氧化硅与氧化铝的比例和约1至12的约束指数。 改进的MTG系统包括将压缩的循环气体与预热的液体原料接触，其温度在甲醇的自生温度下，在工艺条件下将甲醇汽化成循环气流，由此仅在稀释气体存在下提供甲醇蒸气 。 循环气体可以在与通过上部气体出口操作地连接到反应区域的逆流垂直塔架中与液体原料接触，并且其中液体原料在重力作用下向下流过饱和区域。
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公开(公告)号：US4946656A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-07
申请号：US137116
申请日：1987-12-22
申请人： Mark S. Ross , John C. Zahner
发明人： Mark S. Ross , John C. Zahner
IPC分类号： C10G11/18
CPC分类号： C10G11/18
摘要： Disclosed is a process and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). Output of an FCC riser feeds a riser cyclone. A downstream end of the riser and the riser cyclone are located within a reactor vessel (disengaging vessel) having sidewalls. Cracked hydrocarbons in the output pass from the riser into a riser cyclone and discharge from the reactor vessel without being added to a reactor vessel atmosphere. A stripper cap divides the reactor vessel atmosphere into upper and lower portions. The stripper cap and a lower portion of the reactor vessel sidewalls define a stripping zone. A riser cyclone dipleg extends through an opening in the stripper cap into the stripping zone. A chimney vent conduit is provided for conducting stripped hydrocarbons out of the stripping zone without being added to the atmosphere of the reactor vessel above the stripper cap.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于流化催化裂化（FCC）的方法和装置。 FCC提升管的输出供给立管旋风分离器。 提升管和提升管旋风分离器的下游端位于具有侧壁的反应器容器（分离容器）内。 输出中的裂解烃从提升管通入立管旋风分离器，并从反应器容器中排放而不加入反应堆容器气氛。 剥离器盖将反应堆容器气氛分成上部和下部。 汽提器盖和反应器容器侧壁的下部限定汽提区。 提升式旋风one di g extends extends extends extends extends。。。。。。。。。。。。 提供了烟囱排气导管，用于将汽提的碳氢化合物带出汽提区，而不会被添加到汽提塔上方的反应堆容器的气氛中。
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公开(公告)号：US4681674A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-21
申请号：US795816
申请日：1985-11-07
申请人： Richard G. Graven , John C. Zahner
发明人： Richard G. Graven , John C. Zahner
CPC分类号： B01J8/02 , C10G45/58 , C10G49/002 , B01J2208/00079 , B01J2208/00088 , B01J2208/00265 , B01J2208/00548 , B01J2208/0061 , Y10S208/01
摘要： A continuous process and system is provided for a petroleum oil in a multi-phase fixed bed catalytic reactor column comprising methods and means for:feeding the oil and a reactant gas at production flow rates above a first bed of porous solid catalyst particles under conversion conditions for cocurrent downward flow therethrough, collecting and withdrawing the treated oil from the first bed and redistributing at least a portion of the treated oil to at least one succeeding catalyst bed while permitting the gaseous phase to flow directly to the succeeding lower catalyst bed, recycling a quantity of treated oil collected below a catalyst bed and reapplying the treated oil at a preceding redistribution zone above the bed from which treated oil is collected, whereby the total of oil production flow rate and recycled treated oil flow rate is maintained at a predetermined minimum sufficient to effect uniform catalyst wetting. This technique is useful for hydrodewaxing of oils over zeolite catalysts.
摘要翻译： 在多相固定床催化反应器塔中为石油提供连续的方法和系统，其包括以下方法和装置：在转化条件下，以多孔固体催化剂颗粒的第一床上方的生产流速输入油和反应气体 从而从第一床收集和取出经处理的油并将至少一部分经处理的油重新分配至至少一个后续催化剂床，同时允许气相直接流到后续的下层催化剂床，循环利用 在催化剂床下面收集的处理油的量，并在处理油被收集的床上方的先前再分配区上重新施加处理的油，由此将总产生的油生产流量和循环处理的油的流速保持在预定的最小值 以实现均匀的催化剂润湿。 该技术可用于油在沸石催化剂上的加氢脱蜡。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4044061A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-23
申请号：US658633
申请日：1976-02-17
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , C10G3/49 , C10G3/60 , C07C2529/40 , C07C2529/65 , C07C2529/70 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4012 , C10G2400/02 , Y02P30/20 , Y10S585/951
摘要： The conversion of methanol to gasoline boiling hydrocarbons in a thermally balanced operation with a special group of zeolite catalysts having a constraint index of 1 to 12, a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a crystal density of not substantially lower than about 1.6 grams per cubic centimeter is described. The steady state operation of the process is improved by feeding methanol preheated to a selected temperature proximate to its boiling point so that the heat required thereafter to vaporize the feed and to raise its temperature to conversion temperature is substantially equal to the exothermicity of the conversion itself.
摘要翻译： 在热平衡操作中，使用特殊的沸石催化剂组合，将甲醇转化为汽油沸点烃，其沸石催化剂的约束指数为1-12，二氧化硅与氧化铝之比至少约为12，晶体密度基本上不低于约1.6 描述每克立方厘米的克数。 通过将预热到接近其沸点的选定温度的甲醇进料来提高该方法的稳态操作，使得其后气化进料并将其温度升高至转化温度所需的热量基本上等于转化炉本身的放热 。
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