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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4489234A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-18
申请号：US478827
申请日：1983-03-25
CPC分类号： H05B3/744 , B32B3/12 , H05B3/0076 , Y10T428/24149
摘要： Radiant-energy heating and/or cooking apparatus has an infrared-wavelength radiation-producing element, a reflector for concentrating the infrared radiation and a coverplate through which the concentrated radiation is transmitted to a recipient material, e.g. foodstuffs to be cooked. The coverplate has first and second surface members separated from one another by a honeycomb of tubes; the members and tubes are fabricated of an infrared-transmissive material. The resulting honeycomb coverplate has low infrared absorption and great mechanical strength capable of withstanding severe thermal shock.
摘要翻译： 辐射能量加热和/或烹饪设备具有红外波长辐射产生元件，用于聚集红外辐射的反射器和通过其将集中的辐射透射到受体材料的覆盖板，例如， 要煮熟的食物 盖板具有第一和第二表面构件，其通过蜂窝状的管彼此分离; 构件和管由红外透射材料制成。 所得到的蜂窝盖板具有低的红外吸收和很大的机械强度，能承受严重的热冲击。
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2.发明授权Control system, method of operating an atmospheric cooling apparatus and atmospheric cooling apparatus 失效控制系统，操作大气冷却装置和大气冷却装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US4967568A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US439540
申请日：1989-11-20
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , F25D17/065 , F25D29/00 , F25B2600/0251 , F25D2317/0653 , F25D2400/04 , Y02B40/32
摘要： A control system for regulating electrical power input to the refrigeration mechanism or defrost mechanism in an atmospheric cooling apparatus, including domestic refrigeration appliances, is provided which employs at least one piezoceramic relay device. The electrical power is applied with the piezoceramic relay device responsive to control signals and with the control circuitry being directly and ohmically connected to the power source. In one embodiment, the control means employs individual piezoceramic relay devices for power regulation to the respective mechanisms while in a different embodiment a single piezoceramic relay device regulates power input between the refrigeration mechanism and the defrost mechanism. A method of operating the controlled apparatus in such manner and a refrigeration apparatus having such control means are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于调节在包括家用制冷装置的大气冷却装置中输入到制冷机构或除霜机构的电力的控制系统，其使用至少一个压电陶瓷中继装置。 响应于控制信号并且控制电路直接和欧姆地连接到电源，电压与压电陶瓷继电器一起施加。 在一个实施例中，控制装置采用单独的压电陶瓷继电器来对各个机构进行功率调节，而在不同的实施例中，单个压电陶瓷继电器调节制冷机构和除霜机构之间的功率输入。 还公开了以这种方式操作受控装置的方法和具有这种控制装置的制冷装置。
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3.发明授权Method for prepolarizing and centering a piezoceramic power switching device 失效压电陶瓷功率开关装置的前极化和定中心的方法
公开(公告)号：US4680840A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-21
申请号：US839768
申请日：1986-03-14
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H11/00 , H01H2050/025 , Y10T29/42
摘要： This application describes a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
摘要翻译： 该应用描述了许多新颖的先进的压电陶瓷功率开关装置，其安装在保护性气密性外壳内，其被抽空到高真空度或填充有惰性气体保护气氛。 如此构造的器件能够在从几百安培到几百安培的相应电流的范围内从大约100伏特延伸到5000伏或更大的负载电压的范围内操作，并且其中可以提供多个这样的结构 单一普通保护气密性外壳。 对于某些电路应用，如此构造的器件具有非绝缘部分，其上安装有诸如电阻器，电容器等的无源电路部件或全部以电路关系彼此互连的有源半导体器件，并且开关器件通过使用印刷电路或集成电路 制造技术。 在这些器件中，通过适当的设计，电容，电感或电阻性质的杂散电路阻抗可以降低到绝对最小值。 如果需要，这样的互补电路部件和有源半导体器件可以安装在普通的保护外壳内，靠近与它们连接的压电陶瓷开关器件，或者可选地安装在保护外壳的外部。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4678957A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-07
申请号：US879495
申请日：1986-06-24
CPC分类号： H01L41/042 , H01H57/00 , H01L41/094
摘要： Improved piezoelectric ceramic switching devices are described along with their method of fabrication. In addition to the devices themselves, novel electric circuits are described for the energization as well as the use of such devices as switching elements in electrical systems. Parts of both the energization circuits and/or utilization circuits employing the piezo ceramic switching device are physically mounted on and supported by non-polarized parts of the piezoelectric ceramic plate elements comprising the switching devices so that lightweight compact construction is achieved along with substantial reduction of stray inductance intercoupling.
摘要翻译： 描述了改进的压电陶瓷开关器件及其制造方法。 除了器件本身之外，描述了新颖的电路用于通电以及使用诸如电气系统中的开关元件的这种器件。 使用压电陶瓷开关装置的通电电路和/或利用电路的部分物理地安装在由包括开关装置的压电陶瓷板元件的非极化部分支撑并由其支撑，使得实现轻量级的紧凑结构，同时实现 杂散电感互耦。
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公开(公告)号：US4070701A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-24
申请号：US657384
申请日：1976-02-11
CPC分类号： H02M3/3378
摘要： A high frequency inverter power supply includes a high power inverter section powered by substantially unfiltered rectified a.c., and a control section including rectifier and filter means for providing substantially pure d.c. to maintain continuous instantaneous control over the high power inverter section. High frequency transformer means and optional output rectifiers and filters provide for a.c. or d.c. output.
摘要翻译： 高频逆变器电源包括由基本上未过滤的整流交流电源供电的大功率逆变器部分，以及包括整流器和滤波器装置的控制部分，用于提供基本上纯的直流。 保持对大功率变频器部分的连续瞬时控制。 高频变压器装置和可选输出整流器和滤波器提供直流。 或直流 输出。
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6.再颁专利Advanced piezoceramic power switching devices employing protective gastight enclosure and method of manufacture 失效先进的压电陶瓷功率开关器件采用保护气密性外壳和制造方法
公开(公告)号：USRE33577E
公开(公告)日：1991-04-23
申请号：US383315
申请日：1989-07-20
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H2050/025
摘要： This application described a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
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公开(公告)号：US4697118A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-29
申请号：US896792
申请日：1986-08-15
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01L41/094
摘要： A switch is provided wherein a piezoelectric bimorph element is used to provide many separately controllable, closely spaced switchable contacts. The element includes at least two oppositely extending fingers connected by a common spine. The element spine is mounted to a case with the fingers spaced from an inner case surface. Electronic circuit means are mounted on the element spine for applying a separate electrical potential to each of the element fingers. A separate movable electrical contact is disposed on each of the element fingers spaced from the spine and insulated from the means for applying the separate electrical potentials to the fingers. A separate stationary contact is provided on an inner case surface opposite each of the movable contacts. In operation, a separate electrical potential is applied to each of the element fingers for selectively causing each finger to deflect and force its movable contact into electrical connection with the opposing stationary contact.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种开关，其中使用压电双晶片元件来提供许多可分离的可紧密间隔的可切换触点。 该元件包括由普通脊柱连接的至少两个相对延伸的指状物。 元件脊柱安装在手指与内壳表面间隔开的外壳上。 电子电路装置安装在元件脊上，以将单独的电位施加到每个元件指状物。 单独的可移动电触头设置在与脊柱间隔开的每个元件指状物上，并与用于将分离的电势施加到手指的装置绝缘。 在与每个可移动触头相对的内壳表面上设置单独的固定触点。 在操作中，单独的电势被施加到每个元件指状件，用于选择性地使每个指状物偏转并迫使其可动触点与相对的固定触点电连接。
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8.发明授权Method for prepolarizing and centering a piezoelectric ceramic switching device 失效压电陶瓷开关器件的前极化和定心的方法
公开(公告)号：US4669160A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US835830
申请日：1986-03-03
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01L41/042 , H01L41/094 , H01L41/257 , H01H11/00 , H01H49/00 , Y10T29/42
摘要： Improved piezoelectric ceramic switching devices are described along with their method of fabrication. In addition to the devices themselves, novel electric circuits are described for the energization as well as the use of such devices as switching elements in electrical systems. Parts of both the energization circuits and/or utilization circuits employing the piezo ceramic switching device are physically mounted on and supported by non-polarized parts of the piezoelectric ceramic plate elements comprising the switching devices so that lightweight compact construction is achieved along with substantial reduction of stray inductance intercoupling.
摘要翻译： 描述了改进的压电陶瓷开关器件及其制造方法。 除了器件本身之外，描述了新颖的电路用于通电以及使用诸如电气系统中的开关元件的这种器件。 使用压电陶瓷开关装置的通电电路和/或利用电路的部分物理地安装在由包括开关装置的压电陶瓷板元件的非极化部分支撑并由其支撑，使得实现轻量级的紧凑结构，同时实现 杂散电感互耦。
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9.发明授权Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits employing piezoceramic bender-type switching devices 失效采用压电陶瓷弯曲型开关器件的零交叉同步交流开关电路
公开(公告)号：US4626698A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US685107
申请日：1984-12-21
CPC分类号： H01H9/56 , H01H57/00 , Y10T307/438 , Y10T307/461 , Y10T307/492
摘要： Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits are provided which employ piezoelectric ceramic bender-type switching devices for use in supplying loads of a resistive, inductive or capacitive nature. The circuits include zero crossing sensing sub-circuits for sensing the passage through zero value of a supply source of alternating current voltage and/or current and for deriving zero crossing timing signals representative of the occurrance of the zero crossings. The zero crossing timing signals are employed to control operation of a bender energizing potential control sub-circuit for selectively controlling application or removal of a bender energizing potential across the piezoelectric bender member of the bender-type switching devices. Phase shift networks are included in the circuit for shifting the phase or time of application of the selectively applied bender energization potential so as to cause it to close or open a set of load current carrying switch contacts substantially at or near the naturally occurring zero crossings of the applied alternating current supplying the load.
摘要翻译： 提供了零交叉同步交流开关电路，其采用用于提供电阻，电感或电容性质的负载的压电陶瓷弯曲型开关装置。 这些电路包括用于感测通过交流电压和/或电流的电源的零值的零交叉感测子电路，并且用于导出代表过零点的出现的过零定时信号。 采用过零定时信号来控制弯曲激励电位控制子电路的操作，用于选择性地控制跨越弯曲型开关器件的压电弯曲部件的施加或去除弯曲激励电位。 相移网络包括在电路中，用于移动施加有选择地施加的弯曲器通电电位的相位或时间，以便使其关闭或打开一组负载电流承载开关触点，基本上处于或接近自然发生的过零点 施加的交流电供应负载。
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公开(公告)号：US4438396A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-20
申请号：US286491
申请日：1981-07-24
CPC分类号： G01R15/183 , G01R13/407 , G01R15/002
摘要： A low cost volt/ampere meter for consumer use employs a single liquid crystal bargraph display and a simple voltage divider network to display both line voltages and appliance currents encountered in a residential environment. The instrument employs standard line voltage prongs on one end and a socket for accepting standard line voltage prongs on the other end. A range switch connects the instrument to read either voltage across the meter prongs or current through the prongs. When the prongs are inserted into a duplex receptacle and an appliance is plugged into the meter socket, current drawn by the appliance will be displayed on the bargraph when the range switch is selected to read amperes.
摘要翻译： 用于消费者使用的低成本电压/电流表采用单个液晶条形图显示器和简单的分压器网络来显示住宅环境中遇到的线路电压和器具电流。 仪器在一端采用标准线电压插脚，另一端采用标准线电压插脚。 量程开关连接仪器以读取仪表插脚上的电压或通过插脚的电流。 当插脚插入双面插座并将器具插入仪表插座时，当选择范围开关读取安培时，器具拉出的电流将显示在条形图上。
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