公开(公告)号：US5440311A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

申请号：US103027

申请日：1993-08-06

申请人： John J. Gallagher ,  Harry Urkowitz

发明人： John J. Gallagher ,  Harry Urkowitz

IPC分类号： G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/522 ,  G01S13/42

CPC分类号： G01S13/284 ,  G01S13/522

摘要： A radar transmits dispersed pulses in which the subpulses are modulated by first and second mutually complementary code sequences, the autocorrelation functions of which are selected so that, in the sum of their autocorrelation functions, the main range lobes add, and the range sidelobes cancel. The received pulses with their Doppler sidebands are applied to a plurality of channels, each of which (except one) contains a mixer-oscillator combination that removes a specific Doppler phase shift along the range dimension at a different channel frequency. One channel has no mixer-oscillator because it is centered at a zero channel frequency. Within each channel, the received signals modulated by the first and second codes are matched-filtered by filters matched to the first and second codes, respectively, to produce first and second time-compressed pulses, each including (a) a main lobe representing the target range, and (b) undesirable range sidelobes. The first and second time compressed pulses are added together in each channel, to produce range pulses with suppressed range sidelobes. The channel signals, after pulse compression, delay, and addition, are each applied to one channel of a pulse-to-pulse Doppler filter bank. The outputs from the pulse-to-pulse Doppler filter bank are applied for further radar signal processing.

摘要翻译： 雷达发射分散脉冲，其中子脉冲由第一和第二互补码序列调制，其自相关函数被选择，使得在它们的自相关函数的总和中，主范围波瓣加上，并且范围旁瓣取消。 具有多普勒边带的接收脉冲被施加到多个信道，其中每个信道（除了一个）包含混频器 - 振荡器组合，其在不同的信道频率处沿着范围维度去除特定的多普勒相移。 一个通道没有混频器振荡器，因为它以零通道频率为中心。 在每个通道内，由第一和第二代码调制的接收信号分别通过与第一和第二代码匹配的滤波器进行匹配滤波，以产生第一和第二时间压缩脉冲，每个包括（a）代表 目标范围和（b）不期望的范围旁瓣。 在每个通道中将第一和第二时间压缩脉冲相加在一起，以产生具有抑制范围旁瓣的范围脉冲。 脉冲压缩，延迟和相加后的通道信号各自被施加到脉冲到脉冲多普勒滤波器组的一个通道。 来自脉冲到脉冲多普勒滤波器组的输出被应用于进一步的雷达信号处理。

公开(公告)号：US5414428A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-09

申请号：US239051

申请日：1994-05-06

申请人： John J. Gallagher ,  Harry Urkowitz

发明人： John J. Gallagher ,  Harry Urkowitz

IPC分类号： G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/522

CPC分类号： G01S13/284 ,  G01S13/522

摘要： A radar system transmits dispersed pulses, and receives echoes from targets. The echo signals are digitized and applied over a number of signal paths. In each signal path except one, the digitized signal is multiplied by one of a plurality of differential exponential signals, for converting the echo signal of different exponential signals, for converting the echo signal in each path to baseband, with the baseband frequency representing a particular Doppler which depends upon the exponential signal. In the one remaining signal path, no multiplier is used, and the echo signal is deemed to be at baseband. The signals in each path are applied through a cascade of a pulse compressor and a range sidelobe suppressor. Since Doppler filtering has not yet taken place, full compression and range sidelobe reduction is not achieved, because of extraneous pulse-to-pulse phase shifts. The signals in each signal path are applied to a filter element of a pulse-to-pulse Doppler filter bank, which removes the extraneous phase shifts, and thereby provides full suppression of the range sidelobes.

摘要翻译： 雷达系统发射分散的脉冲，并从目标接收回波。 回波信号被数字化并施加在多个信号路径上。 在除了一个之外的每个信号路径中，数字化信号乘以多个微分指数信号中的一个，用于转换不同指数信号的回波信号，用于将每个路径中的回波信号转换为基带，基带频率表示特定的 取决于指数信号的多普勒。 在一条剩余的信号路径中，不使用乘法器，并且回声信号被认为处于基带状态。 每个路径中的信号通过脉冲压缩机和范围旁瓣抑制器的级联施加。 由于多普勒滤波还没有发生，由于外部脉冲相对于脉冲相移，不能实现全压缩和范围旁瓣减少。 每个信号路径中的信号被施加到脉冲到脉冲多普勒滤波器组的滤波器元件，其去除外部相移，从而提供范围旁瓣的完全抑制。

公开(公告)号：US5309161A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-03

申请号：US988706

申请日：1992-12-10

申请人： Harry Urkowitz ,  John J. Gallagher ,  Jerald D. Nespor ,  Sheldon L. Katz

发明人： Harry Urkowitz ,  John J. Gallagher ,  Jerald D. Nespor ,  Sheldon L. Katz

IPC分类号： G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/526

CPC分类号： G01S13/288 ,  G01S13/526

摘要： A radar system includes a doppler/pulse compressor/range sidelobe suppressor filter bank (40), which separates received echo signals according to their frequency spectrum into doppler channels, and within each doppler channel performs pulse compression for reducing the duration of the received signals, and also performs range sidelobe suppression, for improving range resolution. It may be advantageous to perform certain types of processing in the time domain, such as determination of spectral moments for estimating velocity spread, mean closing velocity, and reflectivity of a diffuse target such as a weather phenomenon. An inverse (frequency-to-time) transform (50) is performed on the signals produced by the doppler/pulse compressor/range sidelobe suppressor filter bank (40), to produce a reconstructed version of the received signals. In these reconstructed signals, the pulses are compressed, and range sidelobes are reduced. The time-domain processing (62) is performed on the reconstructed signals. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the range sidelobe suppression and pulse compression filters (34a, 34b . . . ) follow the doppler filters (32), but any ordering of the filters may be used. Interchannel frequency interference attributable to the non-zero bandwidth of the Doppler filters may be reduced by pulse-to-pulse time weighting (30) applied to the received signals over a time window corresponding to a particular dwell, together with inverse weighting (62) following the inverse transformation.

摘要翻译： 雷达系统包括多普勒/脉冲压缩器/范围旁瓣抑制滤波器组（40），其将接收到的回波信号根据其频谱分离成多普勒通道，并且在每个多普勒通道内执行脉冲压缩以减少接收信号的持续时间， 并且还执行范围旁瓣抑制，以提高范围分辨率。 在时域中执行某些类型的处理可能是有利的，例如确定用于估计速度扩展的频谱力矩，平均关闭速度以及诸如天气现象的漫射目标的反射率。 对由多普勒/脉冲压缩器/范围旁瓣抑制滤波器组（40）产生的信号执行反向（频率 - 时间）变换（50），以产生接收信号的重构版本。 在这些重建信号中，脉冲被压缩，并且范围旁瓣减少。 对重构信号进行时域处理（62）。 在本发明的特定实施例中，范围旁瓣抑制和脉冲压缩滤波器（34a，34b ...）跟随多普勒滤波器（32），但是可以使用滤波器的任何排序。 归因于多普勒滤波器的非零带宽的通道间频率干扰可以通过在对应于特定驻留的时间窗口上应用于接收信号的脉冲到脉冲时间加权（30）以及反加权（62）来减小， 跟随逆变换。

公开(公告)号：US5128683A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-07

申请号：US685791

申请日：1991-04-16

申请人： Jerome E. Freedman ,  John J. Gallagher ,  Michael S. Perry

发明人： Jerome E. Freedman ,  John J. Gallagher ,  Michael S. Perry

IPC分类号： G01S7/02 ,  G01S7/03 ,  G01S7/282 ,  G01S13/12 ,  G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/42 ,  G01S13/44 ,  G01S13/87 ,  G01S13/91 ,  G01S13/95 ,  H01Q3/26

CPC分类号： H01Q3/26 ,  G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S13/91 ,  G01S7/032 ,  G01S2013/0254

摘要： A multipurpose system provides radar surveillance for air traffic control purposes. The system includes four separate active phased-array antennas, each with .+-.45.degree. coverage in azimuth, from 0.degree. to 60.degree. in elevation. Each antenna element of each phased-array antenna is coupled by a low-loss path to the solid-state amplifier associated with a transmit-receive (TR) module. Each antenna produces a sequence of pencil beams, which requires less transmitted power from the TR modules than a fan beam, but requires more time because the pencil beam must be sequenced to cover the same volume as the fan beam. In order to scan the volume in a short time, the PRF is responsive to the elevation angle of the beam, so higher elevation angles use a higher PRF. Low elevation angle beams receive long transmitter pulses for high power, and pulse compression is used to restored range resolution, but the long pulse results in a large minimum range within which targets cannot be detected. A second can is provided at low elevation angles with a short transmitter pulse to fill in the short-range coverage. Beams at higher elevation angles transmit pulse widths which are shorter than beams at low elevation angles, so that the minimum range requirement is met without a second scan, which also reduces the time required for volumetric scan. The number of pulses which are integrated to produce a return increases off-axis, to restore system margin lost due to off-axis power gain reduction. The volumetric scan rate is increased by a dynamic scan regimen by which subsets of beams are pulsed with a high transmitter PRF but with a low effective beam PRF to reduce range ambiguity and preserve Doppler resolution without the usual increase of scan time. For best range resolution, Doppler processing is used, with range sidelobe pulse suppression applied separately to each Doppler frequency bin.

公开(公告)号：US5095836A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US547185

申请日：1990-07-03

申请人： John J. Gallagher

发明人： John J. Gallagher

IPC分类号： B63B25/08

CPC分类号： B63B25/082 ,  Y10T137/3006 ,  Y10T137/8626 ,  Y10T137/86348

摘要： An emergency bulk liquid cargo handling system for marine vessels when storage tanks for those liquids have been ruptured and flooded with sea water wherein the liquid cargo handling system is adjustable to provide liquid cargo removal from the flooded tanks regardless of the level of the liquid cargo/water interface in the flooded tank.

摘要翻译： 当这些液体的储罐已经破裂并充满海水时，用于海洋船舶的紧急散货液体货物处理系统，其中液体货物处理系统是可调节的，以便从淹没的水箱中提取液体货物，而不管液体货物/ 淹水池中的水界面。

公开(公告)号：US4287756A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-08

申请号：US87737

申请日：1979-10-24

申请人： John J. Gallagher

发明人： John J. Gallagher

IPC分类号： G01F23/24 ,  G01F23/00

CPC分类号： G01F23/24

摘要： A device for determining the relative properties of stratified fluids, such as the interface between oil and water having plural fluid character recording stations with sensors on an elongated member. Means are provided to clear the recording stations to preclude contamination of the sensors by fluid from other strata.

摘要翻译： 用于确定分层流体的相对性质的装置，例如油和水之间的界面，其具有在细长构件上具有传感器的多个流体字符记录站。 提供装置以清除记录站，以防止来自其他层的流体对传感器的污染。

公开(公告)号：US5115244A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-19

申请号：US686053

申请日：1991-04-16

申请人： Jerome E. Freedman ,  Michael S. Perry ,  John J. Gallagher

发明人： Jerome E. Freedman ,  Michael S. Perry ,  John J. Gallagher

IPC分类号： G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/42 ,  G01S13/44 ,  G01S13/66

CPC分类号： G01S13/282 ,  G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S13/44 ,  G01S13/66

摘要： A multipurpose system provides radar surveillance for air traffic control purposes. The system includes four separate active phased-array antennas, each with .+-.45.degree. coverage in azimuth, from 0.degree. to 60.degree. in elevation. Each antenna element of each phased-array antenna is coupled by a low-loss path to the solid-state amplifier associated with a transmit-receive (TR) module. Each antenna produces a sequence of pencil beams, which requires less transmitted power from the TR modules than a fan beam, but requires more time because the pencil beam must be sequenced to cover the same volume as the fan beam. In order to scan the volume in a short time, the PRF is responsive to the elevation angle of the beam, so higher elevation angles use a higher PRF. Low elevation angle beams receive long transmitter pulses for high power, and pulse compression is used to restore range resolution, but the long pulse results in a large minimum range within which targets cannot be detected. A second scan is provided at low elevation angles with a short transmitter pulse to fill in the short-range coverage. Beams at higher elevation angles transmit pulse widths which are shorter than beams at low elevation angles, so that the minimum range requirement is met without a second scan, which also reduces the time required for volumetric scan. The number of pulses which are integrated to produce a return increases off-axis, to restore system margin lost due to off-axis power gain reduction. The volumetric scan rate is increased by a dynamic scan regimen by which subsets of beams are pulsed with a high transmitter PRF but with a low effective beam PRF to reduce range ambiguity and preserve Doppler resolution without the usual increase of scan time. For best range resolution, Doppler processing is used, with range sidelobe pulse suppression applied separately to each Doppler frequency bin.

公开(公告)号：US5103233A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-07

申请号：US686051

申请日：1991-04-16

申请人： John J. Gallagher ,  Jerome E. Freedman ,  Michael S. Perry

发明人： John J. Gallagher ,  Jerome E. Freedman ,  Michael S. Perry

IPC分类号： G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/42 ,  G01S13/44 ,  G01S13/58 ,  G01S13/95 ,  H01Q21/00

CPC分类号： H01Q21/0025 ,  G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S13/44 ,  G01S13/582 ,  G01S13/951

摘要： A multipurpose system provides radar surveillance for air traffic control purposes. The system includes four separate active phased-array antennas, each with .+-.45.degree. coverage in azimuth, from 0.degree. to 60.degree. in elevation. Each antenna element of each phased-array antenna is coupled by a low-loss path to the solid-state amplifier associated with a transmit-receive (TR) module. Each antenna produces a sequence of pencil beams, which requires less transmitted power from the TR modules than a fan beam, but requires more time because the pencil beam must be sequenced to cover the same volume as the fan beam. In order to scan the volume in a short time, the PRF is responsive to the elevation angle of the beam, so higher elevation angles use a higher PRF. Low elevation angle beams receive long transmitter pulses for high power, and pulse compression is used to restore range resolution, but the long pulse results in a large minimum range within which targets cannot be detected. A second scan is provided at low elevation angles with a short transmitter pulse to fill in the short-range coverage. Beams at higher elevation angles transmit pulse widths which are shorter than beams at low elevation angles so that the minimum range requirement is met without a second scan, which also reduces the time required for volumetric scan. The number of pulses which are integrated to produce a return increases off-axis, to restore system margin lost due to off-axis power gain reduction. The volumetric scan rate is increased by a dynamic scan regimen by which subsets of beams are pulsed with a high transmitter PRF but with a low effective beam PRF to reduce range ambiguity and preserve Doppler resolution without the usual increase of scan time. For best range resolution, Doppler processing is used, with range sidelobe pulse suppression applied separately to each Doppler frequency bin.

公开(公告)号：US4323026A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-06

申请号：US87738

申请日：1979-10-24

申请人： John J. Gallagher

发明人： John J. Gallagher

IPC分类号： B63B1/06 ,  B63B43/18 ,  B63B59/02

CPC分类号： B63B1/063 ,  B63B43/18 ,  B63B59/02 ,  Y02T70/126

摘要： The drag-reducing bulbous bow of a seagoing vessel is provided with energy-absorbing structure including a controllably released fluid to reduce damage imparted by that vessel upon collision with another vessel or with an object.

摘要翻译： 具有能量吸收结构的能量吸收结构包括可控释放的流体，以减少由该容器在与另一容器或物体碰撞时所产生的损伤。

公开(公告)号：US4008575A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-22

申请号：US568678

申请日：1975-04-16

申请人： John J. Gallagher

发明人： John J. Gallagher

IPC分类号： E02B15/04 ,  E02B15/06 ,  E02B3/00

CPC分类号： E02B15/08 ,  E02B15/0814 ,  E02B15/085 ,  E02B15/0885 ,  Y10S24/39 ,  Y10T24/45178 ,  Y10T403/60

摘要： A connector for elements of floating pollution containment booms having a sliding tongue-in-groove joint with members formed to direct transverse forces, generated by tension in the joint, inwardly of the joint to affect stronger interconnection between the elements.

摘要翻译： 一种用于漂浮污染物容纳吊杆的连接件，其具有滑动的榫槽内接头，其中构件形成为引导由接头中的张力产生的横向力，从而影响连接元件之间的更牢固的连接。