摘要:
A memory device includes a vertical string of nonvolatile memory cells on a substrate, along with a ground selection transistor extending between the vertical string of nonvolatile memory cells and the substrate. The ground selection transistor can have a current carrying terminal electrically coupled to a channel region of a nonvolatile memory cell in the vertical string of nonvolatile memory cells. The ground selection transistor includes a gate electrode associated with a ground selection line of the memory device. This gate electrode includes: (i) a mask pattern, (ii) a barrier metal layer of a first material extending opposite a sidewall of the mask pattern and (iii) a metal pattern of a second material different from the first material extending between at least a portion of the barrier metal layer and the mask pattern.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a lower structure including a lower conductor, an upper structure having an opening exposing the lower conductor on the lower structure, and a connection structure filling the opening and connected to the lower conductor. The connection structure includes a first tungsten layer covering an inner surface of the opening and defining a recess region in the opening, and a second tungsten layer filling the recess region on the first tungsten layer. A grain size of the second tungsten layer in an upper portion of the connection structure is greater than a grain size of the second tungsten layer in a lower portion of the connection structure.
摘要:
Methods of forming a semiconductor device include forming an insulation layer on a semiconductor structure, forming an opening in the insulation layer, the opening having a sidewall defined by one side of the insulation layer, forming a first metal layer in the opening, at least partially exposing the sidewall of the opening by performing a wet-etching process on the first metal layer, and selectively forming a second metal layer on the etched first metal layer. An average grain size of the first metal layer is smaller than an average grain size of the second metal layer. Related semiconductor devices are also disclosed.
摘要:
Methods of forming a semiconductor device include forming an insulation layer on a semiconductor structure, forming an opening in the insulation layer, the opening having a sidewall defined by one side of the insulation layer, forming a first metal layer in the opening, at least partially exposing the sidewall of the opening by performing a wet-etching process on the first metal layer, and selectively forming a second metal layer on the etched first metal layer. An average grain size of the first metal layer is smaller than an average grain size of the second metal layer. Related semiconductor devices are also disclosed.
摘要:
In the method of fabricating the variable-resistance memory device, a substrate including a conductive region is provided, and a preliminary lower electrode is formed on the conductive region. A lower electrode is formed by oxidizing an upper portion of the preliminary lower electrode. A phase-change material layer is formed on the lower electrode.