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公开(公告)号：US06130607A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-10
申请号：US175121
申请日：1998-10-19
IPC分类号： A01D34/64 , B60R21/00 , G01S7/28 , G01S13/56 , G01S13/93 , G08B21/00 , H01Q1/32 , H01Q9/27 , B60Q1/00
CPC分类号： H01Q9/27 , G01S13/56 , G01S13/931 , G01S7/2813 , H01Q1/3233 , G01S2013/9317 , G01S2013/9346 , G01S2013/9375 , G01S2013/9378 , G01S2013/9385
摘要： A protection sensor for a lawn vehicle includes a substantially unidirectional antenna operatively coupled to a Doppler detection circuit. The Doppler detection circuit generates a radio frequency signal which is radiated by the antenna. When the radiated signal strikes an object, such as a person, animal or another moving lawn vehicle, within a predefined detection region of the sensor, the signal is reflected and received by the antenna. The Doppler detection circuit generates an output signal responsive to a difference in frequency between the radiated signal and the reflected signal, thereby indicating the presence of the moving object within the protection region of the sensor. The unidirectional antenna virtually eliminates false detections generated by the lawn vehicle, to which the sensor is mounted, or by the operator of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 用于草坪车辆的保护传感器包括可操作地耦合到多普勒检测电路的基本单向天线。 多普勒检测电路产生由天线辐射的射频信号。 当辐射信号在传感器的预定义的检测区域内撞击诸如人，动物或其他移动草坪车辆的物体时，信号被天线反射和接收。 多普勒检测电路响应于辐射信号和反射信号之间的频率差产生输出信号，从而指示移动物体在传感器的保护区域内的存在。 单向天线实际上消除了由传感器安装到的草坪车辆或车辆操作者产生的错误检测。
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2.发明授权Apparatus and method for real time determination of arc fault energy, location and type 失效用于实时确定电弧故障能量，位置和类型的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07068045B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-27
申请号：US10627016
申请日：2003-07-25
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： H02H1/0015 , H02H7/263
摘要： A detection module and remote load voltage sensor determine a location of a parallel arc for a power circuit between a power source and a load in real time. The detection module provides a value of voltage from the power source. A current sensor measures a value of current flowing in the power circuit to or from the power source. The remote load voltage sensor measures a value of voltage at the load. A microprocessor determines the parallel arc location from the value of voltage from the power source, the value of current, the value of voltage at the load, and a wire resistance or conductance per unit length of the power circuit. In one case, connector resistance is accounted for. In another case, the load voltage is encoded at a predetermined frequency using a switched precision resistor near the load, thereby providing a power line carrier type communication.
摘要翻译： 检测模块和远程负载电压传感器实时确定电源和负载之间的电源电路的并联电弧位置。 检测模块提供来自电源的电压值。 电流传感器测量电源电路中流过或来自电源的电流值。 远程负载电压传感器测量负载电压值。 微处理器根据电源的电压值，电流值，负载电压值，以及电源电路每单位长度的导线电阻或电导率来确定并联电弧位置。 在一种情况下，考虑连接器电阻。 在另一种情况下，使用负载附近的切换精密电阻器以预定频率对负载电压进行编码，从而提供电力线载波型通信。
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3.发明申请STRING AND SYSTEM EMPLOYING DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRICAL GENERATING MODULES AND A NUMBER OF STRING PROTECTORS 审中-公开使用直接电流发电模块的STRING和系统和一些保护器公开(公告)号：US20110090607A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-21
申请号：US12582367
申请日：2009-10-20
IPC分类号： H02H3/00
CPC分类号： H02H3/00 , H01L31/02021 , H02H1/0015 , H02H7/20 , H02H7/262 , Y02E10/56
摘要： A string includes direct current electrical generating modules electrically connected in series to form a first end and a remote second end. A power line is electrically connected to one DC EGM at the first end. A return line is electrically connected to another DC EGM at the remote second end. A first string protector is in the power line of the string, and a second SP is in the return line of the string at the remote second end. One of the first and second SPs includes a number of an over current protector, an arc fault protector, a reverse current protector and a ground fault protector. The other one of the first and second SPs includes a number of an over current protector, an arc fault protector, a reverse current protector, a ground fault protector, and a remotely controlled switch in series with the power or return lines.
摘要翻译： 串包括串联电连接以形成第一端和远端第二端的直流发电模块。 电源线在第一端电连接到一个DC EGM。 返回线路在远程第二端电连接到另一个DC EGM。 第一个字符串保护器位于字符串的电源线中，第二个SP位于远程第二端的字符串的返回行中。 第一和第二SP之一包括一些过电流保护器，电弧故障保护器，反向电流保护器和接地故障保护器。 第一和第二SP中的另一个包括多个过电流保护器，电弧故障保护器，反向电流保护器，接地故障保护器和与电源或返回线串联的远程控制开关。
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4.发明授权Low current switching apparatus having detent structure providing tactile feedback 失效具有提供触觉反馈的确定结构的低电流切换装置
公开(公告)号：US5053592A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US486570
申请日：1990-02-28
申请人： Joseph C. Zuercher
发明人： Joseph C. Zuercher
IPC分类号： H01H23/02 , H01H13/50 , H01H13/705 , H01H23/00 , H01H23/30
CPC分类号： H01H23/00 , H01H13/50 , H01H13/705 , H01H2215/028 , H01H2215/034 , H01H2219/062 , H01H2221/018 , H01H2231/026 , H01H2300/01
摘要： Pivotal movement of a switch actuator drives a finger projecting from the actuator against a convexly bowed leaf spring, depressing an intermediate portion of the leaf spring to an unstable concave condition. The leaf spring resists the actuator movement, initially with an increasing force but changing to a decreasing force at a predictable point in actuator movement to provide tactile feedback at an operator affixed to the actuator. The leaf spring is a flat beam. The spring foce and point of changeover can be readily and predictably varied during manufacture by selecting springs having different widths, thicknesses or other variable parameters. A modular block holds the spring in the bowed condition and is positioned relative to the actuator finger by a support plate. The actuator finger drives the spring against a conductive rubber block, compressing the block against spaced conductors on a printed circuit to complete the circuit. A plurality of such switches are made in a common package by layering a printed circuit, insulator sheet, conductive rubber sheet with raised bosses, detent support plate and a plurality of detent blocks with bowed springs, between a base and a cover. Back lit illumination is provided by a light pipe trapped against the cover as an additional layer. A microprocessor board, connected to the internal printed circuit, is attached to the switch housing exteriorly of the base.
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06639768B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-28
申请号：US10029545
申请日：2001-12-20
IPC分类号： H02H316
摘要： Tripping of a circuit breaker by an arc fault detector is blocked by a disable circuit upon detection of a transient associated with cold turn-on of an incandescent bulb powered by a dimmer. The peak value of pulses generated by the bandpass filter of the arc detector in response to step increases in the ac current is decayed approximately exponentially. The amplitude of each pulse is compared with upper and lower percentage limits of the decaying peak value. If the amplitudes of the pulses remain below the upper threshold for about 3 to 4 half cycles and exceed the lower threshold each half cycle, a dimmer transient is identified and logic is set to block generation of a false arc signal.
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公开(公告)号：US4949584A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-21
申请号：US350658
申请日：1989-05-08
IPC分类号： G01B17/00
CPC分类号： G01B17/00
摘要： The depth of a cavity or chamber (10') is measured by using the chamber as the resonator of an electronic oscillator (24) whose oscillations are coupled to fluid in the cavity by transducers (12, 13). Both the variable-depth main chamber (10') and a reference chamber (117) of fixed depth are measured. Variations in the data obtained from the chambers are caused by factors affecting the velocity of propagation of sound in the fluid. An accurate measurement of the depth of the main chamber is obtained by compensating direct data (at 42) obtained from the main chamber (10'), using, data (at 43) obtained from the fixed-depth reference chamber (117). In one embodiment an inertance orifice (121) is utilized between the two chambers. The fluid inertance of the orifice, together with the compliance of the fluid in the main chamber (10'), form a resonant system whose anti-resonant frequency is a measure of the dimensions of the main chamber. (Inertance is the acoustical equivalent of inductance.)
摘要翻译： 通过使用室作为电子振荡器（24）的谐振器来测量空腔或室（10'）的深度，该振荡器的振荡通过换能器（12,13）耦合到空腔中的流体。 测量可变深度主室（10'）和固定深度的参考室（117）。 从室获得的数据的变化是由影响流体中声音传播速度的因素引起的。 通过使用从固定深度参考室（117）获得的数据（在43）补偿从主室（10'）获得的直接数据（在42℃）来获得主室深度的精确测量。 在一个实施例中，在两个室之间使用惯性孔（121）。 孔口的流体惯性以及主腔室（10'）中流体的顺应性形成谐振系统，其反谐振频率是主腔室尺寸的量度。 （惯性是电感的声学等效值。
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公开(公告)号：US4472875A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-25
申请号：US508316
申请日：1983-06-27
IPC分类号： B41J2/34 , B41J2/355 , H01L21/02 , H01L21/301 , H01L21/52 , H01L21/58 , H01L21/822 , H01L23/14 , H01L27/04 , H01L27/12 , H01L21/78 , H01L21/95
CPC分类号： B41J2/355 , Y10S438/975
摘要： A method for manufacturing an integrated circuit thermal print head is illustrated including transistor 20 and a resistor doped region 22 formed on a first surface of a silicon circuit wafer 10. A contamination barrier in the form of a moat 26 filled with silicon nitride 30 is formed around the transistor 20. A support wafer 50 is secured to the first surface of the circuit wafer 10 by an adhesive layer 58. The circuit wafer 10 is thinned, and the exposed surface of the circuit wafer 10 is photoshaped to define wafer segments 68 positioned over the resistor doped region 22.
摘要翻译： 示出了制造集成电路热敏打印头的方法，其包括晶体管20和形成在硅电路晶片10的第一表面上的电阻器掺杂区22.形成填充有氮化硅30的护城河26形式的污染阻挡层 支撑晶片50通过粘合剂层58固定到电路晶片10的第一表面。电路晶片10变薄，并且电路晶片10的暴露表面被成形以限定定位的晶片段68 在电阻掺杂区22上。
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公开(公告)号：US4468857A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-04
申请号：US508317
申请日：1983-06-27
IPC分类号： H01L23/14 , H01L21/02 , H01L21/301 , H01L21/304 , H01L21/52 , H01L21/58 , H01L21/822 , H01L23/544 , H01L27/04 , H01L27/12 , H01L21/78 , H01L21/95
CPC分类号： H01L23/544 , H01L2223/54453 , H01L2924/0002 , Y10S148/102 , Y10S438/975 , Y10T156/1052
摘要： A method for manufacturing an integrated circuit device illustrates the preparation of the first surface of a circuit wafer including the placement of fine alignment indicia 34a outside the active chip area. A support wafer 50 is secured to the first surface of the circuit wafer 10 by an adhesive layer 58. The circuit wafer 10 is thinned. Openings 66 are photoshaped in the circuit wafer 10 using wafer flats 51 for alignment. The openings expose alignment indicia 34a which are relief images in the adhesive of the alignment pattern 34. The exposed surface of the circuit wafer 10 is photoshaped, using the indicia 34a for alignment, to define wafer segments 68 positioned over resistor doped regions 22.
摘要翻译： 集成电路器件的制造方法示出了电路晶片的第一表面的制备，其包括在有源芯片区域外部放置精细对准标记34a。 支撑晶片50通过粘合剂层58固定到电路晶片10的第一表面。电路晶片10变薄。 开口66使用晶片平面51对准电路晶片10而成像。 这些开口露出对准标记34a，其是对准图案34的粘合剂中的浮雕图像。使用标记34a对准电路晶片10的暴露表面，以定义位于电阻器掺杂区域22上方的晶片段68。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08837097B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-16
申请号：US12795032
申请日：2010-06-07
申请人： Joseph C. Zuercher , Birger Pahl , Charles J. Luebke , Brian Thomas Pier , Jerome K. Hastings , Vijay Bhavaraju
发明人： Joseph C. Zuercher , Birger Pahl , Charles J. Luebke , Brian Thomas Pier , Jerome K. Hastings , Vijay Bhavaraju
CPC分类号： H02H7/20 , H01L31/02021 , H02H3/04 , H02H7/10 , Y02E10/56
摘要： A protection apparatus is for a direct current electrical generating apparatus. The protection apparatus includes a first terminal; a second terminal; a third terminal; a fourth terminal; at least one current sensor structured to sense current flowing between the first and second terminals or between the third and fourth terminals; a voltage sensor structured to sense a voltage between the first terminal and the third terminal; at least one switch structured to interrupt the current flowing between the first and second terminals or between the third and fourth terminals; and a processor cooperating with the at least one current sensor, the voltage sensor and the at least one switch, and being structured to provide feed forward fault protection for the direct current electrical generating apparatus.
摘要翻译： 保护装置用于直流发电装置。 保护装置包括：第一终端; 第二个终端 第三个终端; 第四个终端; 至少一个电流传感器，其被构造为感测在所述第一和第二端子之间或所述第三和第四端子之间流动的电流; 电压传感器，被构造为感测第一端子和第三端子之间的电压; 至少一个开关，被构造成中断在第一和第二端子之间或第三和第四端子之间流动的电流; 以及处理器，其与所述至少一个电流传感器，所述电压传感器和所述至少一个开关配合，并被构造成为所述直流发电设备提供前馈故障保护。
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10.发明申请DIRECT CURRENT ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER, DIRECT CURRENT ARC FAULT DETECTOR, NOISE BLANKING CIRCUIT FOR A DIRECT CURRENT ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER, AND METHOD OF DETECTING ARC FAULTS 有权直流电弧故障电路中断器，直流电弧故障检测器，用于直流电弧故障电路中断器的噪声除电电路以及检测电弧故障的方法公开(公告)号：US20110141644A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-16
申请号：US12637873
申请日：2009-12-15
IPC分类号： H02H3/50
CPC分类号： H02H1/0015 , H01L31/02021 , H02H1/04 , H02H7/20 , Y02E10/56
摘要： A direct current arc fault circuit interrupter includes separable contacts and a trip circuit to trip open the contacts. The trip circuit includes a number of alternating current sensors structured to sense a current flowing through the separable contacts, a number of filter circuits cooperating with the AC current sensors to output a number of AC signals, a number of peak detectors cooperating with the filter circuits to output a number of peak current signals, and a processor cooperating with at least the peak detectors. The processor inputs the number of peak current signals as a plurality of peak current signals or inputs the number of peak current signals and determines the plurality of peak current signals. The processor also determines if the peak current signals exceed corresponding predetermined thresholds for a predetermined time, and responsively causes the contacts to trip open.
摘要翻译： 直流电弧故障电路断路器包括可分离触点和跳闸电路，以使触点断开。 跳闸电路包括多个交流传感器，其被构造为感测流过可分离触点的电流，多个滤波电路与AC电流传感器配合以输出多个AC信号，多个峰值检测器与滤波器电路 以输出多个峰值电流信号，以及与至少峰值检测器协作的处理器。 处理器输入峰值电流信号的数量作为多个峰值电流信号，或输入峰值电流信号的数量，并确定多个峰值电流信号。 处理器还确定峰值电流信号是否在预定时间内超过相应的预定阈值，并且响应地使触点跳闸打开。
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