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公开(公告)号：US07324568B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-29
申请号：US10820613
申请日：2004-04-08
申请人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
发明人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
IPC分类号： H01S3/11
CPC分类号： H01S3/0627 , G02F1/0126 , G02F1/3523 , H01S3/0604 , H01S3/08054 , H01S3/106 , H01S3/1061 , H01S3/1109 , H01S3/113
摘要： A modulated saturable absorber controlled laser. The laser includes an active medium; a saturable absorber material operationally coupled to the medium to serve as a passive Q switch; and an energy source disposed external to the medium for apply energy to the absorber. In particular embodiments, the energy source is a diode laser and focusing optics are included between the diode laser and the absorber. Modulation of the gain at the photon round trip time in the laser resonator causes a mode-locked laser output. A dichroic beamsplitter is included in this embodiment for directing energy to the absorber. In an alternative embodiment, the diode laser is a quasi-monolithic diode laser assembly ring.
摘要翻译： 调制可饱和吸收器受控激光器。 激光器包括活性介质; 可操作地耦合到介质以用作无源Q开关的可饱和吸收材料; 以及设置在介质外部以将能量施加到吸收器的能量源。 在特定实施例中，能量源是二极管激光器，并且聚焦光学器件包括在二极管激光器和吸收器之间。 在激光谐振器中调制光子往返时间的增益导致锁模激光输出。 本实施例中包括二向色分束器，用于将能量引导到吸收器。 在替代实施例中，二极管激光器是准单片二极管激光器组件环。
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2.发明授权Gain boost with synchronized multiple wavelength pumping in a solid-state laser 失效在固态激光器中同步多波长泵浦增益提升公开(公告)号：US07046710B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US10650446
申请日：2003-08-28
申请人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
发明人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
CPC分类号： H01S3/0941 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/025 , H01S3/042 , H01S3/0606 , H01S3/061 , H01S3/0612 , H01S3/08095 , H01S3/09403 , H01S3/094038 , H01S3/094084 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/113 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/1618 , H01S3/1643
摘要： A solid-state eye-safe laser and method with gain boost by dual-wavelength, synchronized pumplights. The laser includes a medium doped with ions that emit light at a laser wavelength as a result of the transition of electron energy from an upper energy level manifold to a lower energy level manifold. A first pumplight couples energy into the medium at a first wavelength that excites a first portion of the ions into said upper energy level manifold. A second pumplight couples energy into said medium at a second wavelength that excites a second portion of the ions to a third energy level manifold. A fraction of the ions relax to the upper energy level manifold and thereby increase the gain of the laser (2). The laser may be an erbium crystal laser, using yttrium-aluminum-garnet operating near 1640 nanometers. A second ion, such as ytterbium, may be diffused into the lasing medium, and an inter-ionic energy transfer employed to coupled the second pumplight energy to the upper level energy manifold of he laser transition.
摘要翻译： 一种固态眼睛安全激光器和双波长同步斩波器的增益提升方法。 激光器包括掺杂有离子的介质，其由于从上能量歧管向较低能级歧管转变的电子能量，激光波长发光。 第一泵浦将能量以第一波长耦合到介质中，该第一波长将离子的第一部分激发到所述上部能量级歧管中。 第二个光束将能量以第二波长耦合到所述介质中，该第二波长将离子的第二部分激发到第三能量级歧管。 一部分离子松弛到上能量歧管，从而增加激光器的增益（2）。 激光器可以是铒晶体激光器，使用在1640纳米附近操作的钇铝石榴石。 诸如镱的第二离子可以扩散到激光介质中，并且将离子间能量转移用于将第二次照明能量耦合到激光转换的上层能量歧管。
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公开(公告)号：US20050226280A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US10820613
申请日：2004-04-08
申请人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
发明人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
CPC分类号： H01S3/0627 , G02F1/0126 , G02F1/3523 , H01S3/0604 , H01S3/08054 , H01S3/106 , H01S3/1061 , H01S3/1109 , H01S3/113
摘要： A modulated saturable absorber controlled laser. The laser includes an active medium; a saturable absorber material operationally coupled to the medium to serve as a passive Q switch; and an energy source disposed external to the medium for apply energy to the absorber. In particular embodiments, the energy source is a diode laser and focusing optics are included between the diode laser and the absorber. Modulation of the gain at the photon round trip time in the laser resonator causes a mode-locked laser output. A dichroic beamsplitter is included in this embodiment for directing energy to the absorber. In an alternative embodiment, the diode laser is a quasi-monolithic diode laser assembly ring.
摘要翻译： 调制可饱和吸收器受控激光器。 激光器包括活性介质; 可操作地耦合到介质以用作无源Q开关的可饱和吸收材料; 以及设置在介质外部以将能量施加到吸收器的能量源。 在特定实施例中，能量源是二极管激光器，并且聚焦光学器件包括在二极管激光器和吸收器之间。 在激光谐振器中调制光子往返时间的增益导致锁模激光输出。 本实施例中包括二向色分束器，用于将能量引导到吸收器。 在替代实施例中，二极管激光器是准单片二极管激光器组件环。
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公开(公告)号：US06891878B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-10
申请号：US10429102
申请日：2003-05-01
申请人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
发明人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
CPC分类号： H01S3/113 , H01S3/0612 , H01S3/0627 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/0809 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/1611 , H01S3/1643
摘要： An inherently efficient direct eye-safe laser based on Er:Crystal technology utilizing intra-cavity energy conversion. The Er:Crystal laser is intra-cavity pumped by a highly efficient ytterbium or neodymium crystal laser, which is in-turn, pumped by conventional infrared diodes array bars. The laser is inherently compact and low-cost allowing for significant scaling of the output energy and power with greatly reduced number of required diode pump sources. This intra-cavity pump scheme of appropriate Er:Crystals also provides for efficient generation of ultra-short Q-switched pulse operation of such lasers.
摘要翻译： 基于利用腔内能量转换的Er：Crystal技术的固有效率的直接眼睛安全激光器。 铒：水晶激光器是通过高效率的镱或钕晶体激光器进行腔内泵浦，这是通过传统的红外线二极管阵列抽吸的。 激光器本质上紧凑，成本低廉，可大幅度减少所需二极管泵浦数量的输出能量和功率。 这种适当Er：晶体的腔内泵浦方案还提供了这种激光器的超短Q开关脉冲操作的有效产生。
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5.发明申请Gain boost with synchronized multiple wavelength pumping in a solid-state laser 失效在固态激光器中同步多波长泵浦增益提升公开(公告)号：US20050047466A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-03
申请号：US10650446
申请日：2003-08-28
申请人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
发明人： Kalin Spariosu , Milton Birnbaum
IPC分类号： H01S3/00 , H01S3/042 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/11 , H01S3/16 , H01S3/091
CPC分类号： H01S3/0941 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/025 , H01S3/042 , H01S3/0606 , H01S3/061 , H01S3/0612 , H01S3/08095 , H01S3/09403 , H01S3/094038 , H01S3/094084 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/113 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/1618 , H01S3/1643
摘要： A solid-state eye-safe laser and method with gain boost by dual-wavelength, synchronized pumplights. The laser includes a medium doped with ions that emit light at a laser wavelength as a result of the transition of electron energy from an upper energy level manifold to a lower energy level manifold. A first pumplight couples energy into the medium at a first wavelength that excites a first portion of the ions into said upper energy level manifold. A second pumplight couples energy into said medium at a second wavelength that excites a second portion of the ions to a third energy level manifold. A fraction of the ions relax to the upper energy level manifold and thereby increase the gain of the laser (2). The laser may be an erbium crystal laser, using yttrium-aluminum-garnet operating near 1640 nanometers. A second ion, such as ytterbium, may be diffused into the lasing medium, and an inter-ionic energy transfer employed to coupled the second pumplight energy to the upper level energy manifold of he laser transition.
摘要翻译： 一种固态眼睛安全激光器和双波长同步斩波器的增益提升方法。 激光器包括掺杂有离子的介质，其由于能量从上能量歧管向较低能级歧管的转变而发射激光波长的光。 第一泵浦将能量以第一波长耦合到介质中，该第一波长将离子的第一部分激发到所述上部能量级歧管中。 第二个光束将能量以第二波长耦合到所述介质中，该第二波长将离子的第二部分激发到第三能量级歧管。 一部分离子松弛到上能量歧管，从而增加激光器的增益（2）。 激光器可以是铒晶体激光器，使用在1640纳米附近操作的钇铝石榴石。 诸如镱的第二离子可以扩散到激光介质中，并且将离子间能量转移用于将第二次照明能量耦合到激光转换的上层能量歧管。
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公开(公告)号：US5724372A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-03
申请号：US590012
申请日：1996-01-22
CPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/113 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/1643 , H01S3/1698 , H01S3/175
摘要： A laser system includes a laser resonator cavity having a resonant path and an Er,Yb:glass lasing element with an output of from about 1.5 to about 1.6 micrometers within the laser resonator cavity. A diode array optically pumps the lasing element to emit light. A Q-switch lies along the resonant path within the laser resonator cavity. The Q-switch is formed of a host material having a concentration of uranium ions therein, so as to be a saturable absorber of the light emitted by the lasing element. The Q-switch is preferably a uranium-doped fluoride such as U:CaF.sub.2, U:SrF.sub.2, or U:BaF.sub.2.
摘要翻译： 激光系统包括具有谐振路径的激光谐振腔和在激光谐振腔内具有约1.5至约1.6微米的输出的Er，Yb：玻璃激光元件。 二极管阵列光学泵浦激光发光。 Q开关位于激光谐振腔内的谐振路径上。 Q开关由其中具有铀离子浓度的主体材料形成，以便是由激光元件发射的光的可饱和吸收体。 Q开关优选为铀掺杂的氟化物，例如U：CaF 2，U：SrF 2或U：BaF 2。
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7.发明授权Eyesafe laser system using transition metal-doped group II-VI semiconductor as a passive saturable absorber Q-switch 失效使用过渡金属掺杂组II-VI半导体作为无源可饱和吸收剂Q开关的眼睛安全激光系统
公开(公告)号：US5832008A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-03
申请号：US790350
申请日：1997-01-24
CPC分类号： H01S3/113 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/164
摘要： An eyesafe laser system includes a Q-switch crystal formed of a semiconductor host material having noncentrosymmetric tetrahedral substitutional sites doped with transition metal ions in concentrations from about 0.001 to about 0.10 atomic percent, which functions as to be a saturable absorber of light at eyesafe wavelengths with a relatively long relaxation lifetime. Co.sup.2+ :ZnSe has been demonstrated to have advantageously high absorption cross section and advantageously high relaxation lifetime at both 1.54 .mu.m (Er:glass laser) and 1.6 .mu.m (Er:YAG laser). Other candidate host materials include other zinc chalcogenides, cadmium chalcogenides and zinc oxide. The resultant Q-switch does not require additional focusing optics inside the cavity and has a saturation fluence which is approximately one order of magnitude less than other state of the art saturable absorbers in the "eyesafe" wavelength region, thereby permitting substantially faster Q-switch bleaching, lower thermal loads, and less potential for damage than was hitherto possible.
摘要翻译： 一种眼睛安全的激光系统包括由半导体主体材料形成的Q开关晶体，该半导体主体材料具有掺杂有约0.001至约0.10原子百分比浓度的过渡金属离子的非中心对称四面体取代位点，其功能是在眼睛安全波长处的可饱和吸收体 具有较长的松弛寿命。 已经证明Co2 +：ZnSe在1.54μm（Er：玻璃激光）和1.6μm（Er：YAG激光器）两者中具有有利的高吸收截面和有利的高弛豫寿命。 其他候选主体材料包括其他硫化锌，硫化镉和氧化锌。 所产生的Q开关不需要在腔内部附加的聚焦光学元件，并且具有比“眼睛”波长区域中的其它状态的可饱和吸收体大约一个数量级的饱和能量密度，从而允许基本上更快的Q开关 漂白，降低热负荷，并且损坏的可能性远低于迄今为止。
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公开(公告)号：US4669831A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US726872
申请日：1985-04-22
CPC分类号： G02F1/315
摘要： A total internal reflection modulator/deflector assembly for use with a focused beam of polarized incident laser light. The application of a low direct current voltage (e.g., less than 50 volts) to a pair of identical stacked crystals exhibiting the Pockel's effect produces an index of refraction difference at their interface. Since the index changes are small, the incidence angle of the impinging polarized laser light is large, e.g., 89 degrees. In the preferred embodiment, one crystal is rotated relative to the other, such that the applied electric field causes index changes of +.DELTA.n in one crystal and of -.DELTA.n in the other crystal. As a result, the impinging polarized laser light is divided into two portions, one of which is totally internal reflected, and transmitted in the desired modulated conditions. Two electrode members are used to apply the low direct current voltage to the interface of the crystals, with the electrodes arranged to face each other across the crystals and also positioned such that the incident light need not traverse them, the other portion is refracted.
摘要翻译： 全反射调制器/偏转器组件，用于聚焦偏振入射激光束。 将低直流电压（例如，小于50伏）施加到呈现Pockel效应的一对相同的堆叠晶体中，在其界面处产生折射率差。 由于折射率变化小，所以入射偏振激光的入射角大，例如89度。 在优选实施例中，一个晶体相对于另一个晶体旋转，使得所施加的电场在一个晶体中引起+ DELTA n的折射率变化，而在另一个晶体中引起-ΔTATAn的折射率变化。 结果，入射极化激光被分成两部分，其中之一是完全内部反射，并以所需的调制条件传输。 使用两个电极构件将低直流电压施加到晶体的界面，其中电极布置成跨越晶体彼此面对并且还定位成使得入射光不需要穿过它们，另一部分被折射。
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公开(公告)号：US5802083A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US570719
申请日：1995-12-11
申请人： Milton Birnbaum
发明人： Milton Birnbaum
CPC分类号： H01S3/113 , G02F1/3523 , H01S2302/00
摘要： A laser system includes a laser resonator cavity having a resonant axis and a lasing element within the laser resonator cavity. The lasing element emits, under stimulation, light at a wavelength of from about 1.6 to about 2.3 micrometers. There is a flash lamp, laser diodes or other pumping devices, which optically pump the lasing element to emit laser light. A Q-switch crystal lies along the resonant axis within the laser resonator cavity. The Q-switch crystal is formed of a host material having a concentration of Ho.sup.3+ ions therein, so as to be a saturable absorber of light of a wavelength of about 2.0-2.1 micrometers. The Q-switch crystal is preferably Ho.sup.3+ -doped yttriumlithium-fluoride, or Ho.sup.3+ -doped yttrium-vanadate. In another embodiment, the Q-switch crystal is preferably Cr.sup.2+ :fosterite (Mg.sub.2 SiO.sub.4).
摘要翻译： 激光系统包括在激光谐振腔内具有谐振轴和激光元件的激光谐振腔。 激光元件在刺激下以约1.6至约2.3微米的波长发射光。 有一个闪光灯，激光二极管或其他泵送装置，它们将激光元件光学泵浦以发射激光。 Q开关晶体位于激光谐振腔内的谐振轴上。 Q开关晶体由其中具有浓度为Ho 3+离子的主体材料形成，以便是波长约为2.0-2.1微米的可饱和吸收体。 Q开关晶体优选为Ho 3+掺杂的氟化钇锂或Ho 3+掺杂的钇钒酸盐。 在另一个实施方案中，Q开关晶体优选为Cr2 +：福斯特（Mg2SiO4）。
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公开(公告)号：US5654973A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-05
申请号：US330494
申请日：1995-05-05
摘要： A laser system includes a laser resonator cavity having a resonant axis and a lasing element within the laser resonator cavity. The lasing element emits, under stimulation, light at a wavelength of from about 0.95 to about 1.65 micrometers. There is a flash lamp which optically pumps the lasing element to emit light. A Q-switch crystal lies along the resonant axis within the laser resonator cavity. The Q-switch crystal is formed of a host material having a concentration of Co.sup.2+ ions therein, so as to be a saturable absorber of light of a wavelength of from about 0.95 to about 1.65 micrometers. The Q-switch crystal is preferably Co.sup.2+ -doped yttrium-scandium-gallium garnet or Co.sup.2+ -doped yttrium-aluminum garnet.
摘要翻译： 激光系统包括在激光谐振腔内具有谐振轴和激光元件的激光谐振腔。 激光元件在刺激下以约0.95至约1.65微米的波长发射光。 有一个闪光灯，它将激光元件光学泵浦发光。 Q开关晶体位于激光谐振腔内的谐振轴上。 Q开关晶体由其中具有浓度为Co 2+离子的主体材料形成，以便是波长为约0.95至约1.65微米的可饱和吸收体。 Q开关晶体优选为Co +掺杂钇 - 钪镓镓石榴石或Co +掺杂的钇 - 铝石榴石。
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