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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06189396B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US09119222
申请日：1998-07-20
申请人： Karl Barnreiter , Hans-Peter Fleischmann , Johann Markl , Hans-Jurgen Rudolph , Michael Genzel , Roger Pohlmann , Armin Gottschaller , Thomas Schmid , Werner Flierl
发明人： Karl Barnreiter , Hans-Peter Fleischmann , Johann Markl , Hans-Jurgen Rudolph , Michael Genzel , Roger Pohlmann , Armin Gottschaller , Thomas Schmid , Werner Flierl
IPC分类号： F16H5900
CPC分类号： F16H61/0009 , Y10T74/19251
摘要： The invention concerns a control arrangement for an automatic electrohydraulically controlled transmission. In order to reduce expenditure on parts and assembly, the hydraulic control system and electronic control system are mounted directly adjacent each other and plug-in connections are provided between the solenoid valves of the hydraulic control system and the electronic control system. The hydraulic control system (20) substantially comprises two duct panels (28,30) in which control ducts, piston slides and solenoid valves (not shown) are disposed for controlling the conical plates and couplings of the transmission. The pressurized hydraulic fluid is fed directly into these duct panels from the pump (29). The electronic control system (22) has a single central connection (36) which is secured in the transmission housing cover (42) by an annular seal. Rotational speed sensors for the transmission shafts and temperature and pressure sensors are integrated into the control unit.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于自动电液控传输的控制装置。 为了减少部件和组装的费用，液压控制系统和电子控制系统直接相邻安装，并且在液压控制系统的电磁阀和电子控制系统之间提供插入式连接。 液压控制系统（20）基本上包括两个管道面板（28,30），其中设置有控制管道，活塞滑道和电磁阀（未示出），用于控制变速器的锥形板和联接件。 加压液压流体从泵（29）直接供给到这些管道面板中。 电子控制系统（22）具有通过环形密封件固定在变速器壳体盖（42）中的单个中心连接件（36）。 用于传动轴和温度和压力传感器的转速传感器集成到控制单元中。
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公开(公告)号：US06205887B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09102144
申请日：1998-06-22
IPC分类号： F16H5702
CPC分类号： F16H61/0009 , F16H57/02 , Y10T74/19251 , Y10T74/2186
摘要： The present invention is related to an automatic transmission for a vehicle with an electrohydraulic control. More particularly, the hydraulic control unit and the electronic control unit are mounted adjacent relative to each other on a flange at an end of the transmission.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有电动液压控制的车辆的自动变速器。 更具体地，液压控制单元和电子控制单元相对于彼此相邻地安装在变速器端部的凸缘上。
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公开(公告)号：US6059682A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US10368
申请日：1998-01-21
CPC分类号： F16D25/123 , F16D13/72 , F16H57/0412 , F16H57/0426 , F16H57/0438 , F16H57/0473 , F16H57/0489
摘要： A change-speed transmission in the power train of a motor vehicle has a planetary gearing and coaxial radially inner and outer disc clutches, namely a direct clutch and a reverse clutch. At least that clutch which is engaged (i.e., in use) is cooled by a lubricant for the planetary gearing, and the flow of coolant to the clutches is regulated by the axially movable pressure plate of one of the clutches. A jet pump conveys lubricant from the sump in the transmission case into an axially extending channel of the input shaft of the transmission, and such channel forms part of a system of passages which supply coolant at least to that clutch which is then in use to transmit torque from the input shaft to an output element of the transmission.
摘要翻译： 机动车辆的动力传动系中的变速传动具有行星齿轮传动装置和同轴径向内外盘式离合器，即直接离合器和倒档离合器。 至少接合（即使用中）的离合器被用于行星齿轮的润滑剂冷却，并且通过其中一个离合器的可轴向移动的压力板来调节离合器的冷却剂流量。 喷射泵将润滑剂从变速器壳体中的油槽传送到变速器的输入轴的轴向延伸通道中，并且这种通道形成通道系统的一部分，该通道系统至少向该离合器供应冷却剂，该离合器然后用于传递 从输入轴到变速器的输出元件的转矩。
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公开(公告)号：US20080092686A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-24
申请号：US11793216
申请日：2005-12-08
申请人： Johann Markl
发明人： Johann Markl
CPC分类号： F16H59/70 , G01D5/145 , Y10T74/20006 , Y10T74/2003 , Y10T74/2014 , Y10T74/20177
摘要： The invention relates to a device for shifting changes in the transmission ratio of a vehicle transmission. Said device comprises at least one axially movable and/or rotatable shifting element and an electrical position identification of the shifting element. At least one magnet which generates position signals in combination with a stationary sensor is disposed on the shifting element. In order to create a device that is advantageous regarding production and design, the magnet is formed directly by a magnetic area on the shifting element.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于移动车辆变速器的变速比的变化的装置。 所述装置包括至少一个可轴向移动和/或可旋转的移动元件和移动元件的电位置识别。 至少一个与固定传感器组合产生位置信号的磁体设置在换档元件上。 为了产生对生产和设计有利的装置，磁体直接由移动元件上的磁区形成。
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公开(公告)号：US20070221425A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-27
申请号：US11727088
申请日：2007-03-23
IPC分类号： B60K17/34
CPC分类号： B60K23/04 , B60K17/3462 , B60K17/3465 , B60K17/35 , B60K23/0808
摘要： The invention relates to a propulsion system for all-wheel drive motor vehicles, having a device for propulsion distribution to the front and the rear differential which transmit the drive output to the wheels assigned at the time, and with a device for coupled, variable distribution of the propulsion forces in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the vehicle depending on the operating situation of the vehicle for influencing the driving behavior, especially for improving the driving agility and driving stability. In the process the rear differential (18) is combined with an overriding drive (22), by means of which the drive torques can be shifted to the rear wheels (20) in alternation in the transverse direction of the vehicle, the rpm ratio or rpm error being dictated by means of the overriding drive (22) at the design point so that at a given curve radius which is assigned to the design point and which does not correspond to the narrowest curve, a reversal of the direction of the rotational speed difference takes place and thus the torque is not shifted to the wheel on the outside of the curve. By means of the propulsion distribution device (24, 26; 44, 46; 52) the drive torques can be shifted in alternation between the front differential (14) and rear differential (18) in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于全轮驱动机动车辆的推进系统，其具有用于推进分配到前和后差速器的装置，该装置将驱动输出传递到当时分配的车轮，并且具有用于耦合的可变分配的装置 取决于车辆的运行状况，特别是为了提高驾驶敏捷性和行驶稳定性，车辆的横向和纵向方向上的推进力。 在该过程中，后差速器（18）与超控驱动器（22）组合，借助于此，驱动扭矩可以在车辆的横向方向上交替地移动到后轮（20），转速比或 rpm误差是由设计点上的超控驱动器（22）所规定的，使得在给定的设计点的给定曲线半径处，不符合最窄曲线的旋转速度的方向反转 发生差异，因此扭矩不会转移到曲线外侧的车轮上。 通过推进分配装置（24,26; 44,46; 52），驱动扭矩可以在车辆的纵向方向上在前差速器（14）和后差速器（18）之间交替地移动。
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公开(公告)号：US20060287154A1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-21
申请号：US10554444
申请日：2004-01-24
申请人： Johann Markl
发明人： Johann Markl
IPC分类号： F16H37/08
CPC分类号： B60K17/16 , B60K5/02 , B60K17/02 , F16H57/037 , F16H2057/02043
摘要： The invention relates to a drive unit for motor vehicles, comprising an internal combustion engine, a transmission which is mounted downstream therefrom and is provided with an integrated differential, and a separating clutch that is disposed between the internal combustion engine and the transmission. The differential is driven via a bevel wheel and a bevel-gear drive comprising a drive pinion on an output shaft of the transmission. In order to create a drive unit that is advantageous regarding structure and efficiency, the bevel wheel (48) of the differential (16) is placed laterally from the separating clutch (26) from a vertical perspective and partly protrudes (A) therefrom in an axial direction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的驱动单元，包括内燃机，安装在其下游并具有集成差速器的变速器以及设置在内燃机和变速器之间的分离离合器。 差速器通过一个斜齿轮和一个锥齿轮传动来驱动，该传动装置的输出轴上包括一个驱动小齿轮。 为了形成对于结构和效率有利的驱动单元，差速器（16）的斜齿轮（48）从垂直的角度从分离式离合器（26）侧向放置，并从其中部分地突出（A） 轴向。
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公开(公告)号：US08187131B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-29
申请号：US11727088
申请日：2007-03-23
IPC分类号： B62D11/06
CPC分类号： B60K23/04 , B60K17/3462 , B60K17/3465 , B60K17/35 , B60K23/0808
摘要： The invention relates to a propulsion system for all-wheel drive motor vehicles, having a device for propulsion distribution to the front and the rear differential which transmit the drive output to the wheels assigned at the time, and with a device for coupled, variable distribution of the propulsion forces in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the vehicle depending on the operating situation of the vehicle for influencing the driving behavior, especially for improving the driving agility and driving stability. In the process the rear differential is combined with an overriding drive, by means of which the drive torques can be shifted to the rear wheels in alternation in the transverse direction of the vehicle, the rpm ratio or rpm error being dictated by means of the overriding drive at the design point so that at a given curve radius which is assigned to the design point and which does not correspond to the narrowest curve, a reversal of the direction of the rotational speed difference takes place and thus the torque is not shifted to the wheel on the outside of the curve. By means of the propulsion distribution device the drive torques can be shifted in alternation between the front differential and rear differential in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于全轮驱动机动车辆的推进系统，其具有用于推进分配到前和后差速器的装置，该装置将驱动输出传递到当时分配的车轮，并且具有用于耦合的可变分配的装置 取决于车辆的运行状况，特别是为了提高驾驶敏捷性和行驶稳定性，车辆的横向和纵向方向上的推进力。 在该过程中，后差速器与超控驱动器组合，通过该驱动，驱动扭矩可以在车辆的横向方向上交替地移动到后轮，转速比或rpm误差由超控 在设计点处驱动，使得在给定的设计点的给定曲线半径处并且不对应于最窄的曲线，发生转速差异的方向的反转，因此转矩不转移到 车轮在曲线的外侧。 通过推进分配装置，驱动扭矩可以在车辆的纵向方向上的前差速器和后差速器之间交替地移动。
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公开(公告)号：US07677349B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-16
申请号：US10554444
申请日：2004-01-24
申请人： Johann Markl
发明人： Johann Markl
IPC分类号： B60K17/342
CPC分类号： B60K17/16 , B60K5/02 , B60K17/02 , F16H57/037 , F16H2057/02043
摘要： The invention relates to a drive unit for motor vehicles, comprising an internal combustion engine, a transmission which is mounted downstream therefrom and is provided with an integrated differential, and a separating clutch that is disposed between the internal combustion engine and the transmission. The differential is driven via a bevel wheel and a bevel-gear drive comprising a drive pinion on an output shaft of the transmission. In order to create a drive unit that is advantageous regarding structure and efficiency, the bevel wheel (48) of the differential (16) is placed laterally from the separating clutch (26) from a vertical perspective and partly protrudes (A) therefrom in an axial direction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的驱动单元，包括内燃机，安装在其下游并具有集成差速器的变速器以及设置在内燃机与变速器之间的分离离合器。 差速器通过一个斜齿轮和一个锥齿轮传动来驱动，该传动装置的输出轴上包括一个驱动小齿轮。 为了形成对于结构和效率有利的驱动单元，差速器（16）的斜齿轮（48）从垂直的角度从分离式离合器（26）侧向放置，并从其中部分地突出（A） 轴向。
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公开(公告)号：US20090062066A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US12167144
申请日：2008-07-02
IPC分类号： B60K17/04
CPC分类号： B60K17/08 , B60K5/02 , Y10T477/619
摘要： Power train for a motor vehicle, having an engine with a driven shaft which has a crankshaft axle which is located longitudinally to the direction of travel and which is connected to a starting unit, a preliminary gear stage with an input shaft and an output shaft, the input shaft of the preliminary gear stage being connected to the starting unit and the output shaft of the preliminary gear stage having a lateral offset to the crankshaft axle, a variator which is preferably made as a disk variator with two adjustable disk sets for the continuous transmission of torque, and for which the input-side disk set is connected to the output shaft of the preliminary gear stage, while the output-side disk set is located laterally offset, a subsequent gear stage which has an input shaft and an output shaft and which is located on the same side of the variator as the preliminary gear stage, the input shaft of the subsequent gear stage being connected to the output-side disk set of the variator, and a first differential with a lateral driven shaft which is located transversely to the direction of travel and between the engine and the starting unit, and forms a first drive axle, the first differential being connected to the output shaft of the subsequent gear stage.
摘要翻译： 具有机动车辆的动力传动系，具有从动轴的发动机，所述从动轴具有沿着行进方向纵向定位并连接到起动单元的曲轴轴，具有输入轴和输出轴的预备齿轮级， 初级齿轮级的输入轴连接到起动单元，并且预备齿轮级的输出轴具有到曲轴轴的横向偏移，变速器优选地被制成具有两个用于连续的可调节盘组的盘式换档器 在输出侧盘组侧向偏移的同时，输入侧盘组与预备档的输出轴连接的转矩传递，后续的齿轮级具有输入轴和输出轴 并且位于变速器的与预备档位相同的一侧，后续齿轮级的输入轴连接到变速器的输出侧盘组， d是具有横向从动轴的第一差速器，横向从动轴横向于行进方向并且位于发动机和起动单元之间，并且形成第一驱动轴，第一差速器连接到后续齿轮级的输出轴。
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10.发明授权Hair shaping method using acidic aqueous intermediate rinse to prevent overcurling 有权使用酸性水性中间体冲洗的头发成型方法以防止过度发生公开(公告)号：US06173717B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09355655
申请日：1999-08-02
申请人： Dieter Schonert , Beate Dannecker , G{umlaut over (u)}nther Lang , Dieter Hoch , Wilfried K. Kalbacher , Johann Markl
发明人： Dieter Schonert , Beate Dannecker , G{umlaut over (u)}nther Lang , Dieter Hoch , Wilfried K. Kalbacher , Johann Markl
IPC分类号： A45D704
摘要： Methods of permanent shaping and volumizing hair that are gentle and prevent overcurling are described. In one method using curlers to curl the hair, an alkaline permanent shaping composition having a pH of 7.6 to 11 and including a hair keratin-reducing substance is applied to the hair and allowed to act on the hair for 5 to 30 minutes at room temperature or for 2 to 20 minutes at an elevated temperature. Then the hair is optionally rinsed with water and subsequently with an acidic aqueous intermediate rinse, which has a pH of 2 to 6.5 and includes an aliphatic organic acid. Next the hair is wound onto curlers, after which the hair is allowed to rest for 30 minutes at room temperature or 20 minutes at an elevated temperature. After the resting period the hair is treated with an oxidant-based fixative, which can be a solution of hydrogen peroxide, and the curlers are removed. The hair is subsequently rinsed with water or washed with a shampoo to remove the fixative and combed into a hair style. For methods of uncurling hair the method is similar, but the step of winding on curlers is replaced by a step of combing the hair out and the acidic aqueous intermediate treating agent is in the form of a gel, cream or paste.
摘要翻译： 描述了柔和和防止过度发生的永久成形和膨胀的头发的方法。 在使用卷发器卷曲头发的一种方法中，将一种具有7.6至11的pH并含有毛发角蛋白降低物质的碱性永久性成形组合物施加到头发上并使其在室温下作用于头发上5至30分钟 或在升高的温度下进行2至20分钟。 然后任选地用水冲洗毛发，随后用pH为2至6.5的酸性水性中间体漂洗液漂洗并包含脂族有机酸。 接下来，将头发缠绕在卷发夹上，然后将毛发在室温下静置30分钟或在高温下静置20分钟。 在静息期后，用可以是过氧化氢溶液的基于氧化剂的固定剂处理毛发，并且除去卷发器。 随后用水冲洗头发，或用洗发剂洗涤以除去固定剂，并梳理成发型。 对于头发松弛的方法，该方法类似，但是缠绕在卷发夹上的步骤被梳理头发的步骤代替，而酸性水性中间体处理剂是凝胶，奶油或糊状物的形式。
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