摘要:
The invention relates to a composite membrane with a separation-active membrane layer and a supporting membrane, a process for the production of the same, and a process for using the same. The composite membrane according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the separation-active membrane layer comprises a polymer hardened by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams. The process according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that a layer of a solution of a polymer that can be hardened by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams and an initiator substance is applied to a supporting membrane and subsequently is hardened by electromagnetic radiation and/or by electron beams. The use according to the invention serves to retain low-molecular substances from organic solutions.
摘要:
The invention relates to a composite with a separation-active membrane layer and a supporting membrane, a process for the production of the same and a process for using the same. The composite membrane according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the separation-active membrane layer comprises a polymer hardened by electromagnetic radiation with wave length that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams. The process according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that a layer of a solution of a polymer that can be hardened by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams and an initiator substance is applied to a supporting membrane and subsequently is hardened by electromagnetic radiation and/or by electron beams. The use according to the invention serves to retain low molecular weight substances from organic solutions.
摘要:
The invention relates to a membrane for the separation of material mixtures by the principle of vapor permeation or pervaporation, in particular for the dewatering of organic solvents, comprising at least one support layer and at least one material-selective separation layer located thereon, and a method for production of such a membrane. The material-selective separating layer is made from polyvinyl alcohol, containing at least one metallic element and/or a derivative thereof. The method includes the addition of polyvinyl alcohol to a solvent, adding an organometallic compound to the solvent/polyvinyl alcohol mixture, and then applying the solvent/polyvinyl alcohol/organometallic compound mixture to the support layer as the material-selective separating layer.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for producing a polymer membrane, the polymer membrane being produced from a solution, in particular a casting solution, comprising at least one first polymer. The invention further relates to a polymer membrane. The process of the invention is distinguished by the fact that a water-soluble second polymer and/or oligomer that forms phases in the solution is part of the solution. The polymer membrane of the invention, preferably produced by the process of the invention, has an oil flow rate, in particular of a refined edible oil, of greater than 200 l/m2 h bar at 60° C.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for producing a polymer membrane, the polymer membrane being produced from a solution, in particular a casting solution, comprising at least one first polymer. The invention further relates to a polymer membrane. The process of the invention is distinguished by the fact that a water-soluble second polymer and/or oligomer that forms phases in the solution is part of the solution. The polymer membrane of the invention, preferably produced by the process of the invention, has an oil flow rate, in particular of a refined edible oil, of greater than 200 l/m2 h bar at 60° c.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种生产聚合物膜的方法,该聚合物膜由包含至少一种第一聚合物的溶液,特别是浇铸溶液制备。 本发明还涉及聚合物膜。 本发明的方法的特征在于在溶液中形成相的水溶性第二聚合物和/或低聚物是溶液的一部分。 优选通过本发明的方法制备的本发明的聚合物膜具有在60°时大于200l / m 2 bar的油流速,特别是精制食用油 C。
摘要:
The invention relates to a membrane for the separation of material mixtures by the principle of vapor permeation or pervaporation, in particular for the dewatering of organic solvents, comprising at least one support layer and at least one material-selective separation layer located thereon, and a method for production of such a membrane. The material-selective separating layer is made from polyvinyl alcohol, containing at least one metallic element and/or a derivative thereof. The method includes the addition of polyvinyl alcohol to a solvent, adding an organometallic compound to the solvent/polyvinyl alcohol mixture, and then applying the solvent/polyvinyl alcohol/organometallic compound mixture to the support layer as the material-selective separating layer.
摘要:
A catalyst is produced by bonding a homogeneous catalyst to the surface of a catalyst support. A catalyst may include a catalyst support, a spacer molecule bonded to the catalyst support, and a homogeneous catalyst bonded to the spacer molecule. A catalyzed reaction can be carried out by providing reactants in a first phase and providing a catalyst as described herein in the first phase.
摘要:
A process for producing polyurethane rigid foams comprises reacting a) organic polyisocyanates b) relatively high molecular weight compounds containing at least two respective hydrogen atoms and, if desired, c) low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinkers in the presence of d) blowing agents e) catalysts and, if desired, f) auxiliaries and additives, wherein the relatively high molecular weight compounds containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms comprise a mixture of a1) one or more high-functional, polyether alcohols having functionalities of from 6 to 8 and mean equivalent masses of from 125 to 200, a2) one or more polyether alcohols based on aliphatic amines having functionalities of from 3 to 4 and mean equivalent masses of from 70 to 130, a3) one or more low-functional polyether alcohols having functionalities of from 2 to 3 and mean equivalent masses of from 67 to 250, and a4) an OH-containing fatty acid ester.
摘要:
A catalyst is produced by bonding a homogeneous catalyst to the surface of a catalyst support. A catalyst may include a catalyst support, a spacer molecule bonded to the catalyst support, and a homogeneous catalyst bonded to the spacer molecule. A catalyzed reaction can be carried out by providing reactants in a first phase and providing a catalyst as described herein in the first phase.