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1.发明授权Low cost asic architecture for safety critical applications monitoring an applied stimulus 有权用于监控应用刺激的安全关键应用的低成本asic架构公开(公告)号：US06765391B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US10277797
申请日：2002-10-22
IPC分类号： G01R2702
CPC分类号： G01R17/10
摘要： An ASIC (14, 14′, 14″) conditions two independent outputs (VINM, VINP) of a full Wheatstone piezoresistive bridge (12) in separate conditioning paths. Each path is provided with a bridge supply voltage (VHB1, VHB2) which can serve as a temperature related input signal to respective offset and gain compensation control circuits. The half bridge outputs are inputted to respective amplifiers (U1, U2) along with a selected percentage of the temperature dependent bridge supply voltage. The outputs of the amplifiers provide a signal proportional to respective half bridge output voltage. In one embodiment, the output of the amplifier (U2) in one conditioning path of one half bridge is connected to the input of an amplifier (U4) in the other conditioning path to provide a signal in the one path proportional to the Wheatstone bridge differential output voltage and in the other path a signal proportional to the Wheatstone half bridge output voltage. In another embodiment, the temperature dependent bridge supply voltage is multiplexed for a selected time upon power-up to an amplifier (U5) which normally receives an input from one of the bridge outputs.
摘要翻译： 在独立的调节路径中，ASIC（14,14'，14“）在完整的惠斯登压阻电桥（12）处理两个独立的输出（VINM，VINP）。 每个路径都有一个桥接电源电压（VHB1，VHB2），它可以作为相关偏移和增益补偿控制电路的温度相关输入信号。 半桥输出与温度依赖电桥电源电压的选定百分比一起输入到相应的放大器（U1，U2）。 放大器的输出提供与各个半桥输出电压成比例的信号。 在一个实施例中，在一个半桥的一个调节路径中的放大器（U2）的输出连接到另一个调节路径中的放大器（U4）的输入，以在与惠斯通电桥差分成比例的一个路径中提供信号 输出电压和另一路径上的信号成比例的惠斯通半桥输出电压。 在另一个实施例中，在上电至通常从桥接输出之一接收输入的放大器（U5）时，依赖于温度的电桥电压被复用一段选定的时间。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for in-range fault detection of condition responsive sensor 有权状态响应传感器的范围内故障检测方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06433554B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09468260
申请日：1999-12-20
IPC分类号： G01R3100
摘要： An in-range fault detection system for a full wheatstone bridge element (12) having piezoresistive elements (R1, R2, R3, R4) has bridge outputs (INP, INM) connected to measuring means in the form of a first circuit portion (13) to provide a common mode voltage (VCM). A second circuit portion (14) is used to provide a centering voltage (C*VBRG) equal to the common mode voltage at the time of sensor calibration and a third circuit portion (15) is used to provide a small window voltage (W*VBRG) which is a fraction of bridge voltage. The value (W*VBRG) is subtracted from (C*VBRG) at a first summing circuit (SUM1) and added to (C*VBRG) at a second summing circuit (SUM2) and the results are each compared to the common mode voltage by comparators (Q1, Q2) which are then determined to be within or without a window of valid values by an OR gate (Q3).
摘要翻译： 具有压阻元件（R1，R2，R3，R4）的全惠斯登电桥元件（12）的范围内故障检测系统具有连接到第一电路部分（13）形式的测量装置的桥接输出（INP，INM） ）以提供共模电压（VCM）。 第二电路部分（14）用于在传感器校准时提供等于共模电压的定心电压（C * VBRG），并且第三电路部分（15）用于提供小窗口电压（W * VBRG），这是桥电压的一小部分。 在第一求和电路（SUM1）从（C * VBRG）中减去值（W * VBRG），并在第二求和电路（SUM2）将其加到（C * VBRG），并将结果与共模电压 通过比较器（Q1，Q2），然后通过OR门（Q3）将其确定为在或不具有有效值的窗口内。
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公开(公告)号：US5824902A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US723434
申请日：1996-09-30
申请人： David L. Corkum , June Park , Keith W. Kawate
发明人： David L. Corkum , June Park , Keith W. Kawate
IPC分类号： G01P1/02 , G01P15/125
CPC分类号： G01P1/023 , G01P15/125
摘要： A first embodiment of a condition responsive capacitive transducer, such as an accelerometer (1), is shown in which an electrically conductive sensor element (14) is sandwiched between upper (10) and lower (12) electrically insulative planar substrates and mounted in sealed, spaced apart relation by patterns (16) of adhesive containing spacing elements. A second embodiment (100) includes a signal conditioning capacitor having plate portions (114r, 120b and 114s, 120c) on either side of a condition responsive capacitor to minimize errors caused by translational movement of the sensor element (114) relative to the substrates (110, 112). Circuit conditioning electronics (124) is shown mounted directly on one of the substrates (110) and the sensor is mountable directly on a circuit board. A third embodiment (200) shows differential capacitors (224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234) for minimizing errors due to misalignment of the movable element (114) with respect to the fixed supports (210, 212). Another embodiment provides a material system for use in condition responsive capacitive transducers having refractory metal for a sensing element and glass material for a supporting substrate.
摘要翻译： 示出了诸如加速度计（1）的状态响应电容换能器的第一实施例，其中导电传感器元件（14）夹在上（10）和下（12）电绝缘平面基板之间并且被安装在密封 ，通过包含间隔元件的粘合剂的图案（16）间隔开关系。 第二实施例（100）包括信号调理电容器，其在状态响应电容器的任一侧具有板部分（114r，120b和114s，120c），以最小化由传感器元件（114）相对于基板的平移运动引起的误差 110,112）。 示出了电路调节电子设备（124）直接安装在一个基板（110）上，并且传感器可直接安装在电路板上。 第三实施例（200）示出了用于最小化由于可移动元件（114）相对于固定支撑件（210,212）的未对准而引起的误差的差分电容器（224,226,228,230,232,234）。 另一个实施例提供了一种材料系统，用于在具有用于传感元件的难熔金属和支撑衬底的玻璃材料的状态响应电容式换能器中使用。
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公开(公告)号：US5536980A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-16
申请号：US978557
申请日：1992-11-19
CPC分类号： H01H9/547 , H01H2009/544 , H01H2085/0283 , H01H85/46 , H01H9/542 , Y10T307/766 , Y10T307/878
摘要： A high voltage, high current DC switch is shown having a single pole, double throw relay and a solid state power switch such as an IGBT or MOSFET transistor. Voltage is switched by means of the solid state switch while steady state current is conducted through the relay load contact. Several different protector devices are used in the event of circuit malfunction including a combination of thermal and current fuses and resettable thermostats.
摘要翻译： 示出了具有单极，双掷继电器和诸如IGBT或MOSFET晶体管的固态电源开关的高电压，高电流DC开关。 当稳态电流通过继电器负载触点传导时，电压通过固态开关切换。 在电路故障的情况下，使用几种不同的保护装置，包括热保险丝和电流保险丝以及可复位的恒温器的组合。
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公开(公告)号：US5497072A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-05
申请号：US398248
申请日：1995-03-03
IPC分类号： H02H3/093 , H03K17/08 , H03K17/082 , H03K17/16 , G05F1/575
CPC分类号： H03K17/166 , H02H3/093 , H03K17/0822 , H03K2017/0806
摘要： A solid state power controller for switching power on and off to an electrical load which also serves as a circuit protection device protecting the load and/or the wire connected between the load output terminal of the controller and ground from thermal damage due to current overload is shown. When a current overload exists the controller interrupts current to the load in a time inversely proportional to the square of the magnitude of the overload as shown in a trip time vs load current curve. The controller also limits the load current to a selected maximum level by controlling the drain-source resistance of power MOSFETs used for switching the power. A secondary interrupt is provided in the event that the junction temperature of the MOSFETs has risen a selected maximum level. A thermal memory feature is included for both interrupt signals. The controller is controlled by a single on/off input line and provides both a status and trip output line to indicate its state. The status can be configured to monitor load voltage or load current flow as desired. The controller also can be configured to default to either an on or off state in the event the input line is disconnected.
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公开(公告)号：US20130009483A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-10
申请号：US13482911
申请日：2012-05-29
申请人： Keith W. Kawate , Christopher E. Pinette , John R. Wezowicz , Thomas R. Maher , Michael B. Rose
发明人： Keith W. Kawate , Christopher E. Pinette , John R. Wezowicz , Thomas R. Maher , Michael B. Rose
IPC分类号： H02J1/06
CPC分类号： H02J13/0003 , H01L31/02021 , H02H7/20 , H02J3/383 , H02J7/35 , H02S50/10 , Y02E10/563 , Y02E10/566 , Y02E40/72 , Y04S10/123 , Y10T307/685
摘要： A remote resource can be configured to control connectivity of the power generator modules in a string. For example, a respective power generator module can include a current sense circuit that monitors for presence of communication signal. The power generator module can monitor for a presence of a remotely generated control signal over power line that is used by the respective power generator module to convey power to the external load. If the control signal is present on the power line, as generated by the remote resource, the control circuit in the respective power generator module activates the switch to an ON state such that respective activated power generator module is connected in series with the other activated power generator modules. If no keep-alive control signal is detected within a timeout period, the controller deactivates the respective power generator module.
摘要翻译： 远程资源可以配置为控制字符串中发电机模块的连接。 例如，相应的发电机模块可以包括监视通信信号的存在的电流检测电路。 发电机模块可以通过电力线监视远程生成的控制信号的存在，该功率管由相应的发电机模块用于向外部负载传送电力。 如果由远程资源产生的电力线路上存在控制信号，则各个发电机模块中的控制电路将开关激活到接通状态，使得相应的激活的发电机模块与另一个激活的功率串联 发电机模块。 如果在超时时间内没有检测到保持控制信号，则控制器使相应的发电机模块停用。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for providing improved temperature compensated output for variable differential transformer system 失效为可变差动变压器系统提供改进的温度补偿输出的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5767670A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-16
申请号：US705491
申请日：1996-08-29
申请人： Thomas R. Maher , Keith W. Kawate
发明人： Thomas R. Maher , Keith W. Kawate
CPC分类号： G01D3/028 , G01D5/2291
摘要： A variable differential transformer system (10), both linear and rotary (L/RVDT) includes a primary coil (12) drive by a primary drive (20) having a triangle wave generator whose frequency is set by an external frequency control (R.sub.osc and C.sub.osc) which provides compensation for gain temperature error. Secondary coils (14, 16) have a common connection for balanced loading with an input stage arrangement (R7, R8, R9, R10) providing low common mode range and a way to differentiate between normal operation and coil faults detected by a fault detection network (28). Synchronous demodulation (22) extracts both magnitude and direction from the secondary coil signals. Electronic calibration (24) compensates for sensor offset and adjust circuit gain by adding a percentage of the synchronous demodulation reference waveform to the secondary differential voltage. A filter network (26) averages the synchronous demodulated signal in order to extract the DC component of the waveform which is amplified (30) to provide drive current to interface with external loads. A variable rotary core assembly (18) and a variable linear core assembly (18') are shown which allow axial adjustment of the core relative to the coils to provide balancing of the out-of-phase component of the secondary voltage waveform to provide offset temperature error compensation without significantly affecting the in-phase component of the secondary waveform.
摘要翻译： 线性和旋转式（L / RVDT）的可变差动变压器系统（10）包括由具有三角波发生器的主驱动器（20）驱动的初级线圈（12），其频率由外部频率控制（Rosc和 Cosc），为增益温度误差提供补偿。 二次线圈（14,16）具有用于平衡负载的共同连接，具有提供低共模范围的输入级布置（R7，R8，R9，R10）和区分由故障检测网络检测到的正常操作和线圈故障的方式 （28）。 同步解调（22）从次级线圈信号中提取幅度和方向。 电子校准（24）通过将同步解调参考波形的百分比加到二次差分电压来补偿传感器偏移并调整电路增益。 滤波器网络（26）对同步解调信号进行平均，以提取被放大（30）的波形的DC分量，以提供与外部负载接口的驱动电流。 示出了可变旋转芯组件（18）和可变线性芯组件（18'），其允许芯相对于线圈的轴向调节，以提供次级电压波形的异相分量的平衡，以提供偏移 温度误差补偿，而不会显着影响次级波形的同相分量。
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公开(公告)号：US5444590A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-22
申请号：US985411
申请日：1992-12-04
IPC分类号： H02H3/093 , H03K17/08 , H03K17/082 , H03K17/16 , H02H7/10
CPC分类号： H03K17/166 , H02H3/093 , H03K17/0822 , H03K2017/0806
摘要： A solid state power controller for switching power on and off to an electrical load which also serves as a circuit protection device protecting the load and/or the wire connected between the load output terminal of the controller and ground from thermal damage due to current overload is shown. When a current overload exists the controller interrupts current to the load in a time inversely proportional to the square of the magnitude of the overload as shown in a trip time vs load current curve. The controller also limits the load current to a selected maximum level by controlling the drain-source resistance of power MOSFETs used for switching the power. A secondary interrupt is provided in the event that the junction temperature of the MOSFETs has risen a selected maximum level. A thermal memory feature is included for both interrupt signals. The controller is controlled by a single on/off input line and provides both a status and trip output line to indicate its state. The status can be configured to monitor load voltage or load current flow as desired. The controller also can be configured to default to either an on or off state in the event the input line is disconnected.
摘要翻译： 一种固态电源控制器，用于将电源开关切换到电负载，该电负载也用作保护负载和/或连接在控制器的负载输出端子与地之间的电线免受电流过载导致的热损伤的电路保护装置， 显示。 当存在电流过载时，控制器将在与负载电流曲线所示的过载幅度的平方成反比的时间内中断负载电流。 控制器还通过控制用于切换电源的功率MOSFET的漏极 - 源极电阻将负载电流限制到所选的最大电平。 在MOSFET的结温上升到所选择的最大电平的情况下，提供二次中断。 两个中断信号都包含一个热存储器功能。 控制器由单个开/关输入线控制，并提供状态和跳闸输出线以指示其状态。 该状态可以配置为根据需要监视负载电压或负载电流。 在输入线断开的情况下，控制器也可以配置为默认为开或关状态。
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公开(公告)号：US5723915A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-03
申请号：US985406
申请日：1992-12-04
IPC分类号： H02H3/093 , H03K17/08 , H03K17/082 , H03K17/16 , H04H3/08
CPC分类号： H03K17/166 , H02H3/093 , H03K17/0822 , H03K2017/0806 , Y10T307/406 , Y10T307/865
摘要： A solid state power controller for switching power on and off to an electrical load which also serves as a circuit protection device protecting the load and/or the wire connected between the load output terminal of the controller and ground from thermal damage due to current overload is shown. When a current overload exists the controller interrupts current to the load in a time inversely proportional to the square of the magnitude of the overload as shown in a trip time vs load current curve. The controller also limits the load current to a selected maximum level by controlling the drain-source resistance of power MOSFETs used for switching the power. A secondary interrupt is provided in the event that the junction temperature of the MOSFETs has risen a selected maximum level. A thermal memory feature is included for both interrupt signals. The controller is controlled by a single on/off input line and provides both a status and trip output line to indicate its state. The status can be configured to monitor load voltage or load current flow as desired. The controller also can be configured to default to either an on or off state in the event the input line is disconnected.
摘要翻译： 一种固态电源控制器，用于将电源开关切换到电负载，该电负载也用作保护负载和/或连接在控制器的负载输出端子与地之间的电线免受电流过载导致的热损伤的电路保护装置， 显示。 当存在电流过载时，控制器将在与负载电流曲线所示的过载幅度的平方成反比的时间内中断负载电流。 控制器还通过控制用于切换电源的功率MOSFET的漏极 - 源极电阻将负载电流限制到所选的最大电平。 在MOSFET的结温上升到所选择的最大电平的情况下，提供二次中断。 两个中断信号都包含一个热存储器功能。 控制器由单个开/关输入线控制，并提供状态和跳闸输出线以指示其状态。 该状态可以配置为根据需要监视负载电压或负载电流。 在输入线断开的情况下，控制器也可以配置为默认为开或关状态。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5068589A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-26
申请号：US342054
申请日：1989-04-24
CPC分类号： H02J7/1438 , B60L1/02 , Y10T307/289
摘要： A supplementary heating system particularly suitable for an automotive vehicle comprises a step down transformer coupled to the stator windings of the vehicle's alternator and a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of resistivity heater electrically connected intermediate the stator windings and the transformer in parallel with the transformer. Due to the presence of the transformer the voltage regulator causes the alternator to operate at a higher than customary voltage to provide the conventional 14.4 volts for the vehicle's normal electrical loads with the high voltage used to energize the heater. The heater can be in the form of a so-called "honeycomb" having a plurality of parallely extending passages or cells disposed in the air stream going from the main heater into the passenger compartment and can be either a multiphase, single phase or direct current type. In one embodiment the transformer is switched into and out of electrical the transformer is alternator dependent on the energization of the heater, while in another embodiment the transformer is always electrically coupled to the alternator with the heater switched into and out of the circuit as desired.
摘要翻译： 特别适合于机动车辆的辅助加热系统包括耦合到车辆交流发电机的定子绕组的降压变压器和与变压器并联的定子绕组和变压器之间电连接的电阻率加热器的正温度系数（PTC）。 由于变压器的存在，电压调节器使得交流发电机以高于常规电压运行，以为车辆的正常电负载提供常规的14.4伏特，其中用于为加热器通电的高电压。 加热器可以是所谓的“蜂窝体”的形式，其具有多个平行延伸的通道或细胞，其设置在从主加热器进入乘客舱的气流中，并且可以是多相，单相或直流 类型。 在一个实施例中，变压器被切换到电力中，变压器是交流发电机，取决于加热器的通电，而在另一个实施例中，变压器总是电耦合到交流发电机，而加热器根据需要切换进出电路。
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