摘要:
A system and method for automatically controlling a vehicle speed to a desired cruising speed in which after a vehicular engine is set in an acceleration state for the vehicle through an actuator under an acceleration control of the vehicle speed in response to a command operation of an acceleration switch, the vehicular engine is set so that the vehicle speed is reduced and arrives at a set cruising speed at a time of a reset of the command operation of the acceleration switch. At this time, in the vehicle speed controlling system and method, a duration in which the vehicle speed is one abruptly reduced is calculated on the basis of a control duration for which the vehicle speed is in the acceleration state under the acceleration control so that the vehicle speed is smoothly reduced and reaches the set cruising speed. The acceleration state of the vehicle speed is such that the actuator actuates a throttle valve to angularly displace toward an open direction so that the rate of increase in the vehicle speed with respect to time (i.e., acceleration value) is increased to match with a predetermined rate.
摘要:
A system and method for automatically controlling a vehicle speed to a desired cruising speed in which a transfer point at which control of the vehicle speed is transferred from that carried out by returning the vehicle speed to the cruising speed set through an operation of a set switch at a controllable acceleration in the vehicle speed to that carried out by controlling the vehicle speed so that the vehicle speed coincides with the set cruising speed is determined on the basis of a sum of an acceleration value multiplied by a constant and speed difference from the actual vehicle speed to set cruising speed. Consequently, an overshooting of the vehicle speed does not occur when the vehicle speed is returned toward and finally settles at the set cruising speed.
摘要:
A system and method for automatically controlling a vehicle speed to a desired cruising speed are disclosed in which an abrupt deceleration time for which the vehicle is abruptly decelerated to the vehicle speed at a time when an off operation of an acceleration switch in a cruise command switch group is carried out after an on operation of the acceleration switch to carry out a constant deceleration of the vehicle is calculated from the total duration of time for which the actuator is controlled so that the vehicle speed increases at a constant rate. Therefore, no need to adjust the abrupt deceleration time according to the individual vehicles in which the systems are mounted. In addition, since the actuator is rendered in the abrupt deceleration state within the appropriate duration of time, road conditions, or a speed range in which the vehicle cruises does not affect the performance of the system. Furthermore, since when the total duration of time is above a first predetermined value and the magnitude of the acceleration is below a second predetermined value, the actuator is not actuated so that an undershooting of the vehicle speed does not occur immediately when the acceleration switch of the system is turned off after the on operation of the switch.
摘要:
A system and method for automatically controlling a vehicle speed to a desired cruising speed in which, when a given operation of the set switch (turn off after turn on of the set switch) is carried out, control constants used in a control equation expressed as (K.times..alpha.+.epsilon.).times.G in accordance with which the vehicle speed is controlled so as to coincide with a stored vehicle speed, are changed from those used when the vehicle is cruisingly run at the stored vehicle speed. The stored vehicle speed is the vehicle speed stored when the given operation of the set switch is carried out. Therefore, the vehicle speed speedily converges the stored vehicle speed with an overshoot of the vehicle speed at such a transient state suppressed to a minimum regardless of vehicle models, environmental factors, and adjustment state of a control wire connected between an actuator and throttle valve.
摘要:
In an optical transmission system using an RZ code, in order to improve the quality of the modulated transmission signal, an RZ optical modulator includes an RZ carver that outputs a optical pulse train of the RZ code, a polarization adjustment device which improves and outputs a polarization extinction ratio of optical pulse train outputted from the RZ carver and an optical modulator which modulates and outputs the optical pulse train outputted from a polarization adjustment device.
摘要:
A specimen rack can be used for specimen containers irrespective of kinds thereof and irrespective of whether or not the specimen containers are rotated. An adapter is used for an automatic analyzer and a specimen pre-processing device and is adapted for a specimen rack capable of holding specimen containers. The adapter is provided with a specimen rack mounting section inserted and fixed to an adapter insertion section of a specimen rack body, a specimen container positioning section for holding the specimen containers, and a sleeve.
摘要:
A circuit for controlling phase includes a first node providing a current responsive to a first clock signal, a first plurality of switch circuits coupled to the first node, a first plurality of current supply sources coupled to the first plurality of switch circuits, respectively, a second node providing a current responsive to a second clock signal, a second plurality of switch circuits coupled to the second node, and a second plurality of current supply sources coupled to the second plurality of switch circuits, respectively, wherein the first node and the second node are coupled to combine the first clock signal and the second clock signal, at least one of the first plurality of current supply sources having a current supply amount different from another, and at least one of the second plurality of current supply sources having a current supply amount different from another.
摘要:
In an optical wavelength division multiplexer, flattening of band characteristic can be realized while reducing excessive loss due to the flattening of band characteristic in an arrayed waveguide grating. Further, the flat band of the band characteristic can be made broader. The optical wavelength division multiplexer according to the invention includes: a first coupler optical waveguide 104 and a second coupler optical waveguide 106; one or more input side connecting part waveguide(s) 103 with one end connected to an input optical waveguide 101 and the other end connected to an optical input end face of the first coupler optical waveguide 104; one or more output side connecting part waveguide(s) 103′ with one end connected to an output optical waveguide 107 and the other end connected to an optical output end face of the second coupler optical waveguide 106; and an arrayed optical waveguide 105 connected between the first coupler optical waveguide 104 and the second coupler optical waveguide 106 and having plural channel waveguides with different lengths from one another, and further includes an optical interferometer connected to at least two optical waveguides between the input side connecting part waveguide 103 and the input optical waveguide 101. The optical interferometer includes a ring structure 202 that feeds back an input light, and is provided so that an interference period of the optical interferometer may become equal to a difference between frequencies of light output from adjacent optical waveguides of the output side connecting part waveguide 107.
摘要:
A thermoelectric generator that reduces the size of an entire exhaust apparatus for an internal combustion engine, while ensuring the amount of electric power generated by a thermoelectric generation element and the purging effect of a catalyst device. The thermoelectric generator includes a catalyst device, arranged in the exhaust passage, for purging exhaust. A thermoelectric generation element, which is arranged on the catalyst device, converts thermal energy of the exhaust passing through the exhaust passage to electric energy. The thermoelectric generation element is arranged at a downstream portion of the catalyst device with respect to the flow of the exhaust.