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公开(公告)号：US07099434B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-29
申请号：US10442687
申请日：2003-05-21
IPC分类号： G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 , G01T3/06 , G01V5/0066 , G01V5/0075
摘要： An inspection system based upon an enclosed conveyance such as a van, capable of road travel, for inspecting objects of inspection that may include persons. The conveyance is characterized by an enclosing body, or skin. A source of penetrating radiation and a spatial modulator for forming the penetrating radiation into a beam, both contained entirely within the body of the enclosed conveyance, irradiate an object with a time-variable scanning profile. A detector module generates a scatter signal based on penetrating radiation scattered by contents of the object, while a proximity sensor generates a relative motion signal based on a relative disposition of the conveyance and the inspected object. An image is formed of the contents of the object based in part on the scatter signal and the relative motion signal. A detector, which may be separate or part of the scatter detector module, may exhibit sensitivity to decay products of radioactive material.
摘要翻译： 基于可以包括人员的检查对象的，能够进行道路行驶的诸如厢式货车的封闭式运输工具的检查系统。 输送带的特征在于包围的身体或皮肤。 穿透辐射源和用于将穿透辐射形成横梁的空间调制器，两者都完全包含在封闭输送体的主体内，用时间可变的扫描轮廓照射物体。 检测器模块基于由物体的内容物散射的穿透辐射而产生散射信号，而接近传感器基于输送和检查对象的相对布置产生相对运动信号。 部分地基于散射信号和相对运动信号，由对象的内容形成图像。 可以是分离或散射检测器模块的一部分的检测器可能对放射性物质的衰变产物具有敏感性。
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2.发明授权X-ray inspection by coherent-scattering from variably disposed scatterers identified as suspect objects 有权通过相干散射从被识别为可疑物体的不同布置的散射体进行X射线检查公开(公告)号：US06621888B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-16
申请号：US10190903
申请日：2002-07-08
申请人： Lee Grodzins , William Adams , Peter Rothschild
发明人： Lee Grodzins , William Adams , Peter Rothschild
IPC分类号： G01N2304
CPC分类号： G01N23/201 , G01N23/20 , G01V5/0025
摘要： A system and method for inspecting an enclosure with penetrating radiation. Radiation side-scattered from an object within the enclosure is detected, allowing the object to be located. If the object is deemed suspect, a volume element of the suspect object is further irradiated with penetrating radiation, and radiation coherently-scattered by the volume element is detected. The energy spectrum and angular distribution of the coherently-scattered radiation are used to characterize the volume element of the suspect object.
摘要翻译： 用于检查具有穿透辐射的外壳的系统和方法。 检测到从外壳内的物体散射的辐射，允许对象被定位。 如果对象被认为是可疑的，则可疑对象的体积元素被进一步照射穿透辐射，并且检测到被音量元件相干散射的辐射。 相干散射辐射的能谱和角分布用于表征可疑物体的体积元素。
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3.发明授权Coherent x-ray scatter inspection system with sidescatter and energy-resolved detection 有权相干X射线散射检测系统，具有侧面和能量分辨检测公开(公告)号：US06442233B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09637755
申请日：2000-08-11
申请人： Lee Grodzins , William Adams , Peter Rothschild
发明人： Lee Grodzins , William Adams , Peter Rothschild
IPC分类号： G01N2304
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 , G01N23/201 , G01V5/0025
摘要： A system and method for inspecting an enclosure. A beam of x-rays is used for scanning the enclosure and for identifying areas of suspect material. The beam is subsequently coherently scattered off suspect materials, during the course of a single pass of the enclosure past the beam, for uniquely discriminating innocuous from contraband substances. One or more energy dispersive detectors measure radiation coherently scattered by an identified volume of suspect material. Absorption effects of the energy distribution of the coherently scattered radiation are compensated by means of a fiducial reference disposed between the interrogated object and the detectors.
摘要翻译： 用于检查外壳的系统和方法。 一束x射线用于扫描外壳和识别可疑材料的区域。 随后，光束在围绕光束单次通过的过程中随后被相干散射出可疑材料，以便唯一地区分无害物质。 一个或多个能量分散检测器测量被识别体积的可疑材料相干散射的辐射。 通过布置在询问对象和检测器之间的基准参考来补偿相干散射辐射的能量分布的吸收效应。
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公开(公告)号：US20050117683A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-02
申请号：US10957770
申请日：2004-10-04
申请人： Andrey Mishin , Wade Sapp , Lee Grodzins , Peter Rothschild
发明人： Andrey Mishin , Wade Sapp , Lee Grodzins , Peter Rothschild
CPC分类号： G21K5/10 , G01N23/02 , G01N23/04 , G01N23/20 , G01T3/06 , G01V5/0041 , G01V5/0069 , G01V5/0091
摘要： An x-ray inspection system for identifying fissile material includes one or more sources of penetrating radiation that generate first, second, and third instantaneous spectra where the object is exposed to the second only if there is no penetration of the first and the object is exposed to the third only if there is no penetration of the second. Further, the sources of the second and the third spectra are pulsed. Consequently, ambient levels of radiation may be held below cabinet levels while identifying objects containing fissile material.
摘要翻译： 用于识别易裂变材料的X射线检查系统包括一个或多个穿透辐射源，其产生第一，第二和第三瞬时光谱，其中仅当第一和第（3）个物体不被穿透时物体暴露于第二瞬间光谱 只有在没有渗透的情况下，才能到第三名。 此外，第二和第三光谱的来源是脉冲的。 因此，在识别含有易裂变材料的物体时，辐射的环境水平可能会保持在机柜水平以下。
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公开(公告)号：US08325871B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-04
申请号：US12239054
申请日：2008-09-26
申请人： Lee Grodzins , Peter Rothschild , William L. Adams
发明人： Lee Grodzins , Peter Rothschild , William L. Adams
IPC分类号： G01T1/00
CPC分类号： G01N23/04 , G01T3/06 , G01V5/0025 , G01V5/0091
摘要： Systems and methods for detecting clandestine fissile or radioactive material on the basis of emitted radiation and particles (such as neutrons and alpha particles) arising from within the material. Emission by the fissile or radioactive material is detected in conjunction with a conventional x-ray imaging system that includes an external source of illuminating penetrating radiation, at least one detector configured to detect at least the penetrating radiation and to generate a detector signal, and a processor configured as a detector signal discriminator to generate an output indicating whether the detector signal is triggered by an origin other than illuminating penetrating radiation. Active and passive modes of detection are described by some embodiments. Other embodiments are directed toward neutron detection, gamma ray detection with energy resolution, and designs of detectors to enhance the detection of clandestine nuclear material.
摘要翻译： 在发射的辐射和材料内产生的颗粒（如中子和α粒子）的基础上检测秘密裂变物或放射性物质的系统和方法。 与常规x射线成像系统一起检测易裂变材料或放射性物质的排放，该x射线成像系统包括外部照射穿透辐射源，至少一个检测器被配置为至少检测穿透辐射并产生检测器信号，以及 处理器被配置为检测器信号鉴别器以产生指示检测器信号是否由除了照射穿透辐射之外的原点触发的输出。 一些实施例描述了主动和被动的检测模式。 其他实施例涉及中子检测，具有能量分辨率的伽马射线检测和用于增强对秘密核材料的检测的检测器的设计。
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公开(公告)号：US06459764B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09631140
申请日：2000-08-02
IPC分类号： G01N23203
CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 , G01N23/04 , G01V5/0041
摘要： An inspection system for inspecting a moving vehicle and for detecting material disposed within the vehicle. The system has a source for providing a generally horizontally pointing beam of penetrating radiation of specified cross-section so as to illuminate vehicles driven alongside the source of radiation. A detector arrangement, disposed between the source of radiation and the moving vehicle detects radiation from the beam scattered by any material disposed on the underside of the moving vehicle and generates a scattered radiation signal that may be used for characterizing the material disposed within the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检查移动车辆并检测设置在车辆内的材料的检查系统。 该系统具有用于提供大体上水平指向的具有特定横截面的穿透辐射的光束的源，以照亮沿着辐射源驱动的车辆。 设置在辐射源和移动车辆之间的检测器装置检测由设置在移动车辆的下侧上的任何材料散射的光束的辐射，并产生散射辐射信号，其可用于表征设置在车辆内的材料。
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公开(公告)号：US07010094B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10161037
申请日：2002-05-31
IPC分类号： G21K1/02
CPC分类号： G01N23/02 , G01N23/04 , G01N23/20 , G01V5/0016 , G01V5/0025 , G01V5/0041 , G21K5/10
摘要： A system and method for inspecting an object, the system and method comprising a source for generating a penetrating radiation beam for irradiating the object, the beam having, for each instant of time, an instantaneous energy spectrum of intensity, a shaper for modulating the generated beam, thereby creating a shaped beam, the shaper comprising at least a first section and a second section, the first section attenuating the intensity of a portion of the generated beam by a first attenuation factor and the second section attenuating the intensity of another portion of the generated beam by a second attenuation factor, and at least one detector for detecting the shaped beam after the shaped beam interacts with the object. The source may scan a beam across an object while the source and at least one detector are moving on a platform capable of highway travel or on an inspection module movable with respect to the object.
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公开(公告)号：US06249567B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09395331
申请日：1999-09-13
申请人： Peter Rothschild , Lee Grodzins
发明人： Peter Rothschild , Lee Grodzins
IPC分类号： G01N23201
CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 , G01N23/20 , G01V5/0041
摘要： An inspection system for inspecting a vehicle moving at a grade of travel over a surface and for detecting material disposed within or on the underside of the vehicle. The system has a source for providing a generally upward or downward pointing beam of penetrating radiation of specified cross-section so as to illuminate vehicles driven above or below the source of radiation. A detector arrangement, disposed below the grade of travel, detects radiation from the beam scattered by any material disposed on the underside of the moving vehicle and generates a scattered radiation signal that may be used for characterizing the material disposed on the underside of the vehicle. Similarly, a detector arrangement disposed above the vehicle generates a scattered radiation signal that may be used for characterizing the material disposed within the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检查在表面上行进等级移动的车辆的检查系统，并且用于检测设置在车辆内侧或之下的材料。 该系统具有用于提供特定横截面的穿透辐射的大致向上或向下指向的光束的源，以照亮驱动在辐射源上方或下方的车辆。 设置在行驶级别之下的检测器装置检测由设置在移动车辆的下侧上的任何材料散射的光束的辐射，并产生可用于表征设置在车辆下侧上的材料的散射辐射信号。 类似地，设置在车辆上方的检测器装置产生可用于表征车辆中布置的材料的散射辐射信号。
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公开(公告)号：US07218704B1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-15
申请号：US11238719
申请日：2005-09-29
IPC分类号： G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 , G01T3/06 , G01V5/0066 , G01V5/0075
摘要： An inspection system based upon an enclosed conveyance such as a van, capable of road travel, for inspecting persons or objects. The conveyance is characterized by an enclosing body, or skin. A source of penetrating radiation and a spatial modulator for forming the penetrating radiation into a beam, both contained entirely within the body of the enclosed conveyance, irradiate the person or object with a time-variable scanning profile. A detector module generates a scatter signal based on the scatter of penetrating radiation. A proximity sensor may be employed to generate a relative motion signal based on a relative disposition of the conveyance and the inspected object. An image is formed of the contents of the object based in part on the scatter signal and the relative motion signal. A detector, which may be separate or part of the scatter detector module, may exhibit sensitivity to decay products of radioactive material.
摘要翻译： 一种基于诸如面包车的封闭运输工具的检查系统，能够进行道路行驶，用于检查人员或物体。 输送带的特征在于包围的身体或皮肤。 穿透辐射源和用于将穿透辐射形成横梁的空间调制器，两者完全包含在封闭输送体的主体内，以时变扫描轮廓照射人或物体。 检测器模块基于穿透辐射的散射产生散射信号。 可以使用接近传感器来基于输送和检查对象的相对布置来产生相对运动信号。 部分地基于散射信号和相对运动信号，由对象的内容形成图像。 可以是分离或散射检测器模块的一部分的检测器可能对放射性物质的衰变产物具有敏感性。
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公开(公告)号：US20050105665A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-19
申请号：US10750178
申请日：2003-12-31
申请人： Lee Grodzins , Peter Rothschild
发明人： Lee Grodzins , Peter Rothschild
摘要： Some embodiments of the invention are directed toward systems and methods of detecting clandestine nuclear material in the form of emitted radiation and particles (e.g., neutrons and alpha particles). These embodiments, which may be used in conjunction with a conventional x-ray imaging system, may include an external source of penetrating radiation, at least one detector configured to detect at least penetrating radiation and to generate a detector signal, and a processor configured as a detector signal discriminator to generate an output indicating whether the detector signal is triggered by an origin other than backscattered penetrating radiation. Active and passive modes of detection are described by some embodiments. Other embodiments are directed toward neutron detection, gamma ray detection with energy resolution, and designs of detectors to enhance the detection of clandestine nuclear material.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例涉及以发射辐射和颗粒（例如中子和α粒子）的形式检测秘密核材料的系统和方法。 可以与常规x射线成像系统结合使用的这些实施例可以包括外部穿透辐射源，至少一个检测器，被配置为至少检测穿透辐射并产生检测器信号，以及处理器，被配置为 检测器信号鉴别器，用于产生指示检测器信号是否由除了背散射穿透辐射之外的原点触发的输出。 一些实施例描述了主动和被动的检测模式。 其他实施例涉及中子检测，具有能量分辨率的伽马射线检测和用于增强对秘密核材料的检测的检测器的设计。
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