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    Phthalic acid diester preparation with waste stream purification and recycle
    1.
    发明授权
    Phthalic acid diester preparation with waste stream purification and recycle 失效
    邻苯二甲酸二酯制备与废物流净化和回收

    公开(公告)号：US4241216A

    公开(公告)日：1980-12-23

    申请号：US000006

    申请日：1979-01-02

    申请人： Lee H. Bergman ,  John J. Evangelista ,  William M. Herring

    发明人： Lee H. Bergman ,  John J. Evangelista ,  William M. Herring

    IPC分类号： C07C69/80 ,  C07C67/08

    CPC分类号： C07C67/58 ,  C07C67/08 ,  C07C67/56

    摘要： A continuous process for the preparation in at least one esterification reactor of phthalate diesters utilizing phthalic acid or anhydride and a stoichiometric excess of at least one saturated aliphatic alcohol containing about 4 to about 10 carbon atoms comprises (a) reaction of phthalic acid or anhydride with said alcohol in a reactor zone, (b) purification of the diester in a purification zone in which the reaction product is neutralized with an alkali metal hydroxide, i.e., sodium hydroxide, to separate the diester and the unreacted phthalic acid or anhydride together with said saturated alcohol utilized in the reaction, said reaction product is separated into an organic phase and an aqueous waste phase. The organic phase is washed with water, steam stripped, treated with activated charcoal and filtered to purify the diester product desired, (c) the aqueous phase containing monoester is separated from said organic phase in step (b) is purified by filtration to remove solid impurities, carbon treated to remove color bodies, and acidified and extracted with the same alcohol used in the esterification to obtain an organic phase which can be recycled to the reaction zone of the process without causing discoloration of the desired diester product of the process.In the monoester purification process, acidification is accomplished utilizing a strong organic acid, i.e., sulfuric acid, prior thereto or simultaneously with extraction utilizing the same alcohol used in the esterification process. Purification of the aqueous waste streams produced in the process can be accomplished using activated charcoal to remove organic wastes and precipitation of inorganic salts to remove inorganic impurities produced in the process.

    摘要翻译： 使用邻苯二甲酸或酸酐和化学计量过量的至少一种含有约4至约10个碳原子的饱和脂肪醇的至少一种邻苯二甲酸二酯的酯化反应器中的制备的连续方法包括（a）邻苯二甲酸或酸酐与 所述醇在反应器区中，（b）在纯化区中纯化二酯，其中反应产物用碱金属氢氧化物即氢氧化钠中和，以将二酯和未反应的邻苯二甲酸或酸酐与所述的 在反应中使用的饱和醇，将所述反应产物分离成有机相和废水相。 有机相用水洗涤，蒸汽汽提，用活性炭处理，过滤以纯化所需的二酯产物，（c）步骤（b）中从所述有机相中分离含有单酯的水相，通过过滤纯化以除去固体 杂质，碳处理以除去发色体，并用与酯化反应中使用的相同的醇酸化和萃取，以获得可以再循环到该方法的反应区的有机相，而不会导致该方法的所需二酯产物的变色。 在单酯纯化方法中，使用强酸性有机酸（即硫酸）在其之前或同时使用与酯化方法中使用的相同的醇进行酸化。 在该方法中产生的废水流的纯化可以使用活性炭来实现，以除去有机废物和沉淀无机盐以除去在该过程中产生的无机杂质。

    Freeze modification agent
    2.
    发明授权
    Freeze modification agent 失效
    冻结改性剂

    公开(公告)号：US4277520A

    公开(公告)日：1981-07-07

    申请号：US149863

    申请日：1980-05-14

    申请人： Clyde G. Inks ,  John W. Compton ,  Kathryn M. Ellerman ,  Lee H. Bergman

    发明人： Clyde G. Inks ,  John W. Compton ,  Kathryn M. Ellerman ,  Lee H. Bergman

    IPC分类号： C09K3/18 ,  C10L9/00

    CPC分类号： C09K3/18

    摘要： The strength of ice is reduced by dissolving in water prior to freezing a composition of (A) a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkylether thereof and (B) an alkali metal carbonate in an amount to provide an effective amount of (A) plus (B). The method is especially useful for application to particulate solids, such as coal and mineral ores, which are shipped and stored in masses exposed to freezing temperatures. Any ice that is formed is physically weak and will not deter the unloading of the thusly conditioned particulate solids.

    摘要翻译： 在冷冻组合物（A）水溶性多羟基化合物或其单烷基醚和（B）碱金属碳酸盐的组合物之前，冰的强度降低，其量为提供有效量的（A）加（ B）。 该方法特别适用于颗粒固体，例如煤和矿石，它们以暴露于冷冻温度的块体运输和储存。 所形成的任何冰都是物理上弱的，并且不会阻止如此调节的颗粒固体的卸载。

    Dinitroalkyl aromatics polymerization retarders or inhibitors and methods for making and for using same
    3.
    发明授权
    Dinitroalkyl aromatics polymerization retarders or inhibitors and methods for making and for using same 失效
    二硝基烷基芳族化合物缓凝剂或抑制剂及其制备和使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US06339177B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

    申请号：US09577632

    申请日：2000-05-24

    申请人： Lee H. Bergman

    发明人： Lee H. Bergman

    IPC分类号： C07C20506

    CPC分类号： C09K15/24 ,  C07B63/04 ,  C07C205/23

    摘要： A vinyl monomer inhibitor systems is disclosed which includes 2,6-dinitro-4-alkylated phenols and mixtures of 2,6-dinitro-4-alkylated phenols and 2,4-dinitro-6-alkylated phenols as well as vinyl monomer stabilized composition including an effective amount of the inhibitor systems. A method for the preparation and use is also disclosed where phenol is first alkylated under conditions that afford predominately monoalkylated phenols having a high para alkylation preference, followed by nitration of the alkylated phenols to form a dinitrated, monoalkylated product.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种乙烯基单体抑制剂体系，其包括2,6-二硝基-4-烷基化酚和2,6-二硝基-4-烷基化酚和2,4-二硝基-6-烷基化酚的混合物以及乙烯基单体稳定化组合物 包括有效量的抑制剂体系。 还公开了一种制备和使用的方法，其中苯酚首先在主要具有高对烷基化优先性的单烷基化酚的条件下烷基化，然后硝化烷基化酚形成二硝基化的单烷基化产物。

    Oxidation method for production of special aluminas from pure aluminum chloride
    4.
    发明授权
    Oxidation method for production of special aluminas from pure aluminum chloride 失效
    从纯氯化铝生产特殊氧化铝的氧化方法

    公开(公告)号：US4710369A

    公开(公告)日：1987-12-01

    申请号：US872600

    申请日：1986-06-10

    申请人： Lee H. Bergman

    发明人： Lee H. Bergman

    IPC分类号： C01F7/30 ,  C01F7/02

    CPC分类号： C01F7/302 ,  C01P2004/61 ,  C01P2006/10 ,  C01P2006/12

    摘要： A process for producing alumina involving reacting anhydrous aluminum chloride with a oxidizing agent with a temperature within the range of from about 700.degree. C. to about 1200.degree. C. to form aluminum oxide and chlorine and separating the chlorine and mixing a portion thereof with the reacting aluminum chloride and oxidizing agent.

    摘要翻译： 一种生产氧化铝的方法，包括使无水氯化铝与氧化剂在约700℃至约1200℃的温度范围内反应，形成氧化铝和氯，并将氯和氯的一部分与 使氯化铝和氧化剂反应。