摘要:
The invention relates to a method of modifying a surface of a glass product. The method comprises conveying particles to the surface of the glass, a material contained in the particles being at least partly dissolved and diffused in the glass. The method comprises a step of heating the surface of the glass. The invention further relates to an apparatus for modifying a surface of a hot glass product. The invention still further relates to glass products wherein the content of an element which provides the glass with a functionality decreases steplessly upon proceeding from the surface of the glass deeper into the glass.
摘要:
A method for modifying glassy surfaces including: producing nanoparticles; depositing the said nanoparticles on a surface; providing energy to the particles and/or surface so that the nanoparticles are at least partly diffused/dissolved into the glassy surface; and reducing the cohesive energy of the nanoparticles during the production of the nanoparticles or after the production of the nanoparticles.
摘要:
Process for improving the chemical durability of glass by modifying at least one surface of a glass substrate. The modification process utilizes crystalline metal oxide particles with a mean aerodynamic particle diameter of less than 1000 nm, which are at least partially embedded on and into the glass surface. Apparatus for depositing crystalline metal oxide particles on glass surface.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for coating glass with a CVD method, the coating being deposited by delivering some of the coating material into coating in the form of solid particles, whose composition is substantially the same as the composition of the coating to be deposited and whose diameter is less than 200 nm.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device and a method for producing nanoparticles, in which method starting materials for nanoparticles are mixed at least as liquid droplets and optionally also as gases and/or vapors with at least combustion gases in a premixing chamber and the mixture is separated for liquid drops larger than size d, whereafter the mixture is conducted to at least one burner, in which the combustion gases are ignited such that a heavily mixing flame is generated, in which the starting materials react and optional solvents evaporate and generate through nucleation and/or sintering and/or agglomeration particles having a diameter of 1 to 1000 micrometers.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device and a method for producing nanoparticles, in which method starting materials for nanoparticles are mixed at least as liquid droplets and optionally also as gases and/or vapours with at least combustion gases in a premixing chamber and the mixture is separated for liquid drops larger than size d, whereafter the mixture is conducted to at least one burner, in which the combustion gases are ignited such that a heavily mixing flame is generated, in which the starting materials react and optional solvents evaporate and generate through nucleation and/or sintering and/or agglomeration particles having a diameter of 1 to 1000 micrometres.
摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus for producing nanotubes, the apparatus being adapted to produce doped and/or undoped single-walled or multi-walled nanotubes, the apparatus comprising at least a thermal reactor. In accordance with the invention, the reactor is at least of the hottest part thereof and at least partly manufactured from a material that is at least partly sublimed into the thermal reactor as a result of the thermal reactor being heated, and the sublimed material at least partly participates in the growth of the nanotubes.
摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus for producing nanotubes, the apparatus being adapted to produce doped and/or undoped single-walled or multi-walled nanotubes, the apparatus comprising at least a thermal reactor. In accordance with the invention, the reactor is at least of the hottest part thereof and at least partly manufactured from a material that is at least partly sublimed into the thermal reactor as a result of the thermal reactor being heated, and the sublimed material at least partly participates in the growth of the nanotubes.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for coating a substrate using one or more liquid starting materials. The substrate is coated by atomizing one or more liquid starting materials into droplets and vaporizing the droplets in a deposition chamber for before the starting materials react on the surface of the substrate. The droplets are guided towards the substrate with electrical forces before the droplets are vaporized.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing a preform and/or drawing an optical fiber. The method is characterized by securing the preform (2) to the processing device by means of at least two separate gripping means (4, 6), heating the preform (2) or a section thereof by means of at least one heating device at least locally, generating a tension in the preform (2) by means of the gripping means (4, 6), and processing the preform (2) by moving one of the gripping means (4, 6) and the heating means (12) and keeping the gripping means (4, 6) on the side of the end product of the preform in position relative to the body of the processing device, whereby the end product produced also remains in position relative to the body of the processing device.