摘要:
An optical data storage system and method comprising a photopolymer medium having generally a polymerizable monomer, an active binder, a first, hologram recording polymerization initiator, and a second, data writing polymerization initiator. The monomer is preferably a cationic ring-opening monomer. The hologram recording polymerization initiator preferably comprises a sensitizer and photoacid generator which initiate a first polymerization in the medium which defines a format hologram. The format hologram recording is carried out via interference of a signal and reference beam, with the sensitizer being specific for the wavelength(s) of the signal and reference beams. The hologram recording polymerization is only partial and does not consume all of the monomer present in the photopolymer medium. A second stage, a data writing polymerization initiator, specific to a data writing beam, locally advances polymerization at selected data storage locations to alter the previously recorded format hologram, resulting in optical data storage as localized alterations in the format hologram.
摘要:
An optical storage system and method having separate, independent format hologram writing and data writing mechanisms to allow optimization of data writing separately from format hologram recording. In its most general terms, the invention comprises an optical medium having a first, photoactive material responsive to a first, format hologram recording condition and a second photo-active material, responsive to a second, data writing condition, which is dispersed or dissolved in the first photoactive material. The second photoactive material may additionally be “erasable” under a third, erasing condition. The second photoactive material is preferably in the form of microparticles, microdroplets or microcapsules which are dispersed throughout the first photoactive material. The format hologram is recorded in the first photoactive material when the optical medium is subject to the first, format hologram recording condition, and the data writing is subsequently carried out separately, in connection with the second photoactive material, under the second, data writing condition. The separate format hologram recording and bit writing functions provided by the diferent conditions make them orthogonal.
摘要:
An optical information storage system using optical storage media including multiple data layers or stacks wherein each of the multiple data stacks has a storage density comparable to a conventional single layer optical disk. The optical data storage system comprises an optical medium having a single dedicated servo layer and multiple data stacks which each contain an embedded servo format, a servo laser beam positioned to maintain a first focus point on the dedicated servo reference layer, a read-write laser beam positioned to maintain a second focus point on one of the data stacks, a first, dedicated servo system which provides focus and tracking error correction according to error signals generated from the dedicated servo layer, and a second, embedded servo system which provides focus and tracking error correction according to error signals generated from the data stacks. The dedicated servo layer, in different embodiments of the invention, may be positioned either below or above the data stacks in the optical medium, or interposed between data stacks. The data stacks may comprise discrete physical data layers or “virtual” data layers defined by a format hologram. The servo and read-write lasers may differ in wavelength and/or polarization.
摘要:
A lithography system comprises an illumination system that supplies radiation and a projection system comprising an optical system and a patterning device located at a pupil plane. The patterning device patterns the radiation and the optical system projects the patterned radiation onto a target portion of a substrate. In one example, an additional patterning device is located at an object plane of the lithography system and patterns the radiation before the patterning device at the pupil plane.
摘要:
A method including mixing using a mixer a first component and a second component to form a liquid before supply to a space between the projection system and a substrate, measuring a property of the liquid using a measuring device and making the feedback available to a controller, based on the feedback, controlling with the controller a physical property of the liquid by controlling the amount of the first and/or second component used to form the liquid, supplying the liquid to the space between the projection system and the substrate, and projecting a patterned beam of radiation, using the projection system, through the liquid onto a target portion of the substrate.
摘要:
A method for protecting a wet lens element from liquid degradation is provided. The method includes applying a thin coating of an organoxy-metallic compound to the side portions of a wet lens element to leave behind an optically inert, light absorbing metal oxide film. A liquid shield coating is applied on top of the metal oxide coating. The two coating layers protect the wet lens element from liquid degradation when the side portion of the wet lens element is submerged into a liquid. In an embodiment, the wet lens element is an immersion lithography wet lens element and the liquid is an immersion lithography liquid.
摘要:
Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.
摘要:
Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.
摘要:
Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.
摘要:
An electrostatic clamp for use in a lithographic apparatus includes burls and an electrode surrounded by an insulator and/or a dielectric material between adjacent burls. In an embodiment, two or more layers of dielectric material are provided between adjacent burls and surround an electrode provided between adjacent burls. The electrostatic clamp may be used to clamp an object to an object support in a lithographic apparatus.