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1.发明授权Stabilization of laser sources with closely-coupled optical reflectors using an internal dither circuit 有权使用内部抖动电路使紧密耦合的光反射器稳定激光源公开(公告)号：US06215809B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-10
申请号：US09197062
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts , Robert J. Lang , John DeAndrea , Michael L. Bortz , Brian F. Ventrudo
发明人： Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts , Robert J. Lang , John DeAndrea , Michael L. Bortz , Brian F. Ventrudo
IPC分类号： H01S308
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S5/0652 , H01S5/146
摘要： Apparatus for providing a laser source optically coupled to an optical waveguide, such as an optical fiber, having a reflective grating positioned from the output facet of the laser source a distance equal to or greater than the coherence length of the laser source providing a portion of reflective feedback into the laser source optical cavity to maintain wavelength operation of the laser source in spite of changes in the laser operating temperature or drive current based upon coherence collapse in the laser operation. In cases where the fiber grating is positioned in the fiber within the coherence length of the laser source, intermittent coherence collapse, as opposed to continuous coherence collapse, is unavoidable. In cases where such a laser source is a pumping source for a solid state gain medium, such as an optical amplifier or laser having an active gain element, e.g., an Er doped amplifier, undesirable perturbations in the laser source output are present which have a deleterious effect on the operation of the solid state gain medium. The effect of these undesirable perturbations are substantially removed by a small, continuous variation or dither in the driving current of the laser source having a rate of variation that exceeds the active gain element excited state lifetime thereby controlling the switching of the laser source operation between states of coherency and coherence collapse. As a result, the effects of laser source perturbations are avoided so as not to have an effect on the operation of the coupled solid state gain medium so that its gain stability is improved. Various embodiments of dither circuits are disclosed. In addition, polarization-maintaining behavior is induced in optical waveguides to further improve laser source stability.
摘要翻译： 用于提供光学耦合到诸如光纤的光波导的激光源的设备，其具有从激光源的输出小面定位的反射光栅，距离等于或大于激光源的相干长度，该距离提供一部分 反射反射到激光源光学腔中以保持激光源的波长操作，尽管激光器工作温度或驱动电流基于激光器操作中的相干性崩溃而发生变化。 在光纤光栅位于激光源的相干长度内的纤维光纤的情况下，与连续相干塌陷相反，间歇性相干塌陷是不可避免的。 在这种激光源是用于固态增益介质的泵浦源的情况下，例如具有有源增益元件（例如，Er掺杂放大器）的光放大器或激光器，存在激光源输出中的不期望的扰动，其具有 对固态增益介质的操作有害的影响。 这些不期望的扰动的效果通过在激光源的驱动电流中的小的连续变化或抖动基本上消除，其具有超过有源增益元件激发态寿命的变化率，从而控制状态之间的激光源操作的切换 的一致性和一致性崩溃。 结果，避免了激光源扰动的影响，从而不会对耦合的固态增益介质的操作产生影响，从而提高了其增益稳定性。 公开了抖动电路的各种实施例。 此外，在光波导中引起偏振保持行为以进一步提高激光源的稳定性。
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公开(公告)号：US06407855B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US09430394
申请日：1999-10-29
申请人： Stuart MacCormack , David M. Giltner , Vincent G. Dominic , Donald R. Scifres , Bardia Pezeshki , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts
发明人： Stuart MacCormack , David M. Giltner , Vincent G. Dominic , Donald R. Scifres , Bardia Pezeshki , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts
IPC分类号： H01S330
CPC分类号： H01S3/094 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/08086 , H01S3/0812 , H01S3/094042 , H01S3/302
摘要： Optical pumping arrangements are provided for the broadband or multiple wavelength pumping of optical sources. Sources may be based on Raman gain media and may use multiple output couplers to couple out different wavelength ranges. Cascaded Raman resonator (CRR) configurations may also be used. Overlapping resonators at different wavelengths may be configured to share gain media, and may have separate portions in separate optical paths. Attenuation filters may also be used that are matched to the gain profile of a gain medium, to flatten the gain spectrum and allow equalization of gain to different output wavelengths. In one embodiment, polarization maintaining fiber is used to develop resonant conditions at different wavelengths in different polarization states. Wideband output gratings may be substituted for narrowband gratings to provide CRR configurations with a broader output band. Broadband amplification may also be provided by using a laser source operating in coherence collapse. The multiple wavelength pumping lends itself to a pumping arrangement in which sources at different wavelengths are combined into separate transmission/gain media such as the different fibers of an optical fiber cable.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于光源的宽波长或多波长泵浦的光泵浦装置。 源可以基于拉曼增益介质，并且可以使用多个输出耦合器耦合出不同的波长范围。 也可以使用级联拉曼谐振器（CRR）。 可以将不同波长的重叠谐振器配置成共享增益介质，并且可以在单独的光路中具有分离的部分。 还可以使用与增益介质的增益曲线匹配的衰减滤波器，以平坦化增益谱，并允许将增益均衡到不同的输出波长。 在一个实施例中，使用偏振保持光纤来发展不同偏振态的不同波长的谐振条件。 宽带输出光栅可以代替窄带光栅，以提供具有更宽输出频带的CRR配置。 也可以通过使用在相干塌陷中操作的激光源来提供宽带放大。 多波长泵浦本身适用于泵送装置，其中将不同波长的源组合成单独的传输/增益介质，例如光纤电缆的不同光纤。
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公开(公告)号：US5440576A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US229383
申请日：1994-04-18
申请人： David F. Welch , Robert J. Lang , Julian S. Osinski , Kenneth M. Dzurko , David G. Mehuys , Robert G. Waarts
发明人： David F. Welch , Robert J. Lang , Julian S. Osinski , Kenneth M. Dzurko , David G. Mehuys , Robert G. Waarts
CPC分类号： H01S5/4031 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/50
摘要： A phased array of flared amplifiers fed by phase adjusters and a power splitter produces a single high power beam when the flared amplifier sections are aligned and closely spaced. In one embodiment the array is excited by a DBR laser integrated into the same substrate as the flared amplifiers. In another embodiment the array is self-excited and forms a laser between an edge of the substrate common to the power splitter and an edge of the substrate common to the flared amplifier.
摘要翻译： 当相位调节器和功率分配器馈送的相控放大器的相控阵列当扩张放大器部分对准并且紧密间隔时产生单个高功率光束。 在一个实施例中，阵列由与发射放大器集成在同一衬底中的DBR激光器激发。 在另一个实施例中，阵列是自激的，并且在功率分配器公共的衬底的边缘与扩张放大器公共的衬底的边缘之间形成激光。
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公开(公告)号：US06222864B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US09074550
申请日：1998-05-07
IPC分类号： H01S500
CPC分类号： G02B27/09 , G02B19/0014 , G02B19/0052 , G02B27/0955 , H01S3/005 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/4025
摘要： Coherent light sources combining a semiconductor optical source with a light diverging region, such as a flared resonator type laser diode or flared amplifier type MOPA, with a single lens adapted to correct the astigmatism of the light beam emitted from the source is disclosed. The lens has an acircular cylindrical or toroidal first surface and an aspheric or binary diffractive second surface. The first surface has a curvature chosen to substantially equalize the lateral and transverse divergences of the astigmatic beam. Sources with an array of light diverging regions producing an array of astigmatic beams and a single astigmatism-correcting lens array aligned with the beams are also disclosed. The single beam source can be used in systems with frequency converting nonlinear optics. The array source can be stacked with other arrays to produce very high output powers with high brightness.
摘要翻译： 公开了将半导体光源与光发散区域（例如扩口谐振器型激光二极管或扩口式MOPA）组合的相干光源，其具有适于校正从源发射的光束的散光的单个透镜。 透镜具有圆形圆柱形或环形第一表面和非球面或二元衍射第二表面。 第一表面具有被选择为基本上均衡散光束的横向和横向分歧的曲率。 还公开了具有产生散光束阵列的光发散区域阵列的源和与光束对准的单个像散校正透镜阵列。 单光束源可用于具有变频非线性光学系统。 阵列源可以与其他阵列堆叠，以产生高亮度的非常高的输出功率。
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公开(公告)号：US5790576A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US669099
申请日：1996-06-26
IPC分类号： G02B27/09 , H01S3/00 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/40 , H01S3/18 , G02B3/02 , G02B3/06 , G02B3/08
CPC分类号： G02B27/09 , G02B19/0014 , G02B19/0052 , G02B27/0955 , H01S3/005 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/1064
摘要： Coherent light sources combining a semiconductor optical source with a light diverging region, such as a flared resonator type laser diode or flared amplifier type MOPA, with a single lens adapted to correct the astigmatism of the light beam emitted from the source is disclosed. The lens has an acircular cylindrical or toroidal first surface and an aspheric or binary diffractive second surface. The first surface has a curvature chosen to substantially equalize the lateral and transverse divergences of the astigmatic beam. Sources with an array of light diverging regions producing an array of astigmatic beams and a single astigmatism-correcting lens array aligned with the beams are also disclosed. The single beam source can be used in systems with frequency converting nonlinear optics. The array source can be stacked with other arrays to produce very high output powers with high brightness.
摘要翻译： 公开了将半导体光源与光发散区域（例如扩口谐振器型激光二极管或扩口式MOPA）组合的相干光源，其具有适于校正从源发射的光束的散光的单个透镜。 透镜具有圆形圆柱形或环形第一表面和非球面或二元衍射第二表面。 第一表面具有被选择为基本上均衡散光束的横向和横向分歧的曲率。 还公开了具有产生散光束阵列的光发散区域阵列的源和与光束对准的单个像散校正透镜阵列。 单光束源可用于具有变频非线性光学系统。 阵列源可以与其他阵列堆叠，以产生高亮度的非常高的输出功率。
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公开(公告)号：US5321718A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US10279
申请日：1993-01-28
IPC分类号： G02F1/37 , H01S3/00 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/14 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/40 , H01S5/50 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S5/50 , G02F1/37 , H01S5/0265 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/0092 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/06256 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/1215 , H01S5/141 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/4031 , H01S5/4068 , H01S5/4087
摘要： A compact semiconductor laser light source providing short wavelength (ultraviolet, blue or green) coherent light by means of frequency doubling of red or infrared light from a high power diode heterostructure. The high power diode heterostructure is a MOPA device having a single mode laser oscillator followed by a multimode, preferably flared, optical power amplifier. A tunable configuration having an external rear reflector grating could also be used. A lens could be integrated with the MOPA to laterally collimate the light before it is emitted. Straight or curved, surface emitting gratings could also be incorporated. An astigmatism-correcting lens system having at least one cylindrical lens surface is disposed in the path of the output from the MOPA to provide a beam with substantially equal lateral and transverse beam width dimensions and beam divergence angles. A nonlinear optical crystal or waveguide is placed in the path of the astigmatism-free symmetrized beam to double the frequency of the light. Single pass or multipass configurations with reflectors could be used, as well as external resonator and segmented, periodically poled waveguide configurations.
摘要翻译： 一种紧凑的半导体激光光源，通过从高功率二极管异质结构的红色或红外光的倍频提供短波长（紫外线，蓝色或绿色）相干光。 高功率二极管异质结构是具有单模激光振荡器的MOPA器件，其后是多模，优选为扩展的光功率放大器。 也可以使用具有外部后反射器光栅的可调构造。 透镜可以与MOPA集成，以在发射光之前对光进行横向准直。 还可以结合直的或弯曲的表面发射光栅。 具有至少一个柱面透镜表面的散光校正透镜系统设置在来自MOPA的输出的路径中，以提供具有基本相等的横向和横向波束宽度尺寸和光束发散角的光束。 将非线性光学晶体或波导放置在无散光对称光束的路径中，将光的频率加倍。 可以使用具有反射器的单通或多通道配置，以及外部谐振器和分段的周期性极化波导配置。
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公开(公告)号：US07177340B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US10701258
申请日：2003-11-04
申请人： Robert J. Lang , Robert G. Waarts
发明人： Robert J. Lang , Robert G. Waarts
CPC分类号： H01S5/141 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/0092 , H01S5/0687 , H01S5/143 , H01S5/32341
摘要： A laser apparatus is disclosed utilizing a laser diode having a reflective back facet and a front facet having a reflectance of less than about 1% for emitting an optical beam at a fundamental frequency along an optical path. A collimating lens is provided for collimating the optical beam into a collimated beam. A transmission grating is optically coupled to receive the collimated beam and returns a portion of the collimated beam back into the laser diode by means of diffraction through lens and the laser diode front facet. The laser diode reflective back facet and the transmission grating form an extended laser cavity. In operation, a substantial portion of the collimated beam is transmitted through the transmission grating for producing the laser output beam propagating along the optical path.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种利用具有反射背面的激光二极管和具有小于约1％的反射率的激光二极管的激光装置，用于沿着光路发射基波的光束。 提供准直透镜以将光束准直成准直光束。 透射光栅被光学耦合以接收准直光束，并且通过透镜和激光二极管前面的衍射将准直光束的一部分返回到激光二极管中。 激光二极管反射背面和透射光栅形成延伸的激光腔。 在操作中，准直光束的大部分透射通过透射光栅，以产生沿光路传播的激光输出光束。
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公开(公告)号：USRE35215E
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US307174
申请日：1994-09-16
IPC分类号： G02F1/37 , H01S3/00 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/14 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/40 , H01S5/50 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S5/50 , G02F1/37 , H01S5/0265 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/0092 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/06256 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/1215 , H01S5/141 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/4031 , H01S5/4068 , H01S5/4087
摘要： A compact semiconductor laser light source providing short wavelength (ultraviolet, blue or green) coherent light by means of frequency doubling of red or infrared light from a high power diode heterostructure. The high power diode heterostructure is a MOPA device having a single mode laser oscillator followed by a multimode, preferably flared, optical power amplifier. A tunable configuration having an external rear reflector grating could also be used. A lens could be integrated with the MOPA to laterally collimate the light before it is emitted. Straight or curved, surface emitting gratings could also be incorporated. An astigmatism-correcting lens system having at least one cylindrical lens surface is disposed in the path of the output from the MOPA to provide a beam with substantially equal lateral and transverse beam width dimensions and beam divergence angles. A nonlinear optical crystal or waveguide is placed in the path of the astigmatism-free symmetrized beam to double the frequency of the light. Single pass or multipass configurations with reflectors could be used, as well as external resonator and segmented, periodically poled waveguide configurations.
摘要翻译： 一种紧凑的半导体激光光源，通过从高功率二极管异质结构的红色或红外光的倍频提供短波长（紫外线，蓝色或绿色）相干光。 高功率二极管异质结构是具有单模激光振荡器的MOPA器件，其后是多模，优选为扩展的光功率放大器。 也可以使用具有外部后反射器光栅的可调构造。 透镜可以与MOPA集成，以在发射光之前对光进行横向准直。 还可以结合直的或弯曲的表面发射光栅。 具有至少一个柱面透镜表面的散光校正透镜系统设置在来自MOPA的输出的路径中，以提供具有基本相等的横向和横向波束宽度尺寸和光束发散角的光束。 将非线性光学晶体或波导放置在无散光对称光束的路径中，将光的频率加倍。 可以使用具有反射器的单通或多通道配置，以及外部谐振器和分段的周期性极化波导配置。
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公开(公告)号：US06301273B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09734865
申请日：2000-12-11
申请人： Steven Sanders , Robert J. Lang , Robert G. Waarts
发明人： Steven Sanders , Robert J. Lang , Robert G. Waarts
IPC分类号： H01S330
CPC分类号： G02F1/3534 , G02F1/3558 , G02F1/39 , G02F2001/3542 , G02F2001/3546 , G02F2001/3548
摘要： A frequency conversion system includes at least one source providing a first near-IR wavelength output including a gain medium for providing high power amplification, such as double clad fiber amplifier, a double clad fiber laser or a semiconductor tapered amplifier to enhance the power output level of the near-IR wavelength output. The NFM device may be a difference frequency mixing (DFM) device or an optical parametric oscillation (OPO) device. Pump powers are gain enhanced by the addition of a rare earth amplifier or oscillator, or a Ra-man/Brillouin amplifier or oscillator between the high power source and the NFM device.
摘要翻译： 变频系统包括至少一个源，其提供包括用于提供高功率放大的增益介质的第一近红外波长输出，例如双包层光纤放大器，双包层光纤激光器或半导体锥形放大器，以增强功率输出电平 的近红外波长输出。 NFM装置可以是差分混频（DFM）装置或光参量振荡（OPO）装置。 通过在高功率源和NFM器件之间添加稀土放大器或振荡器，或Ra-man / Brillouin放大器或振荡器来增加泵浦功率。
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10.发明授权High power pumped MID-IR wavelength devices using nonlinear frequency mixing (NFM) 失效使用非线性频率混合（NFM）的大功率泵浦MID-IR波长器件公开(公告)号：US06229828B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09123387
申请日：1998-07-27
申请人： Steven Sanders , Robert J. Lang , Robert G. Waarts
发明人： Steven Sanders , Robert J. Lang , Robert G. Waarts
IPC分类号： H01S310
CPC分类号： G02F1/3534 , G02F1/3558 , G02F1/39 , G02F2001/3542 , G02F2001/3546 , G02F2001/3548
摘要： Laser diode pumped mid-IR wavelength sources include at least one high power, near-IR wavelength, injection and/or sources wherein one or both of such sources may be tunable providing a pump wave output beam to a quasi-phase matched (QPM) nonlinear frequency mixing (NFM) device. The NFM device may be a difference frequency mixing (DFM) device or an optical parametric oscillation (OPO) device. Wavelength tuning of at least one of the sources advantageously provides the ability for optimizing pump or injection wavelengths to match the QPM properties of the NFM device enabling a broad range of mid-IR wavelength selectivity. Also, pump powers are gain enhanced by the addition of a rare earth amplifier or oscillator, or a Raman/Brillouin amplifier or oscillator between the high power source and the NFM device. Further, polarization conversion using Raman or Brillouin wavelength shifting is provided to optimize frequency conversion efficiency in the NFM device.
摘要翻译： 激光二极管泵浦中红外波长源包括至少一个高功率，近红外波长，注入和/或源，其中这些源中的一个或两个可以是可调谐的，以将泵浦波输出波束提供给准相位匹配（QPM） 非线性频率混合（NFM）装置。 NFM装置可以是差分混频（DFM）装置或光参量振荡（OPO）装置。 至少一个源的波长调谐有利地提供了优化泵浦或注入波长以匹配NFM器件的QPM特性的能力，从而实现宽范围的中红外波长选择性。 此外，通过在高功率源和NFM器件之间添加稀土放大器或振荡器或拉曼/布里渊放大器或振荡器来增加泵浦功率。 此外，提供使用拉曼或布里渊波长移位的偏振转换以优化NFM器件中的频率转换效率。
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