公开(公告)号：US20050277206A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-15

申请号：US10709999

申请日：2004-06-11

申请人： Michael Gaidis ,  David Abraham ,  Stephen Brown ,  Arunava Gupta ,  Chanro Park ,  Wolfgang Raberg

发明人： Michael Gaidis ,  David Abraham ,  Stephen Brown ,  Arunava Gupta ,  Chanro Park ,  Wolfgang Raberg

IPC分类号： G11C11/14 ,  G11C11/16 ,  H01L27/22 ,  H01L43/12

CPC分类号： G11C11/16 ,  H01L27/222 ,  H01L43/12

摘要： A method of patterning a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack is provided. According to such method, an MTJ stack is formed having a free layer, a pinned layer and a tunnel barrier layer disposed between the free layer and the pinned layer. A first area of the MTJ stack is masked while the free layer of the MTJ is exposed in a second area. The free layer is then rendered electrically and magnetically inactive in the second area.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种图案化磁性隧道结（MTJ）堆叠的方法。 根据这种方法，形成具有自由层，钉扎层和设置在自由层和被钉扎层之间的隧道势垒层的MTJ堆叠。 MTJ堆叠的第一区域被屏蔽，而MTJ的自由层在第二区域中被暴露。 然后，自由层在第二区域中被电气地且磁性地不起作用。

公开(公告)号：US20050185454A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-25

申请号：US10785913

申请日：2004-02-24

申请人： Stephen Brown ,  Arunava Gupta ,  Ulrich Klostermann ,  Stuart Papworth Parkin ,  Wolfgang Raberg ,  Mahesh Samant

发明人： Stephen Brown ,  Arunava Gupta ,  Ulrich Klostermann ,  Stuart Papworth Parkin ,  Wolfgang Raberg ,  Mahesh Samant

IPC分类号： G11C11/00 ,  G11C11/02 ,  G11C11/15 ,  H01L27/22

CPC分类号： H01L43/08 ,  G11C11/15

摘要： Methods of manufacturing MTJ memory cells and structures thereof. A diffusion barrier is disposed between an anti-ferromagnetic layer and a pinned layer of an MTJ memory cell to improve thermal stability of the MTJ memory cell. The diffusion barrier may comprise an amorphous material or a NiFe alloy. An amorphous material may be disposed adjacent a bottom surface of a tunnel junction, within a free layer, or both. An MTJ memory cell with improved thermal stability and decreased Neel coupling is achieved.

摘要翻译： 制造MTJ记忆单元的方法及其结构。 在反铁磁层和MTJ存储单元的被钉扎层之间设置扩散阻挡层，以改善MTJ存储单元的热稳定性。 扩散阻挡层可以包括无定形材料或NiFe合金。 无定形材料可以设置在隧道结的底表面附近，在自由层内或两者之间。 实现了具有改进的热稳定性和降低的Neel耦合的MTJ存储单元。

公开(公告)号：US20050014342A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-20

申请号：US10622422

申请日：2003-07-18

申请人： Daniel Worledge ,  Ulrich Klostermann ,  Wolfgang Raberg ,  Stephen Brown

发明人： Daniel Worledge ,  Ulrich Klostermann ,  Wolfgang Raberg ,  Stephen Brown

IPC分类号： H01C7/00 ,  H01L21/02 ,  H01L27/08 ,  H01L21/8234 ,  H01L21/8244

CPC分类号： H01L28/24 ,  H01C7/006 ,  H01L27/0802

摘要： An improved scalable, resistive element for use in a semiconductor device that can be produced with a small feature size and precise resistance is provided by the present invention. The resistive element includes a base layer positioned on top of a metal line. A seed layer of is deposited on top of the base layer. A thin barrier layer of Al is deposited on top of the seed layer and oxidized. A non-magnetic metal layer is then deposited on top of the barrier layer. The base layer and the non-magnetic metal layer form electrodes on either side of the barrier layer. The barrier layer is thin enough that a tunneling current can travel between the electrodes. The resulting resistive element may be constructed with a high resistance and a very small feature size.

摘要翻译： 通过本发明提供了一种用于半导体器件的改进的可扩展的电阻元件，其可以以小的特征尺寸和精确的电阻产生。 电阻元件包括位于金属线顶部的基层。 种子层沉积在基层的顶部。 Al的薄势垒层沉积在种子层的顶部并被氧化。 然后将非磁性金属层沉积在阻挡层的顶部上。 基极层和非磁性金属层在势垒层的两侧形成电极。 阻挡层足够薄，使得隧道电流可以在电极之间行进。 所得到的电阻元件可以被构造成具有高电阻和非常小的特征尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US20060019487A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-26

申请号：US10899488

申请日：2004-07-26

申请人： Rainer Leuschner ,  Wolfgang Raberg ,  Stephen Brown ,  Frank Findeis ,  Sivanandha Kanakasabapathy ,  Michael Vieth

发明人： Rainer Leuschner ,  Wolfgang Raberg ,  Stephen Brown ,  Frank Findeis ,  Sivanandha Kanakasabapathy ,  Michael Vieth

IPC分类号： H01L21/4763

CPC分类号： G11C11/16 ,  H01L21/76844 ,  H01L21/76846 ,  H01L21/76849 ,  H01L21/76874 ,  H01L27/222

摘要： Methods of forming ferromagnetic liners on the top surface and sidewalls of conductive lines of magnetic memory devices. The ferromagnetic liners increase the flux concentration of current run through the conductive lines, reducing the amount of write current needed to switch magnetic memory cells. In one embodiment, an in-bound pole is formed at the bottom edge of conductive lines, further concentrating the flux.

摘要翻译： 在磁存储器件的导线的顶表面和侧壁上形成铁磁衬垫的方法。 铁磁衬垫增加通过导线的电流的通量浓度，减少了切换磁存储单元所需的写入电流。 在一个实施例中，在导线的底部边缘处形成入极，进一步集中焊剂。

公开(公告)号：US20070297218A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-27

申请号：US11452741

申请日：2006-06-14

申请人： David Abraham ,  Stephen Brown ,  Stuart Parkin ,  Daniel Worledge

发明人： David Abraham ,  Stephen Brown ,  Stuart Parkin ,  Daniel Worledge

IPC分类号： G11C11/00

CPC分类号： G11C11/16

摘要： A semiconductor device formed between a wordline and a bitline comprises a growth layer, an antiferromagnetic layer formed on the growth layer, a pinned layer formed on the antiferromagnetic layer, a tunnel barrier layer formed on the pinned layer, and a free layer formed on the tunnel barrier. The wordline and bitline are arranged substantially orthogonal to one another. The growth layer, in turn, comprises tantalum and has a thickness greater than about 75 Angstroms. Moreover, the pinned layer comprises one or more pinned ferromagnetic sublayers. The tunnel barrier comprises magnesium oxide. Finally, the free layer comprises two or more free ferromagnetic sublayers, each free ferromagnetic sublayer having a magnetic anisotropy axis that is oriented about 45 degrees from the wordline and bitline. The semiconductor device may comprise, for example, a magnetic tunnel junction for use in magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) circuitry.

摘要翻译： 形成在字线和位线之间的半导体器件包括生长层，形成在生长层上的反铁磁层，形成在反铁磁性层上的被钉扎层，形成在钉扎层上的隧道势垒层，以及形成在该引线层上的自由层 隧道屏障。 字线和位线彼此基本正交地布置。 生长层又包括钽，其厚度大于约75埃。 此外，被钉扎层包括一个或多个钉扎铁磁子层。 隧道势垒包括氧化镁。 最后，自由层包括两个或更多个自由铁磁子层，每个自由铁磁子层具有与字线和位线约45度的磁各向异性轴。 半导体器件可以包括例如用于磁阻随机存取存储器（MRAM）电路中的磁性隧道结。

公开(公告)号：US08870883B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-28

申请号：US13016774

申请日：2011-01-28

申请人： Robert Metzger ,  Stephen Brown ,  Garrett A. Sheffer

发明人： Robert Metzger ,  Stephen Brown ,  Garrett A. Sheffer

IPC分类号： A61B17/56 ,  A61B17/15 ,  A61B17/14 ,  A61B17/02

CPC分类号： A61B17/155 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/14 ,  A61B17/142 ,  A61B17/157

摘要： Various method and apparatuses may be used to perform a procedure, such as a resection of a portion of the anatomy for preparation of the implants of a prosthetic. Various resecting member, including saw blades having selected geometries and shapes, can be used to assist in the resection of an anatomy to provide for implantation of a prosthetic. In addition, a cutting block assembly may be used to guide the resecting member. The cutting block assembly may be moveably mounted relative to the portion to be resected.

摘要翻译： 可以使用各种方法和装置来执行手术，例如切除解剖结构的一部分以准备假体的植入物。 可以使用包括具有选定几何形状和形状的锯片的各种切除构件来辅助切除解剖结构以提供假体植入。 此外，可以使用切割块组件来引导切除部件。 切割块组件可相对于要切除的部分可移动地安装。

公开(公告)号：US08663956B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-04

申请号：US13588322

申请日：2012-08-17

申请人： Sarah McFarland ,  Stephen Brown ,  Sheryl Luttringer

发明人： Sarah McFarland ,  Stephen Brown ,  Sheryl Luttringer

IPC分类号： C12N1/15

CPC分类号： C12N15/8243 ,  C12N9/88

摘要： Provided herein are host cells comprising carbonic anhydrase activity, wherein the cells are capable of producing C4-dicarboxylic acid. Also provided are methods of producing C4-dicarboxylic acid comprising (a) cultivating the host cells having carbonic anhydrase activity in a medium under suitable conditions to produce C4-dicarboxylic acid; and (b) recovering the C4-dicarboxylic acid.

摘要翻译： 本文提供了包含碳酸酐酶活性的宿主细胞，其中细胞能够产生C4-二羧酸。 还提供了生产C4-二羧酸的方法，其包括（a）在合适条件下培养在培养基中具有碳酸酐酶活性的宿主细胞以产生C4-二羧酸; 和（b）回收C4-二羧酸。

公开(公告)号：US08597180B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-03

申请号：US13166878

申请日：2011-06-23

申请人： Thomas John Hector Copeland ,  Cormac O'Prey ,  Rebecca Ann Wilkins ,  Daniel Leonard Fuller ,  Stephen Brown ,  Christopher John Silk ,  Trevor Beckett

发明人： Thomas John Hector Copeland ,  Cormac O'Prey ,  Rebecca Ann Wilkins ,  Daniel Leonard Fuller ,  Stephen Brown ,  Christopher John Silk ,  Trevor Beckett

IPC分类号： A61B1/32

CPC分类号： A61B17/0218 ,  A61B17/3423 ,  A61B17/3431 ,  A61B17/3439 ,  A61B2017/0225 ,  A61B2017/3427 ,  A61B2017/3488

摘要： A surgical access assembly for positioning within an opening in tissue including an outer member positionable outside a patient and defining an opening therein to receive a surgical instrument. The outer member has a first portion and a second portion wherein at least one of the first and second portions is movable with respect to the other portion. The assembly also includes an inner member positionable within a patient and a flexible member extending between the inner member and outer member, wherein movement of one of the first and second portions of the outer member adjusts tension on the flexible member to retract tissue. A locking mechanism locks the outer member in a plurality of select expanded positions. The locking mechanism includes first engagement structure on the first portion engageable with the second portion and a slidable member movable to a locking position to retain the first and second portions in the select expanded position.

公开(公告)号：US08574886B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-05

申请号：US13401663

申请日：2012-02-21

申请人： Regine Behr ,  William Widner ,  Maria Tang ,  Stephen Brown ,  Leslie Naggiar ,  Linda Sternberg

发明人： Alan Sloma ,  Regine Behr ,  William Widner ,  Maria Tang ,  David Sternberg ,  Stephen Brown

IPC分类号： C12N1/20 ,  C12N15/74 ,  C12N15/00 ,  C12P19/04 ,  C12P19/26 ,  C12P19/28 ,  C12P1/00 ,  C12P21/06 ,  C07H21/04

CPC分类号： C12P19/26 ,  C12N9/1051 ,  C12N15/52

摘要： The present invention relates to methods for producing a hyaluronic acid, comprising: (a) cultivating a Bacillus host cell under conditions suitable for production of the hyaluronic acid, wherein the Bacillus host cell comprises a nucleic acid construct comprising a hyaluronan synthase encoding sequence operably linked to a promoter sequence foreign to the hyaluronan synthase encoding sequence; and (b) recovering the hyaluronic acid from the cultivation medium. The present invention also relates to an isolated nucleic acid sequence encoding a hyaluronan synthase operon comprising a hyaluronan synthase gene and a UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase gene, and optionally one or more genes selected from the group consisting of a UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase gene, and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase gene. The present invention also relates to isolated nucleic acid sequences encoding a UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及透明质酸的制备方法，其包括：（a）在适于产生透明质酸的条件下培养芽孢杆菌属宿主细胞，其中所述芽孢杆菌宿主细胞包含可操作地连接的透明质酸合酶编码序列的核酸构建体 涉及透明质酸合酶编码序列外源的启动子序列; 和（b）从培养基中回收透明质酸。 本发明还涉及编码包含透明质酸合酶基因和UDP-葡萄糖-6-脱氢酶基因的透明质酸合酶操纵子的分离的核酸序列，以及任选地一种或多种选自UDP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶基因， UDP-N-乙酰葡糖胺焦磷酸化酶基因和葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶基因。 本发明还涉及编码UDP-葡萄糖-6-脱氢酶，UDP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶和UDP-N-乙酰葡糖胺焦磷酸化酶的分离的核酸序列。

公开(公告)号：US20120041269A1

公开(公告)日：2012-02-16

申请号：US13166878

申请日：2011-06-23

申请人： Thomas John Hector Copeland ,  Cormac O'Prey ,  Rebecca Ann Wilkins ,  Daniel Leonard Fuller ,  Stephen Brown ,  Christopher John Silk ,  Trevor Beckett

发明人： Thomas John Hector Copeland ,  Cormac O'Prey ,  Rebecca Ann Wilkins ,  Daniel Leonard Fuller ,  Stephen Brown ,  Christopher John Silk ,  Trevor Beckett

IPC分类号： A61B1/32

CPC分类号： A61B17/0218 ,  A61B17/3423 ,  A61B17/3431 ,  A61B17/3439 ,  A61B2017/0225 ,  A61B2017/3427 ,  A61B2017/3488

摘要： A surgical access assembly for positioning within an opening in tissue including an outer member positionable outside a patient and defining an opening therein to receive a surgical instrument. The outer member has a first portion and a second portion wherein at least one of the first and second portions is movable with respect to the other portion. The assembly also includes an inner member positionable within a patient and a flexible member extending between the inner member and outer member, wherein movement of one of the first and second portions of the outer member adjusts tension on the flexible member to retract tissue. A locking mechanism locks the outer member in a plurality of select expanded positions. The locking mechanism includes first engagement structure on the first portion engageable with the second portion and a slidable member movable to a locking position to retain the first and second portions in the select expanded position.

摘要翻译： 一种用于定位在组织中的开口内的外科进入组件，包括可定位在患者外部并在其中限定其中的开口以接收外科器械的外部构件。 外部构件具有第一部分和第二部分，其中第一和第二部分中的至少一个可相对于另一部分移动。 组件还包括可定位在患者体内的内部构件和在内部构件和外部构件之间延伸的柔性构件，其中外部构件的第一和第二部分中的一个的运动调节柔性构件上的张力以缩回组织。 锁定机构将外部构件锁定在多个选择的扩张位置。 锁定机构包括可与第二部分接合的第一部分上的第一接合结构和可移动到锁定位置以将第一和第二部分保持在选择扩张位置的可滑动构件。