摘要:
The present invention provides compositions comprising the ligand binding domain (LBD) of a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in crystalline form. In alternative embodiments, the LBD of FXR is complexed with a ligand therefor. There are provided high resolution structures of FXR complexed with a novel high affinity agonist, fexaramine. The discovered structure of a FXR LBD provides the first three-dimensional view of the structural basis for FXR ligand binding. The present invention further provides a computer for producing a three-dimensional representation of FXR or a complex thereof, and a computer for determining at least a portion of the structure coordinates of FXR or a complex thereof. The present invention further provides methods of using this structural information to predict molecules capable of binding to FXR; to identify compounds with agonist, antagonist or partial agonist activity for FXR; and to determine whether a test compound is capable of binding to the LBD of FXR. The present invention further provides compositions comprising compounds identified by such invention methods.
摘要:
The present invention provides compositions comprising the ligand binding domain (LBD) of a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in crystalline form. In alternative embodiments, the LBD of FXR is complexed with a ligand therefor. There are provided high resolution structures of FXR complexed with a novel high affinity agonist fexaramine. The discovered structure of a FXR LBD provides the first three-dimensional view of the structural basis for FXR ligand binding. The present invention further provides a computer for producing a time-dimensional representation of FXR or a complex thereof, and a computer for determining at least a portion of the structure coordinates of FXR or a complex thereof. The present invention further provides methods of using this structural information to predict molecules capable of binding to FXR; to identify compounds with agonist, antagonist or partial agonist activity for FXR; and to determine whether a test compound is capable of binding to the LBD of FXR. The present invention further provides compositions comprising compounds identified by such invention methods.
摘要:
The present invention provides compositions comprising the ligand binding domain (LBD) of a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in crystalline form. In alternative embodiments, the LBD of FXR is complexed with a ligand therefor. There are provided high resolution structures of FXR complexed with a novel high affinity agonist fexaramine. The discovered structure of a FXR LBD provides the first three-dimensional view of the structural basis for FXR ligand binding. The present invention further provides a computer for producing a time-dimensional representation of FXR or a complex thereof, and a computer for determining at least a portion of the structure coordinates of FXR or a complex thereof. The present invention further provides methods of using this structural information to predict molecules capable of binding to FXR; to identify compounds with agonist, antagonist or partial agonist activity for FXR; and to determine whether a test compound is capable of binding to the LBD of FXR. The present invention further provides compositions comprising compounds identified by such invention methods.
摘要:
The present invention relates to isolated polynucleotides encoding a family of silencing mediators of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT) isoforms, including vertebrate and invertebrate isoforms thereof. The invention also relates to polypeptide SMRT co-repressors encoded by invention SMRT polynucleotides, and to peptide portions thereof that can modulate transcriptional potential of a nuclear receptor. In addition, the invention relates to chimeric molecules and to complexes containing a SMRT co-repressor or peptide portion thereof, to antibodies that specifically bind such compositions, and to methods for identifying an agent that modulates the repressor potential of a SMRT co-repressor. The invention also provides methods for identifying an agent that modulates a function of a SMRT co-repressor; for modulating the transcriptional potential of a nuclear receptor in a cell using the compositions of the invention; and for identifying a molecule that interacts specifically with a SMRT co-repressor.
摘要:
The efficient regulation of cholesterol synthesis, metabolism, acquisition, and transport is an essential component of lipid homeostasis. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a transcriptional sensor for bile acids, the primary product of cholesterol metabolism. Accordingly, the development of potent, selective, small molecule agonists, partial agonists, and antagonists of FXR would be an important step in further deconvoluting FXR physiology. In accordance with the present invention, the identification of novel potent FXR activators is described. Two derivatives of invention compounds, bearing stilbene or biaryl moieties, contain members that are the most potent FXR agonists reported to date in cell-based assays. These compounds are useful as chemical tools to further define the physiological role of FXR as well as therapeutic leads for the treatment of diseases linked to cholesterol, bile acids and their metabolism and homeostasis.
摘要:
Provided herein are methods and compositions for improving muscle performance and increasing endurance. Agonists of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) can be used in such treatments.
摘要:
The method provides methods and compositions for treating metabolic disorders such as impaired glucose tolerance, elevated blood glucose, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, obesity, and fatty liver.
摘要:
Provided herein is, inter alia, methods and compositions useful in therapeutic interrogation of complex physiologic pathways by massively parallel and permissive transcriptional screening. Thus, methods and compositions are provided herein that are useful for high-throughput functional analysis of complex, transcriptionally regulated physiological pathways. While examples are provided relating to nuclear receptors, the methods and composition can be generalized and applied to any class of transcription factor or any class of gene product that can regulate the activity of transcription. For example, in addition to nuclear receptors, the methods and compositions provided herein are generally applicable to all known transcription factors and any gene encoded product that modulates said transcription factor activity. Moreover, data obtained through the methods provided herein are directly comparable thereby facilitating high-throughput functional analysis.
摘要:
This application relates to methods of treating, preventing, and ameliorating fibrosis, such as fibrosis of the liver. In particular, the application relates to methods of using a vitamin D receptor agonist (such as vitamin D, vitamin D analogs, vitamin D precursors, and vitamin D receptor agonists precursors) for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Also disclosed are methods for screening for agents that treat, prevent, and ameliorate fibrosis.
摘要:
DNA segments have been discovered, and characterized by sequence, which are response elements operative to confer responsiveness to ligands for several members of the steroid/thyroid superfamily of receptors, for the transcriptional activation and/or repression of promoters in cells. By using transcriptional control regions comprising response elements of the present invention in combination with a functional promoter, it is now possible to provide recombinant DNA vectors containing a gene, the transcription (and, thereby, also expression) of which is under the control of a promoter, the transcriptional activity of which is responsive to ligands for members of the steroid/thyroid superfamily of receptors.