公开(公告)号：US06486673B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-26

申请号：US09488241

申请日：2000-01-20

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Markus Zahn ,  Wayne D. Ryan ,  Yanko Sheiretov ,  Andrew Washabaugh

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Markus Zahn ,  Wayne D. Ryan ,  Yanko Sheiretov ,  Andrew Washabaugh

IPC分类号： G01R2726

CPC分类号： G01V3/088 ,  G01V3/104

摘要： A dielectrometer with a sensor face that carries an excitation electrode driven with a varying voltage. At least two sensing electrodes and a guard electrode are also carried by the sensor face. The sensing electrodes are adapted for single or multiple penetration depth measurements into a test material. The guard electrode surrounds the sensing electrodes and is at about the same voltage as the sensing electrodes.

摘要翻译： 具有传感器面的介电电感器，其具有以变化的电压驱动的激励电极。 至少两个感测电极和保护电极也由传感器面承载。 传感电极适用于测试材料的单次或多次穿透深度测量。 保护电极围绕感测电极并且与感测电极处于大致相同的电压。

公开(公告)号：US06781387B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-24

申请号：US10225406

申请日：2002-08-20

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Markus Zahn ,  Wayne D. Ryan ,  Ian C. Shay ,  Andrew Washabaugh

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Markus Zahn ,  Wayne D. Ryan ,  Ian C. Shay ,  Andrew Washabaugh

IPC分类号： G01R2726

CPC分类号： G01V3/088 ,  G01V3/104

摘要： Described is an inspection method for detecting defects in dielectic test materials using a penetrant material and a dielectric sensor. The penetrant material provides differing dielectric properties from test material and improves the dielectric contrast between defects substantially filled by the penetrant and the test material. The penetrant can be a liquid, such as water, or a powder, as long as it provides a substantially different complex permittivity than the test material.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用渗透材料和电介质传感器检测介电试验材料中的缺陷的检查方法。 渗透材料提供与测试材料不同的介电性能，并改善基本上由渗透剂填充的缺陷和测试材料之间的介电对比度。 渗透剂可以是液体，例如水或粉末，只要其提供与测试材料基本上不同的复介电常数即可。

公开(公告)号：US6144206A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-07

申请号：US3390

申请日：1998-01-06

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Markus Zahn ,  Wayne D. Ryan

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Markus Zahn ,  Wayne D. Ryan

IPC分类号： G01V3/08 ,  G01V3/10 ,  G01R33/12

CPC分类号： G01V3/088 ,  G01V3/104

摘要： A detection apparatus discriminates between metallic mines and other buried objects by detecting the depth of the object, the size, the shape and the orientation of the object and the electrical properties of the object. A magnetometer sensor detects objects containing metal located below the surface of the ground. This apparatus has a plurality of parallel, spaced linear conductor sets disposed in proximity to the ground. The conductor sets have varying numbers of individual conductors. An electromagnetic field is imposed in the ground with a dominant spatial wavelength through the conductor elements. A resulting electromagnetic response of the object in the ground to the imposed magnetic field is sensed.

摘要翻译： 检测装置通过检测物体的深度，物体的尺寸，形状和取向以及物体的电特性来区分金属矿和其他埋藏物体。 磁力计传感器检测包含位于地面以下的金属的物体。 该装置具有多个平行的间隔开的线性导体组，其布置在靠近地面的位置。 导体组具有不同数量的单个导体。 电磁场通过导体元件施加在具有主要空间波长的地面中。 感测到物体在地面中对施加的磁场产生的电磁响应。

公开(公告)号：US06380747B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09310507

申请日：1999-05-12

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Markus Zahn ,  Alexander V. Mamishev ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Markus Zahn ,  Alexander V. Mamishev ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh

IPC分类号： G01R2908

CPC分类号： G01R27/2623

摘要： A method is disclosed for processing, optimization, calibration, and display of measured dielectrometry signals. A property estimator is coupled by way of instrumentation to an electrode structure and translates sensed electromagnetic responses into estimates of one or more preselected properties or dimensions of the material, such as dielectric permittivity and ohmic conductivity, layer thickness, or other physical properties that affect dielectric properties, or presence of other lossy dielectric or metallic objects. A dielectrometry sensor is disclosed which can be connected in various ways to have different effective penetration depths of electric fields but with all configurations having the same air-gap, fluid gap, or shim lift-off height, thereby greatly improving the performance of the property estimators by decreasing the number of unknowns. The sensor geometry consist of a periodic structure with, at any one time, a single sensing element that provides for multiple wavelength within the same sensor footprint.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理，优化，校准和显示测量的电导率信号的方法。 属性估计器通过仪器耦合到电极结构，并将感测到的电磁响应转换成材料的一个或多个预选属性或尺寸的估计，例如介电常数和欧姆电导率，层厚度或影响电介质的其它物理性质 性质或其他有损电介质或金属物体的存在。 公开了一种电介质传感器，其可以以各种方式连接以具有不同的有效穿透深度的电场，但是所有构造具有相同的气隙，流体间隙或垫片剥离高度，从而大大提高了性能的性能 通过减少未知数的估计。 传感器几何形状由周期性结构组成，在任何时间，单个传感元件可在同一传感器覆盖区内提供多个波长。

公开(公告)号：US20060265155A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11417328

申请日：2006-05-03

申请人： Neil Goldfine ,  Markus Zahn ,  Alexander Mamishey ,  Darrell Schlicker ,  Andrew Washabaugh

发明人： Neil Goldfine ,  Markus Zahn ,  Alexander Mamishey ,  Darrell Schlicker ,  Andrew Washabaugh

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01R27/2623

摘要： A method is disclosed for processing, optimization, calibration, and display of measured dielectrometry signals. A property estimator is coupled by way of instrumentation to an electrode structure and translates sensed electromagnetic responses into estimates of one or more preselected properties or dimensions of the material, such as dielectric permittivity and ohmic conductivity, layer thickness, or other physical properties that affect dielectric properties, or presence of other lossy dielectric or metallic objects. A dielectrometry sensor is disclosed which can be connected in various ways to have different effective penetration depths of electric fields but with all configurations having the same air-gap, fluid gap, or shim lift-off height, thereby greatly improving the performance of the property estimators by decreasing the number of unknowns. The sensor geometry consist of a periodic structure with, at any one time, a single sensing element that provides for multiple wavelength within the same sensor footprint.

公开(公告)号：US08945393B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-03

申请号：US13369338

申请日：2012-02-09

申请人： Markus Zahn ,  T. Alan Hatton ,  Shahriar Rohinton Khushrushahi

发明人： Markus Zahn ,  T. Alan Hatton ,  Shahriar Rohinton Khushrushahi

IPC分类号： B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/02 ,  C02F1/38 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F1/68 ,  B01D17/04 ,  B01D17/06 ,  C02F1/48 ,  B03C11/00 ,  C02F1/28

CPC分类号： C02F1/488 ,  B01D17/047 ,  B01D17/06 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/02 ,  B03C11/00 ,  B03C2201/18 ,  C02F1/281 ,  C02F1/681 ,  Y10S210/925

摘要： Method for oil removal. The method includes adding a magnetizable material, with or without appropriately selected surfactants, of order micron (having no net magnetization) or nanometer size to magnetize the oil or water phase by either making a ferrofluid, magnetorheological fluid, a magnetic Pickering emulsion (oil in water or water in oil emulsion), or any other process to magnetize either oil or water phases. The magnetized fluid is separated from the non-magnetic phase using novel or existing magnetic separation techniques or by permanent magnets or electromagnets thereby separating oil and water phases. The magnetized particles are separated from the magnetized phase using novel or existing magnetic separation techniques to recover and reuse the particles. The two magnetic separation steps can be repeated to further increase recovery efficiency of the liquid phases and the magnetizable particles reused in this continuous process.

摘要翻译： 除油方法 该方法包括添加具有或不具有适当选择的表面活性剂的可磁化材料，其具有微米级（无净磁化强度）或纳米尺寸以通过制备铁磁流体，磁流变流体，磁性Pickering乳液（在 水或油包水乳液）或任何其他磁化油相或水相的过程。 使用新的或现有的磁分离技术或永久磁铁或电磁铁将磁化流体与非磁性相分离，从而分离油相和水相。 使用新的或现有的磁分离技术将磁化的颗粒与磁化相分离以回收和再利用颗粒。 可以重复两个磁选分离步骤，以进一步提高在该连续过程中重新使用的液相和可磁化颗粒的回收效率。

公开(公告)号：US08093896B2

公开(公告)日：2012-01-10

申请号：US12442235

申请日：2007-09-21

申请人： Markus Zahn

发明人： Markus Zahn

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/34046 ,  G01R33/281 ,  G01R33/3678 ,  G01R33/4808 ,  G01R33/5601

摘要： The present invention relates to a spherical design for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coil to provide a compact and light-weight highly uniform magnetic field for a variety of medical imaging applications. A preferred embodiment of the invention provides a transportable MRI system in which the spherical electromagnet can be worn like a helmet by patients for diagnosis and assessment of traumatic brain injuries, for example.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于磁共振成像（MRI）线圈的球形设计，以为各种医学成像应用提供紧凑且重量轻的高度均匀的磁场。 本发明的优选实施例提供了一种可运输的MRI系统，其中例如，球形电磁体可以像患者头盔一样穿戴用于诊断和评估创伤性脑损伤。

公开(公告)号：US07956382B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-07

申请号：US10350769

申请日：2003-01-24

申请人： Clifton G. Fonstad, Jr. ,  Markus Zahn

发明人： Clifton G. Fonstad, Jr. ,  Markus Zahn

IPC分类号： H01L29/82

CPC分类号： H01L24/95 ,  H01L21/2007 ,  H01L21/6835 ,  H01L21/76251 ,  H01L21/8252 ,  H01L24/29 ,  H01L24/97 ,  H01L25/167 ,  H01L25/18 ,  H01L25/50 ,  H01L27/15 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L2224/29 ,  H01L2224/29101 ,  H01L2224/29298 ,  H01L2224/95085 ,  H01L2224/95144 ,  H01L2224/95145 ,  H01L2924/00011 ,  H01L2924/00013 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01006 ,  H01L2924/01013 ,  H01L2924/01015 ,  H01L2924/01019 ,  H01L2924/01023 ,  H01L2924/01024 ,  H01L2924/01027 ,  H01L2924/01033 ,  H01L2924/01039 ,  H01L2924/01078 ,  H01L2924/01082 ,  H01L2924/01094 ,  H01L2924/0132 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/09701 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/10329 ,  H01L2924/12042 ,  H01L2924/12043 ,  H01L2924/13063 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  Y10T29/5313 ,  Y10T29/53196 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2224/29099 ,  H01L2224/29199 ,  H01L2224/29299 ,  H01L2224/2929

摘要： A wafer having heterostructure therein is formed using a substrate with recesses formed within a dielectric layer. A magnetized magnetic layer or a polarized electret material is formed at the bottom of each recess. The magnetized magnetic layer or a polarized electret material provides a predetermined magnetic or electrical field pattern. A plurality of heterostructures is formed from on an epitaxial wafer wherein each heterostructure has formed thereon a non-magnetized magnetic layer that is attracted to the magnetized magnetic layer formed at the bottom of each recess or dielectric layer that is attracted to the polarized electret material formed at the bottom of each recess. The plurality of heterostructures is etched from the epitaxial wafer to form a plurality of heterostructure pills. The plurality of heterostructure pills is slurried over the surface of the dielectric layer so that individual heterostructure pills can fall into a recess and be retained therein due to the strong short-range magnetic or electrical attractive force between the magnetized magnetic layer in the recess and the non-magnetized magnetic layer on the heterostructure pill or between the polarized electret material in the recess and the dielectric on the heterostructure pill. Any excess heterostructure pills that are not retained in a recess formed within the dielectric layer are removed and an overcoat is applied to form a substantial planar surface.

摘要翻译： 其中具有异质结构的晶片使用在介电层内形成有凹陷的基板形成。 在每个凹部的底部形成磁化的磁性层或极化的驻极体材料。 磁化磁性层或极化驻极体材料提供预定的磁场或电场图案。 从外延晶片上形成多个异质结构，其中每个异质结构形成有非磁化磁性层，该非磁化磁性层被吸引到被形成在被形成于所形成的极化驻极体材料的每个凹部或电介质层的底部的磁化磁性层 在每个凹槽的底部。 从外延晶片蚀刻多个异质结构以形成多个异质结构丸。 多个异质结构丸在电介质层的表面上浆化，使得各个异质结构丸可以落入凹槽中并由于在凹陷中的磁化磁性层和 非磁化磁性层在异质结构丸上或凹陷中的极化驻极体材料和异质结构丸上的电介质之间。 除去不保留在电介质层内形成的凹部中的任何过量异质结构丸，并施加外涂层以形成基本的平坦表面。

公开(公告)号：US06825049B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-30

申请号：US10350775

申请日：2003-01-24

申请人： Clifton G. Fonstad, Jr. ,  Markus Zahn

发明人： Clifton G. Fonstad, Jr. ,  Markus Zahn

IPC分类号： H01L2100

CPC分类号： H01L24/95 ,  H01L21/2007 ,  H01L21/6835 ,  H01L21/76251 ,  H01L21/8252 ,  H01L24/29 ,  H01L24/97 ,  H01L25/167 ,  H01L25/18 ,  H01L25/50 ,  H01L27/15 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L2224/29 ,  H01L2224/29101 ,  H01L2224/29298 ,  H01L2224/95085 ,  H01L2224/95144 ,  H01L2224/95145 ,  H01L2924/00011 ,  H01L2924/00013 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01006 ,  H01L2924/01013 ,  H01L2924/01015 ,  H01L2924/01019 ,  H01L2924/01023 ,  H01L2924/01024 ,  H01L2924/01027 ,  H01L2924/01033 ,  H01L2924/01039 ,  H01L2924/01078 ,  H01L2924/01082 ,  H01L2924/01094 ,  H01L2924/0132 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/09701 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/10329 ,  H01L2924/12042 ,  H01L2924/12043 ,  H01L2924/13063 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  Y10T29/5313 ,  Y10T29/53196 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2224/29099 ,  H01L2224/29199 ,  H01L2224/29299 ,  H01L2224/2929

摘要： A wafer having heterostructure therein is formed using a substrate with recesses formed within a dielectric layer. A magnetized magnetic layer or a polarized electret material is formed at the bottom of each recess. The magnetized magnetic layer or a polarized electret material provides a predetermined magnetic or electrical field pattern. A plurality of heterostructures is formed from on an epitaxial wafer wherein each heterostructure has formed thereon a non-magnetized magnetic layer that is attracted to the magnetized magnetic layer formed at the bottom of each recess or dielectric layer that is attracted to the polarized electret material formed at the bottom of each recess. The plurality of heterostructures is etched from the epitaxial wafer to form a plurality of heterostructure pills. The plurality of heterostructure pills is slurried over the surface of the dielectric layer so that individual heterostructure pills can fall into a recess and be retained therein due to the strong short-range magnetic or electrical attractive force between the magnetized magnetic layer in the recess and the non-magnetized magnetic layer on the heterostructure pill or between the polarized electret material in the recess and the dielectric on the heterostructure pill. Any excess heterostructure pills that are not retained in a recess formed within the dielectric layer are removed and an overcoat is applied to form a substantial planar surface.

公开(公告)号：US4312735A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-26

申请号：US160143

申请日：1980-06-16

申请人： Patrick G. Grimes ,  Markus Zahn ,  Richard J. Bellows

发明人： Patrick G. Grimes ,  Markus Zahn ,  Richard J. Bellows

IPC分类号： C25B15/06 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M8/04 ,  C25B15/08 ,  C25B9/04 ,  C25C7/00 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M2/40 ,  C25B15/06 ,  H01M8/04276

摘要： Shunt currents can be eliminated in electrochemical devices by introducing nulling currents via auxiliary electrodes. The invention teaches the reduction or elimination of these shunt currents in such devices with minimized power consumption. Shunt current nulling tunnels are provided which interconnect with electrolyte supply channels feeding the cells of the electrochemical device. Power consumption for the shunt current-nulling tunnels is reduced by designing the tunnels to have an increasing electrical resistance towards their mid-portions. Another embodiment of the invention features an increasing electrical resistance towards the mid-portion of the tunnels and a decreasing electrical resistance towards the mid-portion of the manifolds.

摘要翻译： 通过辅助电极引入零电流，可以在电化学装置中消除分流电流。 本发明教导了以最小的功率消耗减少或消除这些器件中的这些并联电流。 提供分流电流零通道，其与供给电化学装置的电池的电解质供应通道相互连接。 通过设计隧道以对其中间部分具有增加的电阻来减小分流电流 - 零通道的功率消耗。 本发明的另一个实施例的特征在于朝着隧道中部的电阻增加，并且朝向歧管中部的电阻减小。