摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus for the continuous flow production of polycrystalline silicon from metallic silicon or silicon oxide as a raw material and also for the manufacture of a wafer by using it, which process and apparatus permit the mass production at a low cost. The above object can be attained by the manufacture of polycrystalline silicon and a silicon wafer for a solar cell by the following steps: (A) smelting metallic silicon under reduced pressure, carrying out solidification for the removal of the impurity components from the melt, thereby obtaining a first ingot, (B) removing the impurity concentrated portion from the ingot by cutting, (C) re-melting the remaining portion, removing boron and carbon from the melt by oxidizing under an oxidizing atmosphere, and blowing a mixed gas of argon and water to carry out deoxidization, (D) casting the deoxidized melt into a mold, and carried out directional solidification to obtain a second ingot, and (E) removing the impurity concentrated portion of the ingot obtained by directional solidification by cutting.
摘要:
Process and apparatus for refining silicon by treatment in a graphite vessel with irradiation with an electron beam while removing impurity elements by evaporation. A single graphite vessel is used, or plural graphite vessels are arranged in sequence. During treatment in successive graphite vessels, molten silicon is poured in succession from one vessel to another. Use of graphite vessels improves heat efficiency, prevents contamination and produces refined silicon containing very low contents of impurities.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for purifying silicon, which are suitable for economical and mass production of high-purity silicon for solar cells from regular-grade silicon containing boron and carbon in large quantities. The method comprises directing a plasma jet stream of an inert gas toward the surface of molten silicon held in a container lined with silica or a silica-based refractory. For improved purification, the inert gas as the plasma gas is mixed with 0.1-10 vol % steam and/or less than 1 g of silica powder per liter of the inert gas at normal state. Alternatively, the container may have a bottom opening and is provided with an electrode having a cooling means underneath the bottom of the container, with the electrode and the cathode of the plasma torch connected to a power source for plasma generation, so that the plasma jet and electron beam are directed toward the surface of molten silicon.
摘要:
Method for producing highly purified silicon for use in solar cells by a single solidification purification, pouring silicon into a mold and gradually fractionally solidifying it while solidifying the liquid surface, followed by purifying the solidified silicon by zone melting or continuous casting using an electromagnetic mold, or by zone melting in combination with continuous casting, and optionally causing directional solidification to concentrate impurities, leaching and recycling.
摘要:
An acceleration sensor comprises a fixed case member and a cover assembly collectively defining a closed space in which the oscillation plate and the piezoelectric element received therein. The oscillation plate and the piezoelectric element are oscillatably supported by a supporting portion formed on the central bottom portion of the fixed case member. The oscillation plate and the piezoelectric element are integrally oscillatable in two different modes consisting of: a 1/1 oscillation mode where the oscillation plate is irregularly deformed to have the peripheral portion oscillated with a single vector in the oscillation direction of the oscillation plate when the oscillation plate is oscillated with respect to the fixed case member at a resonance frequency f0; and a 1/2 oscillation mode where the oscillation plate is irregularly deformed to have two different half parts of the peripheral portion oscillated with their respective different vectors opposite to each other in the oscillation direction of the oscillation plate when the oscillation plate is oscillated with respect to the fixed case member at a noise frequency f01, and the resonance frequency f0 and the noise frequency f01 are out of the range of effective oscillation frequencies. Thus constructed acceleration sensor is of high performance and appropriate for automatic production at a low cost.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electronic component of laminated ceramics such as a laminated ceramic capacitor in which, when a ceramic paste is applied on a ceramic green sheet in order to substantially eliminate steps caused by the thickness of a film of inner circuit elements such as an inner electrode, the ceramic paste is prevented from generating a gap between the paste and the film of inner circuit elements, or the thickness of the ceramic paste is prevented from being increased, by allowing the paste to overflow the film of inner circuit elements, even when the application position has been a little shifted, wherein an inclined face is formed at the periphery of an inner electrode that serves as the film of inner circuit elements, the ceramic paste being applied so as to overlap the periphery of the inner electrode, and wherein the used ceramic paste contains about 40% by weight to 85% by weight of solvents in order to facilitate smooth leveling of the applied ceramic paste.
摘要:
In a system constituted by using the Internet techniques, there is provided a network system which can spontaneously transmit data from a server machine to a desired user terminal. The network system is a server-client type network system including a server machine 10 for storing the data of a plurality of pages which are described in a language along the specification of the HTML to be hyperlinked, and a plurality of user terminals 30 for displaying a page of the server machine on a display by using a Web browser. The server machine 10 includes a data transmission unit 80 for spontaneously transmitting the data described in the language along the specification of the HTML to an arbitrary user terminal. Each of the user terminals 30 monitors reception of the spontaneously transmitted data by using the Web browser and displays the received spontaneously transmitted data on the display.
摘要:
A projection type display system having an optical modulation unit which modulates light from a light source in response to preselected video signal data, a projection lens system for projecting the modulated light onto a display screen, and a focal adjustment device which is configured to alter the focal state of a resulting image which is focused onto the screen. The focal state is adjusted by translating the relative position of one or more lenses in the projection lens system with respect to the screen. The focal adjustment device further incorporates a range finding unit which determines the distance between the projection lens system and the targeted display screen, typically using a beam of invisible light, and an automatic adjustment element which adjusts the focal point of the projection lens system to optimally match the determined distance.
摘要:
An image processing apparatus scans an image of a document into image data, splits the image data into a plurality of areas to generate split image data, magnifies the split image data, and aggregates the magnified split image data at least based on a font size of one or more characters included in the split image data.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a laminated ceramic electronic component is provided in which a plurality of ceramic green sheets having printed strip inner electrodes patterns, each including a thick portion at a width-direction center and thin portions at respective width-direction sides of the thick portion, are laminated so that the thin portions overlap and the thick portions do not overlap to form an unfired mother laminated body. This unfired mother laminated body is cut along predetermined cut lines that are vertical to each other to obtain a plurality of unfired ceramic element assemblies. By applying ceramic paste to cover exposed portions of inner electrode patterns exposed to lateral surfaces, side gap areas are formed between a first inner electrode pattern and first and second lateral surfaces of the unfired ceramic element assembly and between a second inner electrode pattern and the first and second lateral surfaces.