摘要:
A back-end guard bed is located downstream of and in series with a nickel catalyst-containing sulfur trap to remove the organosulfur-nickel complex formed in the nickel catalyst-containing sulfur trap and passed along with the product therefrom during periods of hydrofiner upset, or such other periods when sulfur concentration, flow rate and operating temperature of the feed passed from the hydrofiner through the nickel catalyst-containing sulfur trap forms the organosulfur-nickel complex.
摘要:
A fluid catalytic cracking process for producing relatively low emissions fuels. The feedstock is relatively low in nitrogen and aromatics and high in hydrogen content and the catalyst is a mixture of zeolite-Y and ZSM-5, or an amorphous acid catalytic material with ZSM-5, or a combination of all three. The feedstock can be characterized as having less than about 50 wppm nitrogen; greater than about 13 wt. % hydrogen; less than about 7.5 wt. % 2+ ring aromatic cores; and not more than about 15 wt. % aromatic cores overall.
摘要:
A catalyst is provided which comprises a crystalline silica zeolite, a hydrogenation component and a support. The catalyst may be a physical mixture of the zeolite and the supported hydrogenation component or a composite catalyst. Hydrocarbon hydroprocessing processes such as hydroconversion and hydrodesulfurization utilizing the catalyst are also provided. The catalyst is particularly suited for the simultaneous pour point reduction and hydrodesulfurization of hydrocarbonaceous oils.
摘要:
A hydrodesulfurization process is provided in which a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feed comprising materials boiling above 1020.degree. F. is desulfurized at conditions to convert at least a portion of the 1020.degree. F..sup.+ materials, in the presence of hydrogen and a non-zeolitic hydrodesulfurization catalyst comprising a Group IIA metal component such as magnesia.
摘要:
A catalyst comprised of platinum, iridium, copper, selenium and halogen, composited with an inorganic oxide support or carrier, preferably alumina. The catalyst is one which possesses an intrinsically high activity, is stable, and can operate at reforming conditions at high severities.
摘要:
Highly crystalline stannosilicates are formed by reacting a tin salt with a source of silica and a hydroxide of a Group IA or Group IIA metal or an amine.
摘要:
A process wherein a regenerated, spent sulfided vanadium-containing Group VIII metal, Group VI-B metal, or Group VI-B/Group VIII metals containing catalyst is contacted with a stream of an oxygen-containing gas and the coke burned therefrom to regenerate the catalyst. The regenerated catalyst as such, or after reduction of the catalytic metals by contact with hydrogen, can be used as an adsorbent to remove essentially all of the sulfur from a naphtha feed which contains as much as 50 weight ppm sulfur, and greater.
摘要:
A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII nobel metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, and iridium or rhenium, or both, and sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid, or both. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by use of the catalyst during reforming.
摘要:
A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, and iridium or rhenium, or both, selenium, and sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid, or both. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by use of the catalyst during reforming.
摘要:
A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, iridium, and selenium. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by incorporating within such reforming catalyst at the time of its preparation an element, or a compound or salt of selenium. In another of its aspects the present invention embodies a reforming catalyst or catalyst composite comprising a refractory or inorganic oxide support material, particularly alumina, a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, to which iridium, and selenium, have been added to promote the activity and selectivity of the catalysts, and said catalyst is prepared by a method wherein selenium is introduced into and deposited throughout said support. Suitably, the reforming catalyst, or composite also contains a halogen component, particularly chlorine and preferably the selenium component is introduced into the support, or catalyst, by impregnating with a solution comprising an element, salt, acid or compound of selenium.