公开(公告)号：US4633705A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-06

申请号：US718547

申请日：1985-04-01

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen ,  Osmo Toikka

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen ,  Osmo Toikka

IPC: G01N27/74 ,  G01N27/76

CPC classification number: G01N27/74

Abstract: The invention relates to paramagnetic analyzer for measurement of oxygen contents of gas mixtures. The analyzer comprises electromagnet in a closed cavity controlled with chopped DC-current, sample and reference gas conduits entering the cavity and magnet core and common exit conduit. Gases are led to magnetic field in the gap between magnet poles through holes (13) and (14) drilled into the magnet core so that pedestals (15 and 16) in the gap guide gas flows to collide to be mixed. The mixed gas flows freely out from the gap to the surrounding cavity space (1).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于测量气体混合物的氧含量的顺磁性分析仪。 分析仪包括电磁铁，封闭空腔内控制有切断的直流电流，样品和参考气体导管进入空腔，磁芯和公共出口导管。 在磁极之间的间隙中，气体通过钻孔到磁芯中的孔（13）和（14）中的气体导致间隙引导气体中的基座（15和16）流动以碰撞而混合。 混合气体从间隙自由流出到周围空腔（1）。

公开(公告)号：US20070270706A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-22

申请号：US11438637

申请日：2006-05-22

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen ,  Markku Paloheimo ,  Juha Virtanen ,  Hanna Viertio-Oja ,  Petteri Lapinlampi

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen ,  Markku Paloheimo ,  Juha Virtanen ,  Hanna Viertio-Oja ,  Petteri Lapinlampi

IPC: A61B5/04

CPC classification number: A61B5/0535 ,  A61B5/0484 ,  A61B5/0496 ,  A61B5/4812

Abstract: The invention relates to a mechanism for determining the depth of sleep of a subject. In order to obtain information about the continuum of the depth of sleep in a user-friendly way without a need for high computational power, EEG signal data is obtained from a subject, REM sleep periods of the subject are detected, and a measure indicative of irregularity in the EEG signal data is derived. Based on the measure and the detected REM sleep periods, a sleep depth index and state information are produced, where the index is indicative of the depth of sleep of the subject and the state information indicates whether or not the EEG signal data is obtained during a REM sleep period. The detection of the REM periods may be based on a bioimpedance measured from EEG electrodes simultaneously with the EEG measurement or on EOG signal data measured from the subject.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定受试者睡眠深度的机制。 为了以用户友好的方式获得关于睡眠深度的连续性的信息，而不需要高计算能力，从受试者获得EEG信号数据，检测对象的REM睡眠周期，并且指示 导出EEG信号数据的不规则性。 基于测量和检测到的REM睡眠周期，产生睡眠深度指数和状态信息，其中索引指示被摄体的睡眠深度，并且状态信息指示是否在期间获得EEG信号数据 REM睡眠期。 REM周期的检测可以基于与EEG测量同时测量的EEG电极的生物阻抗或从受试者测量的EOG信号数据。

公开(公告)号：US5542414A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-06

申请号：US114673

申请日：1993-08-31

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen

IPC: A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/097 ,  A61M16/00 ,  A61G10/00 ,  A62B18/10 ,  F16K31/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/097 ,  A61B5/083

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a respiratory gas flow, comprising a gas collector unit (8), which separates an ambient gas space from that remaining inside the gas collector unit and in which a patient respires the gas contained in said gas collector unit. A conduit (7) flows a respiratory gas from one or more gas sources (1) into the gas collector unit (8) to be respired by a patient, and a conduit (14) delivers a respiratory gas, which at least partially contains a gas exhaled by a patient, from the gas collector unit (8) to a measuring device (13) for examination. The pressure difference between a gas space protected by the gas collected unit and a gas space existing outside it is indicated by a pressure-difference detecting element (17). A method for monitoring a respiratory gas flow compares the pressure of a respiratory gas existing inside the gas collector unit (8) with that prevailing outside the gas collector unit and adjust gas flows accordingly.

Abstract translation: 一种用于监测呼吸气体流量的装置，包括气体收集器单元（8），其将环境气体空间与剩余的气体收集器单元内部分离，并且患者呼吸所述气体收集器单元中包含的气体。 导管（7）将呼吸气体从一个或多个气体源（1）流入气体收集器单元（8）以由患者呼吸，并且导管（14）输送呼吸气体，呼吸气体至少部分含有 由患者呼出的气体，从气体收集器单元（8）到测量装置（13）进行检查。 由气体收集单元保护的气体空间与存在于其外部的气体空间之间的压力差由压力差检测元件（17）指示。 用于监测呼吸气体流量的方法将存在于气体收集器单元（8）内的呼吸气体的压力与气体收集器单元外部的压力进行比较，并相应地调节气体流量。

公开(公告)号：US20080167565A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-10

申请号：US11621213

申请日：2007-01-09

Applicant: Timo Laitio ,  Harry Scheinin ,  Heikki Huikuri ,  Hanna Viertio-Oja ,  Pekka Merilainen

Inventor： Timo Laitio ,  Harry Scheinin ,  Heikki Huikuri ,  Hanna Viertio-Oja ,  Pekka Merilainen

IPC: A61B5/0402

CPC classification number: A61B5/0205 ,  A61B5/02405 ,  A61B5/04012 ,  A61B5/0456 ,  A61B5/048 ,  A61B5/4809 ,  A61B5/4812

Abstract: Method and arrangement for obtaining diagnostic information of a patient, the method comprising the steps of carrying out heart rate measurements of the patient at least during two sleep stages before the operation to obtain preoperative heart rate data, carrying out measurements containing information related to the different stages of sleep that are synchronized with the heart rate measurements to obtain preoperative sleep stage data, and calculating a dynamic heart rate variability measures by utilizing non-linear analysis from heart rate data obtained and enabling comparison of the heart rate variability measure between at least two different stages of the sleep state.

Abstract translation: 用于获得患者的诊断信息的方法和装置，所述方法包括以下步骤：至少在手术前的两个睡眠阶段期间进行患者的心率测量，以获得术前心率数据，执行含有与不同 与心率测量同步的睡眠阶段以获得术前睡眠阶段数据，以及通过利用所获得的心率数据的非线性分析来计算动态心率变异性测量，并且使得能够在至少两个 不同阶段的睡眠状态。

公开(公告)号：US20050059899A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-17

申请号：US10667237

申请日：2003-09-17

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen ,  Hanna Vierti-Oja ,  Matti Huiku

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen ,  Hanna Vierti-Oja ,  Matti Huiku

IPC: A61B5/0408 ,  A61B5/0478 ,  A61B5/0484 ,  A61B5/04

CPC classification number: A61B5/4821 ,  A61B5/04085 ,  A61B5/0478 ,  A61B5/04845

Abstract: A method and system for combining active and passive neuromonitoring methods to measure biopotential signals in sedated ICU patients over the entire range of sedation from fully alert to the suppression of EEG. The system utilizes an integrated sensor that includes a sound generator and a plurality of EEG electrodes on a single, lightweight disposable component. The method of the present invention utilizes a control unit for switching between active and passive monitoring methods, depending upon the level of sedation. The control unit displays the results of active monitoring during levels of consciousness and light sedation and displays the results of passive monitoring during levels of deep sedation.

Abstract translation: 一种用于结合主动和被动神经监测方法来测量镇静ICU患者在完全警戒到抑制脑电的整个镇静范围内的生物电位信号的方法和系统。 该系统利用集成传感器，其包括在单个轻质一次性部件上的声发生器和多个EEG电极。 本发明的方法根据镇静水平利用控制单元来切换主动和被动监测方法。 控制单位在意识水平和轻度镇静状态下显示主动监测结果，并在深层镇静水平下显示被动监测结果。

公开(公告)号：US5335653A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-09

申请号：US864606

申请日：1992-04-07

Applicant: Kaj Blomqvist ,  Mika Mustonen ,  Asko Saarelainen ,  Pekka Merilainen

Inventor： Kaj Blomqvist ,  Mika Mustonen ,  Asko Saarelainen ,  Pekka Merilainen

IPC: A61B5/083 ,  A61M16/06 ,  A61M16/12 ,  A61M16/00

CPC classification number: A61M16/12 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61M16/0627 ,  A61M2230/432

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering respiratory gases to a patient maintains a mixture of gases stable and minimizes the effects of ambient air leakage. Some of the gases supplied to a gas collection unit in which the patient's head is placed are by-passed to a buffer space that partially surrounds the gas collection unit. The volume of the buffer space stabilizes the mixture and outflow from the buffer space minimizes ambient air leakage into the gas collection unit. Gases from the gas collection unit are supplied to a measuring unit for analyzing the gas respired by the patient.

Abstract translation: 用于将呼吸气体输送给患者的方法和装置维持气体混合物的稳定性并使环境空气泄漏的影响最小化。 供给到其中放置患者头部的气体收集单元的一些气体被旁路到部分地围绕气体收集单元的缓冲空间。 缓冲空间的体积使混合物和缓冲空间的流出稳定，使得气体收集单元中的环境空气泄漏最小化。 来自气体收集单元的气体被提供给用于分析由患者呼吸的气体的测量单元。

公开(公告)号：US06961603B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US10463500

申请日：2003-06-17

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen

IPC: A61B5/0402 ,  A61B5/0408 ,  A61B5/0478 ,  A61B5/04

CPC classification number: A61B5/685 ,  A61B5/04025 ,  A61B5/04085 ,  A61B5/0478

Abstract: A unitary, multi-electrode biopotential signal sensor is formed of injection molded plastic. A plurality of electrode areas containing spikes are defined in a base member of the sensor. The remaining areas of the base member are formed to have a greater flexibility than the electrode areas, as by being thinner or being perforated. The spikes and electrode areas of the base member are coated with a conductor layer to form the electrodes. Conductors on the base member lead to connectors to provide biopotential signals from the electrodes.

Abstract translation: 单一的多电极生物电位信号传感器由注射成型的塑料形成。 在传感器的基座部件中限定了包含尖峰的多个电极区域。 基底构件的剩余区域形成为具有比电极区域更大的柔性，通过更薄或被穿孔。 基底构件的尖峰和电极区域涂覆有导体层以形成电极。 基座上的导体导致连接器，以提供来自电极的生物电位信号。

公开(公告)号：US06622035B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-16

申请号：US09489556

申请日：2000-01-21

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen ,  Heli Tolvanen-Laakso

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen ,  Heli Tolvanen-Laakso

IPC: A61B50408

CPC classification number: A61B5/685 ,  A61B5/04025 ,  A61B5/0408 ,  A61N1/04

Abstract: An electrode for acquiring bioelectrical signals employs an array of spikes that penetrate the viable epidermis layer of the skin of a patient. The spikes may be conductive to provide the bioelectrical signal. Or, the spikes may extend through a conductive layer that provides the bioelectrical signal. The signal obtained from the patient may be amplified using an amplifier and battery circuit present on the electrode body. The electrode may be used with or without conductive paste or gel.

Abstract translation: 用于获取生物电信号的电极采用穿透患者皮肤的活的表皮层的尖峰阵列。 尖峰可能是导电的以提供生物电信号。 或者，尖峰可以延伸通过提供生物电信号的导电层。 可以使用存在于电极体上的放大器和电池电路来放大从患者获得的信号。 电极可以使用或不使用导电糊或凝胶。

公开(公告)号：US06315739B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09407187

申请日：1999-09-27

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen ,  Ola Stenqvist

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen ,  Ola Stenqvist

IPC: A61B5103

CPC classification number: A61M16/044 ,  A61B5/085 ,  A61M16/042 ,  A61M16/0833 ,  A61M2016/0027

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the intratracheal pressure of a patient intubated with an endotracheal tube. An infusion conduit has a first end at the proximal end of the endotracheal tube and a second end proximate to the distal end of the endotracheal tube. The first end of the infusion conduit is connectable to a pressure sensing unit. A fluid source flows a gaseous or liquid fluid through the infusion conduit to maintain the patency of the infusion conduit from the first end to the second end and to allow the pressure obtained at the second end of the infusion conduit to be used to determine the intratracheal pressure of the subject.

Abstract translation: 用于确定插入气管插管的患者的气管内压力的装置和方法。 输注导管在气管内管的近端处具有第一端，并且靠近气管内管的远端的第二端。 输液管道的第一端可连接到压力检测单元。 流体源将气体或液体流体流过输注导管，以保持输注导管的通畅从第一端到第二端，并允许在输注导管的第二端获得的压力用于确定气管内 受试者的压力。

公开(公告)号：US4856531A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-15

申请号：US87984

申请日：1987-08-17

Applicant: Pekka Merilainen

Inventor： Pekka Merilainen

IPC: A61M16/00 ,  A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/087 ,  A61B5/097 ,  A61B10/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/0813

Abstract: The invention relates to a device intended for monitoring the carbon dioxide output, oxygen consumption and respiration quotient of a patient connected to a respirator. The device comprises O.sub.2 (15) and CO.sub.2 (14) analyzers, a mixing chamber (6), a constant flow fan (8), a gas collector hose (2) and magnetic valves (10-13). The carbon dioxide output and oxygen consumption are directly calculated from the carbon dioxide content of gas mixed with constant air flow from said mixing chamber, from the carbon dioxide and oxygen contents of the gas in said mixing chamber, and from the oxygen content of the gas delivered into a patient by said respirator.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于监测连接到呼吸器的患者的二氧化碳输出，耗氧量和呼吸商的装置。 该装置包括O 2（15）和CO 2（14）分析器，混合室（6），恒流风扇（8），气体收集器软管（2）和电磁阀（10-13）。 二氧化碳输出和氧气消耗量直接由混合来自所述混合室的恒定空气流的气体的二氧化碳含量，所述混合室中的气体的二氧化碳和氧气含量以及气体的氧含量 由所述呼吸器送入患者。