公开(公告)号：US08002875B1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-23

申请号：US11522004

申请日：2006-09-18

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D63/065 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/108 ,  B01D2313/10 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0405

摘要： A hydrogen purification system that is used to separate hydrogen gas from a mixed gas source. The hydrogen purification system includes a hydrogen separator. Within the hydrogen separator is a first chamber into which the mixed gas source is fed. A plurality of tubes extend into the first chamber. Each of the plurality of tubes is permeable only to hydrogen. Gap spaces exist within the first chamber in between any of the plurality of tubes that are arranged in adjacent positions. The mixed source gas passes through the gap spaces as it permeates the first chamber. The mixed gas source spreads thinly over the exterior of the tubes within the confines of the gap spaces. Hydrogen from the mixed gas source permeates thru the tube walls and into the interior of the tubes that are in parallel and the hydrogen is collected in a chamber.

摘要翻译： 用于从混合气体源分离氢气的氢气净化系统。 氢气净化系统包括氢气分离器。 在氢气分离器内部是供给混合气体源的第一室。 多个管延伸到第一室中。 多个管中的每一个仅可渗透氢气。 间隙空间存在于布置在相邻位置的多个管中的任一个之间的第一室内。 混合源气体在渗透第一室时通过间隙空间。 混合气体源在间隙空间的范围内薄薄地扩散在管的外部。 来自混合气体源的氢气通过管壁渗透到并联的管的内部，氢气被收集在室中。

公开(公告)号：US07771520B1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-10

申请号：US11705631

申请日：2007-02-14

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： B01D53/22

CPC分类号： B01D53/228 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D69/141 ,  B01D69/145 ,  B01D71/021 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/502 ,  B01D2257/702 ,  B01D2257/80 ,  C01B3/505 ,  Y10S55/05

摘要： A hydrogen separation membrane and its associated method of fabrication. The hydrogen separation membrane has a first material layer that is permeable to atomic hydrogen. The first material has a first catalytic ability to disassociate molecular hydrogen into atomic hydrogen. Complex particles are applied to the first material layer, either to produce a second layer or to act as a barrier between the first layer and a subsequent layer. The complex particles are hollow bucky structure, filled bucky structures or core particles coated with a hydrogen permeable metal. The complex particles prevent material from opposite sides of the hydrogen separation membrane from interdiffusing over time. Consequently, palladium based materials and Group V based materials can be used on opposite sides of the hydrogen separation membrane. This produces a hydrogen separation membrane that is more permeable to hydrogen in one direction than it is in the opposite direction.

摘要翻译： 氢分离膜及其相关制造方法。 氢分离膜具有可渗透原子氢的第一材料层。 第一种材料具有将分子氢分解成原子氢的第一种催化能力。 将复杂颗粒施加到第一材料层，以产生第二层或用作第一层和后续层之间的阻挡层。 复合颗粒是中空的bucky结构，填充的bucky结构或涂有氢可渗透金属的核心颗粒。 复合颗粒防止氢分离膜的相对侧的材料随时间相互扩散。 因此，可以在氢分离膜的相对侧使用钯基材料和V族材料。 这产生氢分离膜，其在一个方向上比在相反方向上更可渗透氢。

公开(公告)号：US4825152A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US855074

申请日：1986-04-22

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： G01R13/04 ,  G01R13/14 ,  G01R13/42 ,  G01R29/08 ,  G01R33/02

CPC分类号： G01R29/0814 ,  G01R13/04 ,  G01R13/14 ,  G01R13/42 ,  G01R33/02

摘要： A photographic film is adapted to provide visual record of the occurrence of a transient electrostatic or transient magnetic field by the inclusion of metallic patterns close to the film. The patterns are of a geometry to define gaps at which the fields are concentrated in a manner to interact with the film. The film exhibits a light spot at the gap, when it is developed, if a field of sufficient intensity is present during the test period. The film packet is intended primarily for inclusion in the shipping package for sensitive electronic devices to provide a visual record of exposures during shipment.

摘要翻译： 照相胶片适于通过包含靠近胶片的金属图案来提供瞬时静电或瞬态磁场的发生的视觉记录。 这些图案具有几何形状，以限定间隙，在这些间隙中，这些区域以与膜相互作用的方式集中。 如果在测试期间存在足够强度的场，则在显影时，该膜在间隙处表现出光斑。 电影包主要用于包含在敏感电子设备的运输包装中，以提供运输过程中的曝光的视觉记录。

公开(公告)号：US09518904B2

公开(公告)日：2016-12-13

申请号：US14320729

申请日：2014-07-01

申请人： Peter R. Bossard ,  Luis Breziner ,  Paolo Moreschini

发明人： Peter R. Bossard ,  Luis Breziner ,  Paolo Moreschini

IPC分类号： G01N7/10 ,  C01B3/50 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N1/40

CPC分类号： G01N7/10 ,  C01B3/501 ,  G01N1/4005 ,  G01N33/005

摘要： A system and method of taking a sample of hydrogen gas and reducing the hydrogen concentration by a factor greater than 1×108 while increasing the partial pressure of the contaminating gases by a factor greater than 100, so that extremely low levels of contamination can be accurately detected. A sample of hydrogen gas is captured. Only the hydrogen gas is removed leaving all the contaminating gases in the collection chamber. This causes the total pressure of the gas sample within the collection chamber to decrease dramatically since most of the gas was hydrogen. All the contaminants remain in the collection chamber. None are lost through pumping. As such, the concentration of contaminants within the remaining sample increases dramatically. The residual partial pressures of the contaminating gases within the collection chamber and can now be measured by a variety of techniques.

摘要翻译： 采用氢气样品并将氢浓度降低1×108以上的系统和方法，同时将污染气体的分压提高到大于100，从而可以准确地得到极低的污染水平 检测到。 捕获氢气样品。 仅除去氢气，留下收集室中的所有污染气体。 这导致收集室内的气体样品的总压力显着降低，因为大部分气体是氢气。 所有污染物都留在收集室中。 没有人通过泵送而丢失。 因此，剩余样品中的污染物浓度急剧增加。 收集室内污染气体的剩余分压现在可以通过各种技术来测量。

公开(公告)号：US08875559B2

公开(公告)日：2014-11-04

申请号：US13314175

申请日：2011-12-07

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： G01N7/10 ,  G01N33/00

CPC分类号： G01N7/10 ,  C01B3/501 ,  G01N1/4005 ,  G01N33/0014

摘要： A system and method for taking a sample of hydrogen gas and conditioning that sample so that extremely low levels of contamination can be more accurately detected. Initially a sample of hydrogen gas is captured and isolated in a collection chamber. A hydrogen permeable membrane is provided having a first side and a second side. The first side of the hydrogen permeable membrane is exposed to the gas sample held within the collection chamber. The hydrogen gas contained within the gas sample begins to permeate through the hydrogen permeable membrane and exit the collection chamber. This causes the pressure of the gas sample within the collection chamber to decrease. Since contaminants remain in the collection chamber, the concentration of contaminants within the remaining sample increases exponentially. The residual pressure within the collection chamber is measured and converted into a contaminant level reading.

摘要翻译： 一种采集氢气样品和调节样品的系统和方法，以便能够更精确地检测到极低水平的污染物。 最初，在收集室中捕获和分离氢气样品。 提供具有第一侧和第二侧的氢可渗透膜。 氢可渗透膜的第一侧暴露于收集室内保持的气体样品。 包含在气体样品中的氢气开始渗透通过氢可渗透膜并离开收集室。 这导致收集室内的气体样品的压力降低。 由于污染物残留在收集室中，所以剩余样品中的污染物浓度呈指数增加。 测量收集室内的剩余压力并将其转换为污染物水平读数。

公开(公告)号：US08720620B1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-13

申请号：US12167057

申请日：2008-07-02

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： B60L11/18

CPC分类号： B60L15/20 ,  B60L1/003 ,  B60L1/02 ,  B60L3/0053 ,  B60L11/1805 ,  B60L11/1864 ,  B60L11/1885 ,  B60L11/1887 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  B60L11/1894 ,  B60L11/1896 ,  B60L11/1898 ,  B60L2200/18 ,  B60L2220/44 ,  B60L2240/12 ,  B60L2240/36 ,  B60L2240/421 ,  B60L2240/662 ,  B60L2240/80 ,  B60L2260/28 ,  Y02T10/645 ,  Y02T10/7061 ,  Y02T10/72 ,  Y02T10/7275 ,  Y02T10/7291 ,  Y02T90/16 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： An automobile assembly and a method of producing hydrogen gas within an automobile assembly. An automobile is provided that contains a fuel cell. The fuel cell produces electricity from purified hydrogen gas. The vehicle also has a standard fuel tank that holds liquid fuel and a water tank that holds water. A fuel reformation system is carried by the vehicle. The fuel reformation system reacts water with liquid fuel to produce hydrogen gas and exhaust gases. The hydrogen gas is separated and is supplied to the fuel cell as needed by the fuel cell. The fuel cell produces electricity that drives electric motors to power the wheel of the vehicle. The vehicle, therefore, uses traditional liquid fuel to produce the hydrogen needed to operate the fuel cell and power an otherwise electric vehicle.

摘要翻译： 汽车组件和在汽车组件内产生氢气的方法。 提供包含燃料电池的汽车。 燃料电池从纯化氢气中产生电力。 车辆还有一个标准的燃油箱，保存着液体燃料和一个水箱。 燃料改造系统由车辆承载。 燃料改造系统使水与液体燃料反应产生氢气和废气。 氢气被分离并根据燃料电池的需要被供应到燃料电池。 燃料电池产生电力，驱动电动机为车辆的车轮供电。 因此，车辆使用传统的液体燃料来产生操作燃料电池所需的氢气，并为另外的电动车辆供电。

公开(公告)号：US07396385B1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-08

申请号：US11097535

申请日：2005-03-31

申请人： Peter R. Bossard ,  Jacob Mettes

发明人： Peter R. Bossard ,  Jacob Mettes

IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D69/04 ,  B01D63/06

CPC分类号： C01B3/501 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D2257/108 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475

摘要： A hydrogen purification system that is used to separate hydrogen gas from a source gas. The hydrogen purification system has a hydrogen separator into which the source gas is permitted to flow. Within the hydrogen separator is at least one hydrogen permeable tube that is made of a hydrogen permeable material. A support tube is provided for each hydrogen permeable tube. A support tube is coaxially aligned with the hydrogen permeable tube, wherein a gap space exists between the hydrogen permeable tube and the support tube in an area of overlap. The source gas is introduced into the gap space. The source gas spreads thinly over the hydrogen permeable tube in the gap space. Hydrogen from the source gas passes through the hydrogen permeable tube in a highly efficient manner and is collected.

摘要翻译： 用于从源气体分离氢气的氢气净化系统。 氢气净化系统具有允许源气体流过的氢分离器。 在氢分离器内是至少一个氢透过管，由氢可渗透材料制成。 为每个氢可渗透管提供支撑管。 支撑管与氢可渗透管同轴对准，其中在可重叠的区域中在氢可渗透管和支撑管之间存在间隙空间。 源气体被引入间隙空间。 源气体在间隙空间中的氢可渗透管上薄薄地扩散。 来自源气体的氢气以高效的方式通过氢可渗透管并被收集。

公开(公告)号：US06613132B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-02

申请号：US10053936

申请日：2002-01-24

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： B01D5322

CPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D63/10 ,  B01D2257/108 ,  B01D2313/22 ,  B01D2313/42 ,  Y10S55/05

摘要： A hydrogen diffusion cell that is used to purify contaminated hydrogen gas. The hydrogen diffusion cell has a supply tube that supplies contaminated hydrogen gas into a confined area and a drain tube that removes contaminated hydrogen gas from the confined area. Hydrogen permeable coils are disposed between the supply tube and the drain tube. The hydrogen permeable coils surround a perforated output tube that draws in any hydrogen gas that diffuses through the hydrogen permeable coils. The presence and position of the output tube prevent any significant lateral movement of hydrogen gas within the diffusion cell.

公开(公告)号：US06433596B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09346521

申请日：1999-07-02

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： H03L102

CPC分类号： H03L7/107 ,  H03L7/0891 ,  H03L7/18

摘要： An improved loop filter device for use in a phase lock loop that improves lock-in time and cycle-to-cycle jitter in the phase lock loop. The loop filter is used in a phase lock loop circuit having a phase frequency detector, a charge pump, a voltage controlled oscillator and a divider. The loop filter has a first capacitor with a first side and a second side, wherein the first side of the first capacitor is coupled to the output of the charge pump and the input of the voltage controlled oscillator. A CMOS switch is coupled to the second side of the first capacitor, wherein the CMOS switch is selectively operable between an open condition and a closed condition. At least one second capacitor is coupled in parallel with said switch, wherein the first capacitor is joined in series with said at least one second capacitor when the CMOS switch is in its open condition.

摘要翻译： 一种用于锁相环的改进的环路滤波器装置，其改善了锁相环中的锁定时间和周期到周期的抖动。 环路滤波器用于具有相位频率检测器，电荷泵，压控振荡器和分频器的锁相环电路中。 环路滤波器具有第一电容器，其具有第一侧面和第二侧面，其中第一电容器的第一侧耦合到电荷泵的输出端和压控振荡器的输入端。 CMOS开关耦合到第一电容器的第二侧，其中CMOS开关选择性地在打开状态和闭合状态之间工作。 至少一个第二电容器与所述开关并联耦合，其中当CMOS开关处于其开启状态时，第一电容器与所述至少一个第二电容器串联连接。

公开(公告)号：US06183542B2

公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

申请号：US09188128

申请日：1998-11-09

申请人： Peter R. Bossard

发明人： Peter R. Bossard

IPC分类号： B01D5322

CPC分类号： B01D69/02 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D63/087 ,  B01D69/10 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D2323/10 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B3/505 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  Y10S55/05

摘要： An assembly for separating molecular hydrogen from a volume of gas. The assembly includes a first conduit through which a gas at a first pressure flows, wherein the gas at least partially contains hydrogen. A second conduit intersects the first conduit. The second conduit is maintained at a pressure less than the first pressure of the first conduit. A hydrogen permeable membrane is disposed within the second conduit, wherein the membrane prevents the gas from flowing directly into the second conduit. Since the membrane is hydrogen permeable, a predetermined flow rate of hydrogen permeates through the membrane into the second conduit. The hydrogen permeable membrane contains a layer of hydrogen permeable material. The layer of hydrogen permeable material has a top surface and a bottom surface. A first metal mesh element is bonded to the top surface of the layer of hydrogen permeable material. Similarly, a second metal mesh element is bonded to the bottom surface of the layer of hydrogen permeable material, wherein the hydrogen permeable material is deformed into the second metal mesh. The mesh element supports the thin hydrogen permeable layer and prevents it from rupturing or collapsing.

摘要翻译： 用于从一定体积的气体中分离分子氢的组件。 组件包括第一导管，第一压力下的气体通过第一导管流动，其中气体至少部分地含有氢气。 第二导管与第一导管相交。 第二导管保持在小于第一导管的第一压力的压力。 氢可渗透膜设置在第二导管内，其中膜防止气体直接流入第二导管。 由于膜是氢可渗透的，所以预定的氢气流量通过膜渗透到第二导管中。 氢可渗透膜含有一层氢可渗透材料。 氢可渗透材料层具有顶表面和底表面。 第一金属网元件结合到氢可渗透材料层的顶表面。 类似地，第二金属网孔结合到氢可渗透材料层的底表面，其中氢可渗透材料变形成第二金属网。 网状元件支撑薄氢透过层，防止其破裂或塌陷。