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    Pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization (PAP)
    1.
    发明申请
    Pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization (PAP) 有权
    焦磷酸活化聚合（PAP）

    公开(公告)号：US20050095608A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

    申请号：US10798844

    申请日：2004-03-12

    申请人： Qiang Liu ,  Steve Sommer ,  Arthur Riggs

    发明人： Qiang Liu ,  Steve Sommer ,  Arthur Riggs

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/6827 ,  C12Q1/6858 ,  C12Q2525/186 ,  C12Q2521/319 ,  C12Q2535/125 ,  C12Q2565/301 ,  C12Q2535/131

    摘要： A novel method of pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization (PAP) has been developed. In PAP, pyrophosphorolysis and polymerization by DNA polymerase are coupled serially for each amplification by using an activatable oligonucleotide P* that has a non-extendible 3′-deoxynucleotide at its 3′ terminus. PAP can be applied for exponential amplification or for linear amplification. PAP can be applied to amplification of a rare allele in admixture with one or more wild-type alleles by using an activatable oligonucleotide P* that is an exact match at its 3′ end for the rare allele but has a mismatch at or near its 3′ terminus for the wild-type allele. PAP is inhibited by a mismatch in the 3′ specific sequence as far as 16 nucleotides away from the 3′ terminus. PAP can greatly increase the specificity of detection of an extremely rare mutant allele in the presence of the wild-type allele. Specificity results from both pyrophosphorolysis and polymerization since significant nonspecific amplification requires the combination of mismatch pyrophosphorolysis and misincorporation by the DNA polymerase, an extremely rare event. Using genetically engineered DNA polymerases greatly improves the efficiency of PAP.

    摘要翻译： 开发了焦磷酸活化聚合（PAP）的新方法。 在PAP中，通过使用在其3'末端具有不可延长的3'-脱氧核苷酸的可活化寡核苷酸P *，通过DNA聚合酶进行焦磷酸分解和聚合反应，进行每次扩增。 PAP可以用于指数放大或线性放大。 PAP可以应用于稀释等位基因与一种或多种野生型等位基因的混合，通过使用可激活的寡核苷酸P *，其在3'末端为罕见等位基因而精确匹配，但在3或3附近具有不匹配 '末端为野生型等位基因。 PAP被3'特异性序列的错配抑制至远离3'末端的16个核苷酸。 PAP可以在野生型等位基因存在的情况下大大增加检测极罕见的突变等位基因的特异性。 焦磷酸分解和聚合的特异性结果，因为显着的非特异性扩增需要由DNA聚合酶引起的错配焦磷酸分解和错配合的组合，这是非常罕见的事件。 使用基因工程DNA聚合酶大大提高了PAP的效率。

    PYROPHOSPHOROLYSIS ACTIVATED POLYMERIZATION (PAP)
    2.
    发明申请
    PYROPHOSPHOROLYSIS ACTIVATED POLYMERIZATION (PAP) 有权
    磷酰化活性聚合（PAP）

    公开(公告)号：US20070298428A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-12-27

    申请号：US11772622

    申请日：2007-07-02

    申请人： Qiang Liu ,  Steve Sommer ,  Arthur Riggs

    发明人： Qiang Liu ,  Steve Sommer ,  Arthur Riggs

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/6827 ,  C12Q1/6858 ,  C12Q2525/186 ,  C12Q2521/319 ,  C12Q2535/125 ,  C12Q2565/301 ,  C12Q2535/131

    摘要： A novel method of pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization (PAP) has been developed. In PAP, pyrophosphorolysis and polymerization by DNA polymerase are coupled serially for each amplification by using an activatable oligonucleotide P* that has a non-extendible 3′-deoxynucleotide at its 3′ terminus. PAP can be applied for exponential amplification or for linear amplification. PAP can be applied to amplification of a rare allele in admixture with one or more wild-type alleles by using an activatable oligonucleotide P* that is an exact match at its 3′ end for the rare allele but has a mismatch at or near its 3′ terminus for the wild-type allele. PAP is inhibited by a mismatch in the 3′ specific sequence as far as 16 nucleotides away from the 3′ terminus. PAP can greatly increase the specificity of detection of an extremely rare mutant allele in the presence of the wild-type allele. Specificity results from both pyrophosphorolysis and polymerization since significant nonspecific amplification requires the combination of mismatch pyrophosphorolysis and misincorporation by the DNA polymerase, an extremely rare event. Using genetically engineered DNA polymerases greatly improves the efficiency of PAP.

    摘要翻译： 开发了焦磷酸活化聚合（PAP）的新方法。 在PAP中，通过使用在其3'末端具有不可延长的3'-脱氧核苷酸的可活化寡核苷酸P *，通过DNA聚合酶进行焦磷酸分解和聚合反应，进行每次扩增。 PAP可以用于指数放大或线性放大。 PAP可以应用于稀释等位基因与一种或多种野生型等位基因的混合，通过使用可激活的寡核苷酸P *，其在3'末端为罕见等位基因而精确匹配，但在3或3附近具有不匹配 '末端为野生型等位基因。 PAP被3'特异性序列的错配抑制至远离3'末端的16个核苷酸。 PAP可以在野生型等位基因存在的情况下大大增加检测极罕见的突变等位基因的特异性。 焦磷酸分解和聚合的特异性结果，因为显着的非特异性扩增需要由DNA聚合酶引起的错配焦磷酸分解和错配合的组合，这是非常罕见的事件。 使用基因工程DNA聚合酶大大提高了PAP的效率。

    Delayed pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization
    3.
    发明授权
    Delayed pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11845981B2

    公开(公告)日：2023-12-19

    申请号：US17586596

    申请日：2022-01-27

    申请人： Shaofeng Ding ,  Qiang Liu

    发明人： Shaofeng Ding ,  Qiang Liu

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/6853 ,  C12Q1/686 ,  C12Q1/6858

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/6853 ,  C12Q1/686 ,  C12Q2525/186 ,  C12Q2565/301

    摘要： A minimal-copy-ratio of templates is a problem in detecting early stage cancer where minimal copies of somatic cancer-specific mutations are targeted in the presence of large copies of wildtype genome DNA, commonly a 1/10,000 or even less minimal-copy-ratios between the mutant target and wildtype control templates. To overcome this problem, delayed pyrophosphorolysis activated polymerization (delayed-PAP) was developed which can delay product accumulation of the wildtype control to a much later time or cycle, such as by 15 cycles or by 30,000 folds. In the multiplex format, delayed-PAP is particularly useful to amplify not only the wildtype control but also mutant target templates accurately and consistently in the minimal-copy-ratio situation.

    Pyrophosphorolysis activated fluorescence to measure PAP amplification of nucleic acid
    4.
    发明申请
    Pyrophosphorolysis activated fluorescence to measure PAP amplification of nucleic acid 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20200150047A1

    公开(公告)日：2020-05-14

    申请号：US16658029

    申请日：2019-10-19

    申请人： Shaofeng Ding ,  Qiang Liu

    发明人： Shaofeng Ding ,  Qiang Liu

    IPC分类号： G01N21/76 ,  C12Q1/6844

    摘要： A new fluorescence detection method called pyrophosphorolysis activated fluorescence was developed to measure PAP amplification of nucleic acid. A fluorophore-quencher dual-attached blocked primer was used for PAP which has a fluorophore attached to a nucleotide in the internal region or at the 5′ end and a quencher attached to a blocked nucleotide at the 3′ end. Multiple fluorophore-quencher dual-labeled blocked primers were also used for multiplex PAP, which are attached with different fluorophores to distinguish multiple templates in a reaction.

    Wind turbine blades with layered, multi-component spars, and associated systems and methods
    7.
    发明授权
    Wind turbine blades with layered, multi-component spars, and associated systems and methods 有权
    具有分层，多组分翼梁的风力涡轮机叶片以及相关的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US09470205B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-10-18

    申请号：US13802590

    申请日：2013-03-13

    申请人： Qiang Liu ,  Myles L. Baker

    发明人： Qiang Liu ,  Myles L. Baker

    IPC分类号： F03D1/06 ,  F03D1/00 ,  B29C70/52 ,  B29L31/08 ,  B29C65/48 ,  B29C65/00

    CPC分类号： F03D1/0675 ,  B29C65/48 ,  B29C66/1248 ,  B29C66/43 ,  B29C66/721 ,  B29C70/52 ,  B29L2031/085 ,  F03D13/10 ,  F05B2240/302 ,  Y02E10/721 ,  Y02E10/728 ,  Y02P70/523 ,  Y10T29/49337

    摘要： Wind turbine blades with layered, multi-component spars, and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A wind turbine blade system in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a first blade segment having a first spar element that includes first planks having a first thickness and a first plank composition, and a second blade segment having a second spar element that includes second planks having a second thickness and a second plank composition different than the first plank composition. The second blade segment is joined to the first blade segment at a joint, and, in particular embodiments, an overall product of thickness and elastic modulus of the first planks is approximately equal to an overall product of thickness and elastic modulus for the second planks.

    摘要翻译： 公开了具有分层，多组分翼梁以及相关系统和方法的风力涡轮机叶片。 根据特定实施例的风力涡轮机叶片系统包括具有第一翼梁元件的第一叶片段，所述第一翼梁元件包括具有第一厚度的第一木板和第一木板组合物，以及具有第二翼梁元件的第二叶片段，所述第二翼梁元件包括第二木板， 第二厚度和与第一板组合物不同的第二板组合物。 第二刀片段在接头处连接到第一刀片段，并且在具体实施例中，第一板的厚度和弹性模量的总体乘积近似等于第二板的厚度和弹性模量的总积。

    Method and apparatus for scheduling communication traffic in ATCA-based equipment
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for scheduling communication traffic in ATCA-based equipment 有权
    用于调度基于ATCA的设备中的通信业务的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US09178826B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-11-03

    申请号：US13820798

    申请日：2011-08-24

    申请人： Caixia Chi ,  Fang Liu ,  Qiang Liu ,  Dong Yan ,  Bin Wang

    发明人： Caixia Chi ,  Fang Liu ,  Qiang Liu ,  Dong Yan ,  Bin Wang

    IPC分类号： H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/803 ,  H04L12/851 ,  H04L12/863 ,  H04L29/08

    CPC分类号： H04L43/0894 ,  H04L43/062 ,  H04L43/067 ,  H04L43/0835 ,  H04L47/24 ,  H04L47/2425 ,  H04L47/54 ,  H04L67/10

    摘要： A method for scheduling communication traffic in an Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture based equipment and a corresponding apparatus are provided. In the method, communication traffic information of traffic processing means in the equipment is collected; based on the collected communication traffic information, a traffic distribution rule for the traffic processing means in next time period is generated; and based on the generated traffic distribution rule, incoming communication traffic of the equipment is scheduled. The method of the invention considers the quality of service and contracted capacity of the whole equipment and the dynamic processing capability and running environment of the traffic processing means, and can balance the loads of the respective traffic processing means in the equipment with asymmetric multi-application configuration well by adaptively adjusting the distribution of the communication traffic, to guarantee the quality of service of the whole equipment.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在基于高级电信计算架构的设备和相应设备中调度通信业务的方法。 在该方法中，收集设备中的业务处理装置的通信业务信息; 基于所收集的通信交通信息，生成下一时间段中的交通处理装置的交通分配规则; 并基于生成的流量分配规则，调度设备的进入通信流量。 本发明的方法考虑了整个设备的服务质量和承包能力以及交通处理手段的动态处理能力和运行环境，并且可以平衡不对称多应用的设备中各个业务处理手段的负载 配置好，通过自适应调整通信流量的分布，保证整个设备的服务质量。

    Chromatography column and method for isolating nucleic acid
    9.
    发明授权
    Chromatography column and method for isolating nucleic acid 有权
    色谱柱和分离核酸的方法

    公开(公告)号：US09163230B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-10-20

    申请号：US13918979

    申请日：2013-06-16

    申请人： Shaofeng Ding ,  Qiang Liu

    发明人： Shaofeng Ding ,  Qiang Liu

    IPC分类号： C07H21/00 ,  C07H21/02 ,  C07H21/04 ,  C12N15/10

    CPC分类号： C12N15/101 ,  C07H21/00 ,  C07H21/02 ,  C07H21/04

    摘要： The present invention provides a chromatography column and a method for isolating nucleic acid molecules. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a double-layer column of a first anion exchange membrane and a second serially coupled silica membrane. Upon flowing a nucleic acid-containing solution through the first anion exchange membrane, the nucleic acid binds to and then elutes from the first membrane. The eluted solution then flows serially through the second silica membrane, which the nucleic acid binds to and then elutes from. Due to this novel serial coupled double-layer principle, the present invention is particularly suitable for co-isolating RNA and DNA, for isolating nucleic acid embraced by proteins, e.g., viruses, and for isolating diluted nucleic acid in a large volume, e.g., plasma. In addition, the eluted nucleic acid is ready for downstream applications.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供色谱柱和分离核酸分子的方法。 在一个实施方案中，本发明提供了第一阴离子交换膜和第二串联偶联二氧化硅膜的双层柱。 当使含核酸的溶液流过第一阴离子交换膜时，核酸与第一膜结合并然后从第一膜洗脱。 然后洗脱的溶液顺序流过第二个二氧化硅膜，核酸结合然后从其中洗脱出来。 由于这种新颖的串联耦合双层原理，本发明特别适用于共分离RNA和DNA，用于分离蛋白质（例如病毒）所包围的核酸，并用于大体积分离稀释的核酸，例如， 等离子体。 此外，洗脱的核酸准备用于下游应用。