摘要:
Surface hybridization, a reaction in which nucleic acid molecules in solution react with nucleic acid partners immobilized on a surface, is widely practiced in life science research. In these applications the immobilized partner, or “probe”, is typically single-stranded DNA. Because DNA is strongly charged, high salt conditions are required to enable binding between analyte nucleic acids (“targets”) in solution and the DNA probes. High salt, however, compromises prospects for label-free monitoring or control of the hybridization reaction through surface electric fields, as well as stabilizes secondary structure in target species that can interfere with probe-target recognition. In this work, initial steps toward addressing these challenges are taken by introducing Morpholinos, a class of uncharged DNA analogues, for surface-hybridization applications. Monolayers of Morpholino probes on gold supports can be fabricated with methods similar to those employed with DNA, and are shown to hybridize efficiently and sequence-specifically with target strands. Hybridization-induced changes in the interfacial charge organization are analyzed with electrochemical methods and compared for Morpholino and DNA probe monolayers. Molecular mechanisms connecting surface hybridization state to the interfacial capacitance are identified and interpreted through comparison to numerical Poisson-Boltzmann calculations. Interestingly, positive as well as negative capacitive responses (contrast inversion) to hybridization are possible, depending on surface populations of mobile ions as controlled by the applied potential. Quantitative comparison of surface capacitance with target coverage (targets/area) reveals a near-linear relationship, and demonstrates sensitivities (limits of quantification) in the pg mm−2 range.
摘要:
A method to monitor the progress of hybridization between nucleic acid strands in solution and Morpholino strands immobilized on a solid support such as a working electrode in-situ, in real-time, and using label-free electrochemical measurements sensitive to hybridization-induced changes in the near-surface dielectric constant and charge organization.
摘要:
Use of Morpholinos, a class of uncharged DNA analogues, for surface-hybridization applications. Monolayers of Morpholino probes on gold supports are fabricated with methods similar to those employed with DNA, and are used to hybridize efficiently and sequence-specifically with target strands. Hybridization-induced changes in the interfacial charge organization are analyzed with electrochemical methods and compared for Morpholino and DNA probe monolayers. Molecular mechanisms connecting surface hybridization state to the interfacial capacitance are identified and interpreted through comparison to numerical Poisson-Boltzmann calculations. Positive as well as negative capacitive responses (contrast inversion) to hybridization are possible, depending on surface populations of mobile ions as controlled by the applied potential. Quantitative comparison of surface capacitance with target coverage (targets/area) reveals a near-linear relationship, and demonstrates sensitivities (limits of quantification) in the pg mm−2 range.
摘要:
A method for structure modeling of a formation penetrated by multiple wells includes obtaining borehole dips from borehole measurements; filtering the borehole dips based on a dip sequence analysis; computing structural dips based on the filtered dips; computing structural delineation by using the structural dips; projecting the structural dips to horizon point sets based on the structural delineation; and generating stratigraphic surfaces by mapping the projected horizon point sets. A system for structure modeling of a formation penetrated by multiple wells includes a processor and a memory that store a program having instructions for: obtaining borehole dips from borehole measurements; filtering the borehole dips based on a dip sequence analysis; computing structural dips based on the filtered dips; computing structural delineation by using the structural dips; projecting the structural dips to horizon point sets based on the structural delineation; and generating stratigraphic surfaces by mapping the projected horizon point sets.
摘要:
A system and methods for organizing, manipulating, and displaying worklists of patient studies for access by medical personnel is provided. The patient studies may include medical images and data relating to medical images. In some embodiments, the worklists are easily customizable, to permit a wide range of tasks to be handled in the worklist system. Updated worklist information may be pushed to the appropriate workstations or users in nearly real-time, as updates become available, reducing errors that may be caused by outdated information in worklists. In some embodiments, worklists contain overlapping information, which permits numerous users to see the information, even if it is not immediately relevant to their tasks. This increased scrutiny may help to reduce errors.
摘要:
A microscope device includes a probe having a dielectric material with a first side and a second side. First and second electrodes are disposed on the first side of the dielectric material. A nanotube connects the first and second electrodes. A gate electrode is disposed on the second side (e.g., backside) of the dielectric material. The device includes a stage adapted for holding a sample. The stage and probe are moveable with respect to one another such that the sample can be brought in close proximity to the nanotube. The device further includes current measurement circuitry for measuring current (e.g., Random Telegraph Signals) passing through the nanotube. The microscope device is able to identify and characterize single defects on the molecular or atomic scale. The probe device may be combined with spin resonance and/or optical systems such that the detection/mapping/manipulate of single spin and single photon could be achieved.
摘要:
A method and apparatus in wireless communications is provided. The method may include measuring received powers levels for a first window of samples, and computing a gain value based on the measured received powers levels. The method may also include determining an offset duration such that the first window of samples and a second window of samples both are included within a downlink region that has downlink power within a threshold level. The method may additionally include applying the gain value to the second window of samples, and the second window of samples may occur after the offset duration.
摘要:
A clinical decision support system comprises a memory device having a plurality of routines stored therein, a processor configured to execute the plurality of routines stored in the memory device, the plurality of routines comprising a routine configured to receive primary clinical information from a user associated with a patient, a routine configured to derive expanded clinical information from the user-provided primary clinical information, a routine configured to identify relevant rules from a data store based on the user-provided clinical information and the expanded clinical information, a routine configured to compute a diagnostic relevancy score for each of the identified relevant rules; a routine configured to assign by the processing device the computed diagnostic relevancy score to each identified relevant rule, and a routine configured to display each identified rule in ranked order based on the rule's assigned diagnostic relevancy score.
摘要:
The present disclosure is intended to describe embodiments for improving image data acquisition and processing in accelerated dynamic magnetic resonance imaging sequences. One embodiment is described where a method includes an acquisition sequence configured to acquire an undersampled set of magnetic resonance data. The undersampled set of magnetic resonance data has a pseudo-random sampling pattern within a data space acquired at a first time, the pseudo-random sampling pattern being influenced by other pseudo-random sampling patterns within the data space arising from the acquisition of additional undersampled sets of magnetic resonance data at respective times. In some embodiments, the pseudo-random sampling patterns of the undersampled sets of magnetic resonance data interleave to yield a desired sampling pattern.
摘要:
Allocating transmit power among two or more carriers assigned to a wireless communication device is disclosed. In one aspect, a method of allocating transmit power includes determining a total amount of data transmit power available at the wireless communication device for data transmission over the carriers. An efficiency metric is determined for each carrier based on the carrier's transmission characteristics and a portion of the total data transmit power is allocated to each carrier based on each carrier's efficiency metric.