公开(公告)号：US09257509B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-09

申请号：US13996214

申请日：2011-12-21

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Philip Kim ,  James C. Hone ,  Cory Dean

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Philip Kim ,  James C. Hone ,  Cory Dean

IPC分类号： H01L21/00 ,  H01L29/16 ,  H01L29/51 ,  H01L29/778 ,  H01L29/06 ,  H01L29/66 ,  H01L29/786

CPC分类号： H01L29/1606 ,  H01L29/0665 ,  H01L29/1033 ,  H01L29/42356 ,  H01L29/518 ,  H01L29/66742 ,  H01L29/778 ,  H01L29/78603 ,  H01L29/78684

摘要： Methods of forming and resulting devices are described that include graphene devices on boron nitride. Selected methods of forming and resulting devices include graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) including boron nitride.

摘要翻译： 描述了形成和所得装置的方法，其包括在氮化硼上的石墨烯装置。 形成和所得器件的所选方法包括包括氮化硼的石墨烯场效应晶体管（GFET）。

公开(公告)号：US09255912B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-09

申请号：US13283670

申请日：2011-10-28

申请人： Matthew Johnston ,  Kenneth Shepard ,  Ioannis Kymissis

发明人： Matthew Johnston ,  Kenneth Shepard ,  Ioannis Kymissis

IPC分类号： G01N29/24 ,  G01N29/02 ,  G01N29/036 ,  H03B5/36 ,  H03H9/17 ,  H03H9/54

CPC分类号： G01N29/245 ,  G01N29/022 ,  G01N29/036 ,  G01N2291/0255 ,  G01N2291/0256 ,  G01N2291/0426 ,  G01N2291/045 ,  H03B5/364 ,  H03H9/175 ,  H03H9/545 ,  Y10T29/42

摘要： An apparatus comprises a thin-film bulk acoustic resonator such as including an acoustic mirror, a piezoelectric region acoustically coupled to the acoustic mirror, and first and second conductors electrically coupled to the piezoelectric region. In an example, an integrated circuit substrate can include an interface circuit connected to the first and second conductors of the resonator, the integrated circuit substrate configured to mechanically support the resonator. An example can include an array of such resonators co-integrated with the interface circuit and configured to detect a mass change associated with one or more of a specified protein binding, a specified antibody-antigen coupling, a specified hybridization of a DNA oligomer, or an adsorption of specified gas molecules.

摘要翻译： 一种装置包括薄膜体声波谐振器，例如包括声反射镜，声耦合到声镜的压电区域，以及电耦合到压电区域的第一和第二导体。 在一个示例中，集成电路衬底可以包括连接到谐振器的第一和第二导体的接口电路，该集成电路衬底被配置为机械地支撑谐振器。 一个示例可以包括与接口电路共同整合的这种谐振器的阵列，并且被配置为检测与指定的蛋白质结合，指定抗体 - 抗原偶联，DNA低聚物的指定杂交中的一个或多个相关联的质量变化，或 特定气体分子的吸附。

公开(公告)号：US20140299839A1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-09

申请号：US13996214

申请日：2011-12-21

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Philip Kim ,  James C. Hone ,  Cory Dean

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Philip Kim ,  James C. Hone ,  Cory Dean

IPC分类号： H01L29/16 ,  H01L29/06 ,  H01L29/786 ,  H01L29/66

CPC分类号： H01L29/1606 ,  H01L29/0665 ,  H01L29/1033 ,  H01L29/42356 ,  H01L29/518 ,  H01L29/66742 ,  H01L29/778 ,  H01L29/78603 ,  H01L29/78684

摘要： Methods of forming and resulting devices are described that include graphene devices on boron nitride. Selected methods of forming and resulting devices include graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) including boron nitride.

摘要翻译： 描述了形成和所得装置的方法，其包括在氮化硼上的石墨烯装置。 形成和所得器件的所选方法包括包括氮化硼的石墨烯场效应晶体管（GFET）。

公开(公告)号：US08263411B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-11

申请号：US12362071

申请日：2009-01-29

申请人： Rastislav Levicky ,  Napoleon Tercero ,  Kang Wang ,  Ping Gong ,  Kenneth Shepard

发明人： Rastislav Levicky ,  Napoleon Tercero ,  Kang Wang ,  Ping Gong ,  Kenneth Shepard

IPC分类号： G01N33/50

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6825 ,  Y10T436/143333 ,  C12Q2525/113

摘要： A method to monitor the progress of hybridization between nucleic acid strands in solution and Morpholino strands immobilized on a solid support such as a working electrode in-situ, in real-time, and using label-free electrochemical measurements sensitive to hybridization-induced changes in the near-surface dielectric constant and charge organization.

摘要翻译： 监测溶液中核酸链之间杂交进程的方法和实时固定在固体支持物如工作电极上的Morpholino链，并使用对杂交诱导的变化敏感的无标记电化学测量 近表面介电常数和电荷组织。

公开(公告)号：US20080037008A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-14

申请号：US11800468

申请日：2007-05-04

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Rastislav Levicky ,  George Patounakis

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Rastislav Levicky ,  George Patounakis

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  H01L27/14

CPC分类号： H04N5/37452 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/6454 ,  H01L27/14621 ,  H01L27/14643

摘要： An active CMOS biosensor chip for fluorescent-based detection is provided that enables time-gated, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. In one embodiment, analytes are loaded with fluorophores that are bound to probe molecules immobilized on the surface of the chip. Photodiodes and other circuitry in the chip are used to measure the fluorescent intensity of the fluorophore at different times. These measurements are then averaged to generate a representation of the transient fluorescent decay response unique to the fluorophores. In addition to its low-cost, compact form, the biosensor chip provides capabilities beyond those of macroscopic instrumentation by enabling time-gated operation for background rejection, easing requirements on optical filters, and by characterizing fluorescence lifetime, allowing for a more detailed characterization of fluorophore labels and their environment. The biosensor chip can be used for a variety of applications including biological, medical, in-the-field applications, and fluorescent lifetime imaging applications.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于基于荧光的检测的有源CMOS生物传感器芯片，其能够进行时间选择的时间分辨荧光光谱。 在一个实施方案中，分析物载有与固定在芯片表面上的探针分子结合的荧光团。 芯片中的光电二极管和其他电路用于在不同时间测量荧光团的荧光强度。 然后对这些测量进行平均以产生荧光团特有的瞬态荧光衰变响应的表示。 除了其低成本，紧凑的形式之外，生物传感器芯片通过实现背景抑制的时间门控操作，对光学滤波器的放宽要求以及通过表征荧光寿命来提供超出宏观仪器的功能，允许更详细的表征 荧光标签及其环境。 生物传感器芯片可用于各种应用，包括生物，医学，现场应用和荧光寿命成像应用。

公开(公告)号：US07329968B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-12

申请号：US10842149

申请日：2004-05-10

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Saravanan Rajapandian

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Saravanan Rajapandian

IPC分类号： H02J1/10

CPC分类号： H03K3/356139 ,  H02J1/08 ,  H02J2001/008 ,  Y10T307/305

摘要： An integrated circuit with multiple supply voltage domains includes a first domain and a second domain of electrical components. The first domain receives current from a first voltage rail and discharges electrical current to a second voltage rail. A second domain of electrical components receives current from the second voltage rail and discharges electrical current to a third voltage rail at a third voltage. An external voltage source provides a supply voltage across the first voltage rail and the third voltage rail. The integrated circuit further includes a regulator for regulating the second voltage rail. The circuit domains are divided into granules that can be multiplexed between domains when the supply voltage fluctuations are too large and too long for the regulator to handle. This concept may be extended to include additional domains of electrical components.

摘要翻译： 具有多个电源电压域的集成电路包括电子部件的第一域和第二域。 第一域从第一电压轨接收电流并将电流放电到第二电压轨。 电气部件的第二结构域从第二电压轨道接收电流，并以第三电压将电流放电到第三电压轨。 外部电压源提供跨越第一电压轨和第三电压轨的电源电压。 该集成电路还包括用于调节第二电压轨的调节器。 当电源电压波动太大和调节器处理时间过长时，电路域被分为可以在域之间复用的颗粒。 这个概念可以扩展到包括电气部件的附加领域。

公开(公告)号：US20070300005A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-27

申请号：US11654286

申请日：2007-01-17

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Anup Jose

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Anup Jose

IPC分类号： G06F13/36

CPC分类号： G06F13/4072 ,  Y02D10/14 ,  Y02D10/151

摘要： Systems and methods for on-chip signaling are disclosed. In some embodiments, an integrated circuit having on-chip signaling between a first component and a second component includes, a differential interconnect capable of coupling the first component to the second component, a driver capable of being coupled to the first component that sends data on the differential interconnect, a receiver capable of being coupled to the second component that receives the data, and a plurality of negative impedance converters capable of being coupled to the differential interconnect that provide loss compensation.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于片上信令的系统和方法。 在一些实施例中，在第一组件和第二组件之间具有片上信令的集成电路包括能够将第一组件耦合到第二组件的差分互连，能够耦合到第一组件的驱动器，该第一组件向 差分互连，能够耦合到接收数据的第二组件的接收器以及能够耦合到提供损耗补偿的差分互连的多个负阻抗转换器。

公开(公告)号：US20060139112A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-29

申请号：US10501278

申请日：2003-01-13

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Steven Chan

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Steven Chan

IPC分类号： H03B5/08

CPC分类号： G06F1/10

摘要： A circuit for distributing a clock signal in an integrated circuit includes a capacitive clock distribution circuit (102) having at least conductor (115) therein. At least one inductor is formed in a metal layer of the integrated circuit and is coupled to the clock distribution circuit. The inductor, generally in the form of a number of spiral inductors (120) distributed throughout the integrated circuit, provides an inductance value selected to resonate with the capacitive clock distribution circuit at resonance, power dissipation is reduced while skew and jitter performance can be improved.

摘要翻译： 用于在集成电路中分配时钟信号的电路包括其中至少具有导体（115）的电容时钟分配电路（102）。 在集成电路的金属层中形成至少一个电感器，并且耦合到时钟分配电路。 通常以分布在整个集成电路中的多个螺旋电感器（120）的形式的电感器提供选择的谐振电感值，以在谐振时与电容时钟分配电路谐振，降低功耗，同时可以改善偏斜和抖动性能 。

公开(公告)号：US07015765B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-21

申请号：US10898743

申请日：2004-07-26

申请人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Steven Chan

发明人： Kenneth Shepard ,  Steven Chan

IPC分类号： H03B5/18 ,  G06F1/04

CPC分类号： G06F1/10

摘要： A circuit for distributing a clock signal in an integrated circuit includes a capacitive clock distribution circuit having at least conductor therein. At least one inductor is formed in a metal layer of the integrated circuit and is coupled to the clock distribution circuit. The inductor, generally in the form of a number of spiral inductors distributed throughout the integrated circuit, provides an inductance value selected to resonate with the capacitive clock distribution circuit. By operating the clock distribution circuit at resonance, power dissipation is reduced while skew and jitter performance can be improved.

摘要翻译： 用于在集成电路中分配时钟信号的电路包括其中至少具有导体的电容时钟分配电路。 在集成电路的金属层中形成至少一个电感器，并且耦合到时钟分配电路。 通常以分布在整个集成电路中的多个螺旋电感器的形式的电感器提供选择为与电容时钟分配电路谐振的电感值。 通过在谐振时操作时钟分配电路，降低功耗，同时可以提高偏移和抖动性能。

公开(公告)号：US20120211375A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-23

申请号：US13423228

申请日：2012-03-18

申请人： Rastislav Levicky ,  Napoleon Tercero ,  Kang Wang ,  Ping Gong ,  Kenneth Shepard

发明人： Rastislav Levicky ,  Napoleon Tercero ,  Kang Wang ,  Ping Gong ,  Kenneth Shepard

IPC分类号： G01N33/50 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6825 ,  Y10T436/143333 ,  C12Q2525/113

摘要： Use of Morpholinos, a class of uncharged DNA analogues, for surface-hybridization applications. Monolayers of Morpholino probes on gold supports are fabricated with methods similar to those employed with DNA, and are used to hybridize efficiently and sequence-specifically with target strands. Hybridization-induced changes in the interfacial charge organization are analyzed with electrochemical methods and compared for Morpholino and DNA probe monolayers. Molecular mechanisms connecting surface hybridization state to the interfacial capacitance are identified and interpreted through comparison to numerical Poisson-Boltzmann calculations. Positive as well as negative capacitive responses (contrast inversion) to hybridization are possible, depending on surface populations of mobile ions as controlled by the applied potential. Quantitative comparison of surface capacitance with target coverage (targets/area) reveals a near-linear relationship, and demonstrates sensitivities (limits of quantification) in the pg mm−2 range.

摘要翻译： 使用Morpholinos，一类不带电荷的DNA类似物，用于表面杂交应用。 使用类似于DNA使用的方法制备金支持物上的Morpholino探针的单层，并且用于与靶链有效地和序列特异性地杂交。 用电化学方法分析杂交诱导的界面电荷组织变化，并比较Morpholino和DNA探针单层。 通过与数值泊松 - 玻尔兹曼计算进行比较，可以确定和解释连接表面杂交态与界面电容的分子机制。 取决于由施加电位控制的移动离子的表面种群，对于杂交，阳性以及负电容反应（对比反转）是可能的。 表面电容与目标覆盖（目标/面积）的定量比较显示近似线性关系，并显示pg mm-2范围内的灵敏度（定量限度）。